(08·廣東C篇)

Napoleon,as a character in Tolstoy’s War and Peace,is more than once described as having“fat little hands.”Nor does he “sit well or firmly on the horse.”He is said to be “undersized,”with “short legs” and a “round stomach”.The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy’s description—it seems not that far off from historical accounts—but his choice of facts:other things that could be said of the man are not said.We are meant to understand the difference of a warring commander in the body of a fat little Frenchman.Tolstoy’s Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his nose—and that is the point.

It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character.And it turns out that,as Tolstoy has it,Napoleon is a crazy man.In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace,the wars having reached the critical year of 1812,Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar (沙皇),who has come with peace terms.Napoleon is very angry:doesn’t he have more army? He,not the Tsar,is the one to make the terms.He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped,“That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!”he shouts.And then,Tolstoy writes,Napoleon“walked silently several times up and down the room,his fat shoulders moving quickly.”

Still later,after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds,Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner.“He raised his hand to the Russian’s...face,” Tolstoy writes,and “taking him by the ear pulled it gently...”.To have one’s ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court.“Well,well,why don’t you say anything?”said he,as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect any one but himself,Napoleon.

Tolstoy did his research,but the composition is his own.

51.Tolstoy’s description of Napoleon in War and Peace is         .

A.far from the historical facts

B.based on the Russian history

C.based on his selection of facts

D.not related to historical details

52.Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because         .

A.he thought he should be the one to make the peace terms

B.the Tsar’s peace terms were hard to accept

C.the Russians stopped his military movement

D.he didn’t have any more army to fight with

53.What did Napoleon expect the Russian representative to do?

A.To walk out of the room in anger.

B.To show agreement with him.

C.To say something about the Tsar.

D.To express his admiration.

54.Tolstoy intended to present Napoleon as a man who is         .

A.ill-mannered in dealing with foreign guests

B.fond of showing off his iron will

C.determined in destroying all of Europe

D.crazy for power and respect

55.What does the last sentence of the passage imply?

A.A writer doesn’t have to be faithful to his findings.

B.A writer may write about a hero in his own way.

C.A writer may not be responsible for what he writes.

D.A writer has hardly any freedom to show his feelings.

 (09·陜西B篇)

When people hear a president speak, they seldom think about others helping to shape the presentation（報(bào)告）. Today, however, presidents depend on writers such as J. Terry Edmonds to help them communicate （交流） effectively. Edmonds is the first African American ever to work as a full-time speechwriter for a U. S. president; he is so the first African American to serve as director of speechwriting for White House. His is an all-American story of success.

Edmonds grew up in Baltimore, Maryland; his father drove a truck, and his mother worked as a waitress. A. great reader, Edmonds showed a gift for writing at his high

School, Baltimore City College After graduating in 1967 Edmonds went on to Morgan State University

Edmonds began his career in business, with jobs in public relations and communications. He joined the world of politics as news secretary for his congressman （國會議員） from Baltimore During Bill Clinton’s presidency,  he wrote speeches for Health and Human Services  Secretary Donna Shalala and worked in a number of job in the White House and in governmental departments President Clinton then appointed （任命）himto the office of directory of speechwriting Following the 2000 elections Edmonds returnedto Morgan State University as the school’s special assistant to the president for 2001-2002

45. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

A. Edmonds proved himself to be good at writing at high school

B. Edmonds graduated from Morgan State University in 1967.

C. Edmonds was the first full-time speechwriter.

D. Edmonds served the White House after 2000.

46.Edmonds entered the world of politics first as         .        

A. news secretary for a Congressman

B. a speechwriter for President Clinton

C. news secretary in the White House

D. a speechwriter for Secretary Donna Shalala

47. The text is most likely to be found in a book about        .      

A. popular science                         B. historical events

C. successful people                       D, Political systems

 (09·寧夏、海南B篇)

Computer programmer David Jones earns $35.000 a year designing new computer games. yet he cannot find a bank ready to let him have a credit card（信用卡）Instead he has been told to wait another two years until he is 18. The 16-year-old works for a small firm in Liverpool where the problem of most young people of his age is finding a job David’s firm releases（推出）two new games for the fast growing computer market each month

But David’s biggest headache is what to do with his money. Even though he earns a lot he cannot drive a car take out a mortgage（抵押貸款）,or get credit cards David got his job with the Liverpool-based company four months ago ,a year after leaving school with six O-levels and working for a time in a computer shop. “I got the job because the people who run the firm knew I had already written some programs” he said David spends some of his money on records and clothes and gives his mother 50 pounds a week But most of his spare time is spent working.

“Unfortunately, computing was not part of our studies at school “ he said “But I had been studying it in books and magazines for four years in my spare time I knew what I wanted to do and never considered staying on at school Most people in this business are fairly young, anyway” David added :”I would like to earn a million and I suppose early retirement（退休）is a possibility You never know when the market might disappear.”

60．In what way is David different from people of his age?

A．He often goes out with friends

B．He lives with his mother

C．He has a handsome income

D．He graduated with six O-levels

61．What is one of the problems that David is facing now?

A．He is too young to get a credit card

B．He has no time to learn driving

C．He has very little spare time

D．He will soon lose his job

62．Why was David able to get the job in the company?

A．He had done well in all his exams

B．He had written some computer programs

C．He was good at playing computer games

D．He had learnt to use computers at school

63．Why did David decide to leave school and start working?

A．He received lots of job offers

B．He was eager to help his mother

C．He lost interest in school studies

D．He wanted to earn his own living

 (09·重慶B篇)

How to Be a Winner

　　Sir Steven Redgrave

　　Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals

　　“In 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes(糖尿病). Believing my career（職業(yè)生涯） was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was to no reason why I should stop training and competing. That was it -the encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner if I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isn’t difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to myself that I wasn't finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way.”

　　Karen Pickering

　　Swimming World Champion

 “I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary. This is the key to success-you can’t follow a career in any field without being well-organized. List what you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and you’ll be a step closer to achieving them.”

　　Kirsten Best

　　Poet & Writer

“When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I can’t achieve something. Then, there are other distractions, such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate. When I feel tense, it helps a lot to repeat words such as ‘calm’, ‘peace’ or ‘focus’, either out loud or silently in my mind. It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is a powerful psychological（心理的） tool”

　60. What does Sir Steven Redgrave mainly talk about?

　　A. Difficulties influenced his career.

　　B. Specialists offered him medical advice.

　　C. Training helped him defeat his disease.

　　D. He overcame the shadow of illness to win.

　61. What does Karen Pickering put on top of her diary?

　　A. Her training schedule.

　　B. Her daily happenings.

　　C. Her achievements.

　　D. Her sports career.

　62.What does the underlined word “distractions” probably refer to？

　　A. Ways that help one to focus.

　　B. Words that help one to feel less tense.

　　C. Activities that turn one's attention away.

　　D. Habits that make it hard for one to relax.

　63. According to the passage ,what do the three people have in common?

　　A. Courage.

　　B. Devotion.

　　C. Hard work.

　　D. Self-confidence.

 (09·浙江E篇)

Four people in England back in 1953, stared at Photo 51,It wasn’t much—a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed –the shape of DNA The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.

   Her name was Rosalind Franklin.”She should have been up there,” says historian Mary Bowden.” If her photos hadn’t been there, the others couldn’t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors

   At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King’s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule(分子). The rays produced patterns reflection the shape.

   But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant .But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.

What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to to go or be put in her place.”

As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson  and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin, Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that  “Franklin was only two steps away  from the solution.”

 No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of  DNA . She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the  “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.

57. What is the text mainly about?

   A. The disagreements among DNA researchers.

   B. The unfair treatment of Franklin.

   C. The process of discovering DNA.

   D. The race between two teams of scientists.

58. Watson was angry with Franklin because she     .

   A. took the lead in the competition         B. kept her results from him

   C. proved some of his findings wrong       D. shared her data with other scientists

59. Why is Franklin described as  “Dark Lady of DNA”?
   A. She developed pictures in dark labs.

   B. She discovered the  black X-the shape of DNA.

   C. Her name was forgotten after her death.

   D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.

60. What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick?
  A. Disapproving.     B. Respectful.        C.  Admiring.       D. Doubtful.

 (10·重慶B篇)

Love, success, happiness, family and freedom----how important are these values to you? Here is one interview which explores the fundamental questions in life.

Question: Could you introduce yourself first?

Answer: My name is Misbah, 27 years old. I was born in a war-torn area. Right now I’m a web designer.

Q: What are your great memories?

A: My parents used to take us to hunt birds, climb trees, and play in the fields. For me it was like a holiday because we were going to have fun all day long. Those are my great memories.

Q: Does your childhood mean a lot to you?

A: Yes. As life was very hard, I used to work to help bring money in for the family. I spent my childhood working, with responsibilities beyond my age. However, it taught me to deal with problems all alone. I learnt to be independent.

Q: What changes would you like to make in your life?

A: If I could change something in my life, I’d change it so that my childhood could have taken place in another area. I would have loved to live with my family in freedom. Who cares whether we have much money, or whether we have a beautiful house? It doesn’t matter as long as I can live with my family and we are safe.

Q: How do your get along with your parents?

A: My parents supported me until I came of age. I want to give back what I’ve got. That’s our way. But I am working in another city. My only contact with my parents now is through the phone, but I hate using it. It filters(過濾) out your emotion and leaves your voice only. My deepest feelings should be passed through sight, hearing and touch.

60. In Misbah’s childhood,      .

A. he was free from worry

B. he liked living in the countryside

C. he was fond of getting close to nature

D. he often spent holidays with his family

61. What did Misbah desire most in his childhood?

A. A colorful life.                      B. A beautiful house.

C. Peace and freedom.                  D. Money for his family.

62. How would Misbah prefer to communicate with his parents?

A. By chatting on the Internet.            B. By calling them sometimes.

C. By paying weekly visits.              D. By writing them letters.

63. If there were only one question left, what would it most probably be?

A. What was your childhood dream?

B. What is your biggest achievement?

C. What is your parents’ view of you?

D. What was your hardest experience in the war?

 (10·山東C篇)

Rae Armantrout, who has been a poetry professor at the University of California San Diego(UCSD) for two decades, has won the 2010 Pulitzer Prize in the poetry category for her most recent book, “Versed”.

“I’m delighted and amazed at how much media recognition that the Pulitzer brings, as compared to even the National Book Critics Award, which I was also surprised and delighted to win,” said Armantrout.

“For a long time, my writing has been just below the media radar, and to have this kind of attention, suddenly, with my 10th book, is really surprising.”

Armantrout, a native Californian, received her bachelor’s degree at UC Berkeley, where she studied with noted poet Denise Levertov, and her master’s in creative writing from San Francisco State University. She is a founding member of Language Poets, a group in American poetry that analyzes the way language is used and raises questions to make the reader think.

In March, she won the National Book Critics Circle Award for “Versed.”

“This book has gotten more attention,” Armantrout said, “but I don’t feel as if it’s better.”

The first half of “Versed” focuses on the dark forces taking hold of the United States as it fought the war against Iraq. The second half looks at the dark forces casting a shadow over her own life after Armantrout was diagnosed with cancer in 2006.

Armantrout was shocked to learn she had won the Pulitzer but many of her colleagues were not. “Rae Armantrout is a unique voice in American poetry,” said Seth Lerer, head of Arts and Humanities at UCSD.

“Versed”, published by the Wesleyan University Press, did appear in a larger printing than her earlier works, which is about 2,700 copies. The new edition is scheduled to appear in May.

66. According to Rae Armantrout, ____________.

A. her 10th book is much better                         

B. her winning the Pulitzer is unexpected

C. the media is surprised at her works                

D. she likes being recognized by her readers

67. Which of the following is true of Rae Armantrout?

A. She published a poetry textbook.

B. She used to teach Denise Levertov.

C. She started a poets’ group with others.

D. She taught creative writing at UC Berkeley.

68. What can we learn about “Versed”?

A. It consists of three parts.

B. It is mainly about the American army.

C. It is a book published two decades ago.

D. It partly concerns the poet’s own life.

69. Rae Armantrout’s colleagues think that she ____________.

A. should write more                                   B. has a sweet voice

C. deserves the prize                                   D. is a strange professor

70. What can we learn from the text?

A. About 2,700 copies of “Versed” will be printed.

B. Cancer made Armantrout stop writing.

C. Armantrout got her degrees at UCSD.

D. “Versed” has been awarded twice.

 (10·山東A篇)

Christopher Thomas, 27, was a writer by night and a teacher by day when he noticed he was always tired and was losing weight fast. Diagnosed with diabetes(糖尿病), Thomas would need to inject himself with insulin(胰島素) three times a day for the rest of his life or risk nerve damage, blindness, and even death. And if that weren't bad enough, he had no health insurance.

After a month of feeling upset, Thomas decided he'd better find a way to fight back. He left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic Rockstar, and created diabeticrockstar.com, a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones—a place where over 1,100 people share personal stories, information, and resources.
    Jason Swencki’s son, Kody, was diagnosed with type diabetes at six. Father and son visit the online children's forums(論壇) together most evenings. "Kody gets so excited, writing to kids from all over," says Swencki, one of the site's volunteers. "They know what he's going through, so he doesn't feel alone."

Kody is anything but alone: Diabetes is now the seventh leading cause of death in the United States, with 24 million diagnosed cases. And more people are being diagnosed at younger ages.
    These days, Thomas's main focus is his charity（慈善機(jī)構(gòu)）, Fight It, which provides medicines and supplies to people—225 to date—who can't afford a diabetic's huge expenses. Fight-it.org has raised about $23,000—in products and in cash. In May, Thomas will hold the first annual Diabetic Rockstar Festival in the Caribbean.
    Even with a staff of 22 volunteers, Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause, while still doing his full-time job waiting tables. "Of the diabetes charities out there, most are putting money into finding a cure," says Bentley Gubar,  one of Rockstar's original members. "But Christopher is the only person I know saying people need help now."
56. Which of the following is true of Christopher Thomas?

A.     He needs to go to the doctor every day.

B.     He studies the leading cause of diabetes

C.     He has a positive attitude to this disease.

D.     He encourages diabetics by writing articles.

57. Diabeitcrockstar.com was created for _________.

   A. diabetics to communicate          B. volunteers to find jobs

   C. children to amuse themselves       D. rock stars to share resources.

58. According to the text, Kody ______.

   A. feel lonely because of his illness

B. benefits from diabeticrockstar.com

C. helps create the online kid’s forums

D. writes children’s stories online

59. What can we learn about Fight It?

A. It helps the diabetics in financial difficulties.

B. It organizes parties for volunteer once a year.

C. It offers less expensive medicine to diabetics.

D. It owns a well-known medical website.

60. The last paragraph suggests that Thomas ______.

A. works full-time in a diabetes charity      B. employs 22 people for his website

C. helps diabetics in his own way           D. ties to find a cure for diabetes

 (10·全國Ⅱ B篇)

When you’re lying on the white sands of the Mexican Riviera, the stresses(壓力) of the world seem a million miles away. Hey, stop! This is no vacation-you have to finish something!

Here lies the problem for travel writer and tood critic(評論家),Edie Jarolim “I always loved traveling and always liked to eat, but it never occurred to me that I could make money doing both of those things,” Jarolim said. Now you can read her travel advice everywhere in Arts and Antiques, in Brides, or in one of her there books, The Complate Idiot’s Travel Guide to Mexican Beach Resarts.

……writing began some eight years ago. After getting a PhD in English in Canada, she took a Test Frommer’s travel guides, passed it, and got the job. After working at Frommer’s, Jarolim workedfor a while at Rough Guides in London, then Fodor’s, where she fell so in love with a description of the Southwest of the U.S. that she moved there.

Now as a travel writer, she spends one-third of her year on the road. The rest of the time is spent completing her tasks and writing reviews of restaurants at home in Tucson, Arigona.

As adventurous as the job sounds, the hard part is fact-checking all the information. Sure, it’s great to write about a tourist attraction, but you’d better get the local(當(dāng)?shù)氐?museum hours correct or you could really ruin someone’s vacation.

46. Which country does Jarolim live in now?

A．Mexico        B．The U.S.       C．The U.K.      D．Canada

47. What is most difficrlt for Jarolim?

A．Working in different places to collect information

B．Checking all the facts to be written in the guides

C．Finishing her work as soon as possible

D．Passing a test to write travel guides

48. What do we know about Jarllim from the text?

A．She is successful in her job

B．She finds her life full of stresses

 C．She spends half of her time traveling

D．She is especially interested in museums

49. What would be the best title for the text?

A．Adventures in Travel Writing

B．Working as a Food Critic

C．Travel Guides on the Market

D．Vacationing for a Living

 (10·湖南B篇)

When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951, her mother told her, "Be sure and take a typing course so when this show business thing doesn't work out, you'll have something to rely on." Mary responded in typical teenage fashion. From that moment on, "the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course," she recalls.

     The show business thing worked out, of course. In her career, Mary won many awards. Only recently, when she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her morn," I don't know how to use a computer," she admits.

     Unlike her 1995 autobiography, After All, her second book is less about life as an award-winning actress and more about living with diabetes (糖尿病). All the money from the book is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF), an organization she serves as international chairman. "I felt there was a need for a book like this," she says." I didn't want to lecture, but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better when we're self-controlled and do our part in managing the disease."

     But she hasn't always practiced what she teaches. In her book, she describes that awful day, almost 40 years ago, when she received two pieces of life-changing news. First, she had lost the baby she was carrying, and second, tests showed that she had diabetes. In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈). Years would pass before she realized she had to grow u p ---again---and take control of her diabetes, not let it control her. Only then did she kick her three-pack-a-day cigarette habit, overcome her addiction to alcohol, and begin to follow a balanced diet.

     Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of the dance floor, she refuses to fall into self-pity. "Everybody on earth can ask, 'why me?' about something or other," she insists. "It doesn't do any good. No one is immune (免疫的) to heartache, pain, and disappointments. Sometimes we can make things better by helping others. I've come to realize the importance of that as I've grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be."

61. Why did Mary feel regretful?

    A. She didn't achieve her ambition.

    B. She didn't take care of her mother.

C. She didn't complete her high school.

D. She didn't follow her mother's advice.                                                                           

62, We can know that before 1995 Mary        

    A. had two books published

B. received many career awards

C. knew how to use a computer

D. supported the JDRF by writing                                                                                     

 63. Mary's second book Growing Up Again is mainly about her         .

A. living with diabetes

    B. successful show business

C. service for an organization

D. remembrance of her mother                                                                                         

64. When Mary received the life-changing news, she         .

     A. lost control of herself                          B. began a balanced diet

C. Med to get a treatment                          D. behaved in an adult way                                

65. What can we know from the last paragraph?

     A. Mary feels pity for herself.

     B. Mary has recovered from her disease.

     C. Mary wants to help others as much as possible.

D. Mary determines to go back to the dance floor.