Question

【題目】任務(wù)型閱讀

請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意：每空一個單詞。

Why Blue LED Lights Won the Nobel

The 2014 Nobel Prize in physics went to three scientists who gave lighting a big change by inventing blue LED lights. A big change in lighting efficiency is under way around the world.

Save and green

LEDs use less energy than other forms of lighting. A typical LED bulb(燈泡) can produce around 83 lumens per watt — a measure of how much brightness you can get from a unit of electrical power — much more efficient than other lighting facilities.

LEDs produce light by passing electric current through a semiconductor, while traditional bulbs pass current through a wire. The wasted heat energy is chiefly why traditional bulbs are so much less efficient.

LEDs also last about 30 times longer than traditional bulbs, and many LED bulb products promise up to 25,000 hours of use — more than 17 years if you used one for about four hours a day.

Lighting the world

The lighting transformation is not only in homes. LEDs are also being used for street lights, public holiday and decorative displays, commercial buildings, and other large energy users.

Car lighting is another application where LEDs are making progress. LEDs used to be used only for daytime running lights, but now many new cars have LED headlights for night-time use.

LEDs also hold promise for bringing light to the more than 1.5 billion people around the world without access to electricity, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences noted. Indeed, several proposed solutions to energy poverty include the distribution of LED lights, particularly solar-powered ones.

Digital displays

Without blue LEDs, the world wouldn’t have back-lit smart phones, TV and computer LCD screens, blu-ray(藍(lán)光) players, many forms of lighting, and countless other products.

In the electronics industry, LEDs provide back lighting for LCD screens in many smart phones, laptops, and televisions. The LEDs are more energy efficient and allow for very thin displays.

Blu-ray players use blue LED lasers(激光) to read data off a digital optical disc. When these systems switched from using an infrared(紅外線) laser to a blue LED laser, it became possible to store five to 10 times as much data.

LEDs are now being explored for their potential uses to transmit(傳送) data from the Internet across open space, similar to WiFi. Such a system could transmit a lot more data than WiFi alone. This high bandwidth is possible because LEDs can turn on and off millions of times per second.

The rise of LED lighting came at a time when people were just starting to be concerned about global warming. Because of LEDs’ energy efficiency, using them for the world’s lighting would affect environmental protection in a positive way.

Why Blue LED Lights Won the Nobel

The reason why blue LED lights won the 2014 Nobel Prize in physics is that they are to 【1】______ in big changes in lighting.
Save and green	【2】_______ with other forms of lighting, LEDs are much more efficient because of the different ways they pass electric current. What’s more, LED bulbs can be 【3】_______ 30 times longer than traditional bulbs.
Lighting the world	【4】_______ from household applications of LED bulbs, they can also be used as street lights and car headlights.
	Because of their high efficiency, LEDs, especially solar-powered ones, 【5】_______ to light areas without access to electricity.
Digital displays	Many smart phones, laptops and televisions use LEDs to back-light their LCD【6】_______.
	By using blue LED lasers, blu-ray players are likely to store 【7】________ data.
	People are now exploring more 【8】_______ uses of LEDs such as transmitting data.
【9】_______	LED lighting will have a positive 【10】________ on environmental protection.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】result

【2】Compared

【3】used

【4】Apart/Aside

【5】promise

【6】screens

【7】more

【8】potential

【9】Conclusion

【10】impact/influence/effect

【解析】

試題分析：本文作者講述了一篇關(guān)于led燈的說明文，并介紹了它獲得諾貝爾獎的原因。

【1】result 考查信息轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)文章的第一句話The 2014 Nobel Prize in physics went to three scientists who gave lighting a big change by inventing blue LED lights 2014年的諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎頒發(fā)給了三個發(fā)明LED燈從而改變了照明的科學(xué)家�？梢灾�道這三個科學(xué)家發(fā)明了LED等從而改變了照明，結(jié)合題意，可以推測出該空的意思是導(dǎo)致，result in導(dǎo)致、帶來故填result。

【2】Compared考查信息轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)文章Save and Green部分的LEDs use less energy than other forms of lighting LEDs和其他形式的燈相比使用更少的能量。根據(jù)空后的with判斷此處“和……相比”compare with，故填Compared。

【3】used考查信息轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)Save and green 部分的LEDs also last about 30 times longer than traditional bulbsLEDs燈泡比傳統(tǒng)燈泡能持續(xù)大約30倍的時間。故填used。

【4】Apart/Aside考查信息轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)文章第五段The lighting application is not only in homes. LEDs are also being used for street lights, public holiday and decorative displays, commercial buildings, and other large energy users.照明不止應(yīng)用在家，LED還可以用于街燈，公共節(jié)日和裝飾性展覽、商業(yè)寫字樓和其他大型的能量使用。可以知道這個空指的是除……之外，故用Apart/Aside。

【5】promise考查信息提取題。根據(jù)文章第六段第一句LEDs also hold promise for bringing light to the more than 1.5 billion people around the world without access to electricity, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences noted. LED燈具有希望給世界上超過15億無法用電的人口帶來光明，瑞典皇家科學(xué)院說。故填promise。

【6】screens考查信息提取題。第八段第一句Without blue LEDs, the world wouldn’t have back-lit smart phones, TV and computer LCD screens,沒有LED藍(lán)光技術(shù)，世界不會產(chǎn)生背光智能手機(jī)、電視和電腦LCD屏幕，故填screens。

【7】more考查信息提取題。根據(jù)文章第十段第二句When these systems switched from using an infrared(紅外線) laser to a blue LED laser, it became possible to store five to 10 times as much data.當(dāng)這些系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)由紅外線激光轉(zhuǎn)化成藍(lán)色LED激光，它就能存上5-10倍多的數(shù)據(jù)。故填more。

【8】potential考查信息提取題。are now being explored for their potential to transmit(傳送) data from the Internet across open space, similar to WiFi. LED現(xiàn)在正在被開發(fā)和wifi相似的，從網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳遞數(shù)據(jù)的潛力。故填potential。

【9】Conclusion考查信息總結(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的Because of LEDs’ energy efficiency, using them for the world’s lighting would affect environmental protection in a positive way. 因?yàn)長ED的結(jié)冷，使用它們?yōu)槭澜缯彰鲗�會對社會產(chǎn)生極大的影響。這是本文所得出的最后結(jié)論，故填Conclusion。

【10】impact/influence/effect考查信息提取題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Because of LEDs’ energy efficiency, using them for the world’s lighting would have “an extreme impact” on society.因?yàn)長ED的結(jié)冷，使用它們?yōu)槭澜缯彰鲗�會對社會產(chǎn)生極大的影響。故填impact/influence/effect。