已知m∈R,函數(shù)f(x)=(x2+mx+m)ex.
(1)若函數(shù)f(x)沒(méi)有零點(diǎn),求實(shí)數(shù)m的取值范圍;
(2)若函數(shù)f(x)存在極大值,并記為g(m),求g(m)的表達(dá)式;
(3)當(dāng)m=0時(shí),求證:f(x)≥x2+x3.
分析:(1)若函數(shù)沒(méi)有零點(diǎn),則對(duì)應(yīng)的方程(x2+mx+m)ex=0沒(méi)有實(shí)根,根據(jù)指數(shù)的性質(zhì),我們易將問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為二次方程根的個(gè)數(shù)判斷問(wèn)題,由此列出關(guān)于m的不等式,解不等式即可得到答案.
(2)求出函數(shù)的導(dǎo)函數(shù),由于其表達(dá)式中含有參數(shù)m,故可對(duì)m的取值進(jìn)行分類討論,綜合討論過(guò)程即可得到答案.
(3)當(dāng)m=0時(shí),f(x)=x2ex,構(gòu)造函數(shù)?(x)=ex-1-x,求出函數(shù)的導(dǎo)函數(shù)后,我們易判斷出函數(shù)的單調(diào)區(qū)間及最小值,若最小值大于等于0即可得到結(jié)論.
解答:解:(1)令f(x)=0,得(x
2+mx+m)•e
x=0,所以x
2+mx+m=0.
因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)f(x)沒(méi)有零點(diǎn),所以△=m
2-4m<0,所以0<m<4.(4分)
(2)f'(x)=(2x+m)e
x+(x
2+mx+m)e
x=(x+2)(x+m)e
x,
令f'(x)=0,得x=-2,或x=-m,
當(dāng)m>2時(shí),-m<-2.列出下表:
x |
(-∞,-m) |
-m |
(-m,-2) |
-2 |
(-2,+∞) |
f'(x) |
+ |
0 |
- |
0 |
+ |
f(x) |
↗ |
me-m |
↘ |
(4-m)e-2 |
↗ |
當(dāng)x=-m時(shí),f(x)取得極大值me
-m.(6分)
當(dāng)m=2時(shí),f'(x)=(x+2)
2e
x≥0,f(x)在R上為增函數(shù),
所以f(x)無(wú)極大值.(7分)
當(dāng)m<2時(shí),-m>-2.列出下表:
x |
(-∞,-2) |
-2 |
(-2,-m) |
-m |
(-m,+∞) |
f'(x) |
+ |
0 |
- |
0 |
+ |
f(x) |
↗ |
(4-m)e-2 |
↘ |
me-m |
↗ |
當(dāng)x=-2時(shí),f(x)取得極大值(4-m)e
-2,(9分)
所以
g(m)=(10分)
(3)當(dāng)m=0時(shí),f(x)=x
2e
x,令?(x)=e
x-1-x,則?'(x)=e
x-1,
當(dāng)x>0時(shí),φ'(x)>0,φ(x)為增函數(shù);當(dāng)x<0時(shí),φ'(x)<0,φ(x)為減函數(shù),
所以當(dāng)x=0時(shí),φ(x)取得最小值0.(13分)
所以φ(x)≥φ(0)=0,e
x-1-x≥0,所以e
x≥1+x,
因此x
2e
x≥x
2+x
3,即f(x)≥x
2+x
3.(16分)
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是利用導(dǎo)數(shù)研究函數(shù)的單調(diào)性,利用函數(shù)研究函數(shù)的極值,其中根據(jù)已知函數(shù)的解析式,求出函數(shù)的導(dǎo)函數(shù)是解答此類問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵.