考點:運算定律與簡便運算
專題:運算定律及簡算
分析:(1)可根據(jù)一個數(shù)減兩個數(shù),等于用這個數(shù)減去這兩個數(shù)的和的減法性質(zhì)計算.
(2)(5)可根據(jù)一個數(shù)減兩個數(shù)的和,等于用這個數(shù)分別減去這兩個數(shù)的減法性質(zhì)計算.
(3)可根據(jù)加法交換律與結(jié)合律計算.
(4)可根據(jù)加法交換律與一個數(shù)減兩個數(shù),等于用這個數(shù)減去這兩個數(shù)的和的減法性質(zhì)計算.
(6)可根據(jù)一個數(shù)減兩個數(shù)的差,等于用這個數(shù)減去兩個數(shù)中的被減數(shù)加上減數(shù)的減法性質(zhì).
(7)可將2.99變?yōu)?-0.01后,再根據(jù)一個數(shù)減兩個數(shù)的差,等于用這個數(shù)減去兩個數(shù)中的被減數(shù)加上減數(shù)的減法性質(zhì)計算.
解答:
解:(1)12.8-4.9-5.1
=12.8-(4.9+5.1)
=12.8-10
=2.8;
(2)6.75-(0.9+3.75)
=6.75-3.75-0.9
=2.1;
(3)1.34+1.8+3.66+0.2
=(1.34+3.66)+(0.2+1.8)
=5+2
=7;
(4)0.96-0.28+0.04-0.72
=(0.96+0.04)-(0.28+0.72)
=1-1
=0;
(5)34.82-(4.82+15.2)
=34.82-4.82+15.2
=30+15.2
=45.2;
(6)3.28-(2.28-1.2)
=3.28-2.28+1.2
=1+1.2
=2.2;
(7)13.8-2.99
=13.8-(3-0.01)
=13.8-3+0.01
=13.8-3+0.01
=10.8+0.01
=10.81.
點評:完成本題要注意分析式中數(shù)據(jù)的特點,然后運用合適的方法計算.