Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot. When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back.. Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means.
Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away. For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines (刺) that discourage grass-eating animals. Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches. This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.
Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat. Some grasses may contain a sandy material; eating such grasses wears down the animal's teeth.
Many plants also have chemical defenses. Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction. Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals. When a caterpillar (毛蟲) bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine. The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.
Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China, for
instance, has prickly (多刺的) leaves, and each prickle contains poisonous venom (毒液) A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future.
小題1:The holly plant has more spines on the lower leaves because most animals________.
A．a(chǎn)re not tall enoughB．like the lower leaves only
C．a(chǎn)re not clever enoughD．can get the lower leaves easily
小題2:To defend themselves, oak trees use________.
A．chemical meansB．physical means
C．bitter chemicalsD．sandy materials
小題3:How does tobacco protect itself against an attack from a caterpillar?
A．Its leaves fight against the attack by physical means.
B．Its roots send a messenger to discourage the caterpillar.
C．Its roots increase the production of nicotine when it is attacked.
D．Its leaves produce poisonous sand to drive the caterpillar away.
小題4:What would be the best title for this passage?
A．Plants and AnimalsB．How Plants Defend Themselves
C．Attacks and DefensesD．How Animals Eat Plant Leaves

小題1:D
小題2:B
小題3:C
小題4:B

小題1:考查考生對因果關(guān)系的認定能力。文章第二段This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.提供答案。
小題2:考查考生對短文中細節(jié)的識辨能力。答案在文章第三段。
小題3:考查考生對短文中細節(jié)的識辨能力。答案在文章第四段This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine. The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.
小題4:考查考生擬定標題的能力。文章第一段總領(lǐng)全文，介紹了植物是如何進行自我保護的。
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Notes:
① benchmark  n. 基準
② correlate  v. 聯(lián)系
③ likelihood  n. 可能性
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A.        B.
C.      D.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When a group of children politely stop a conversation with you, saying: “We have to go to work now,” you’re left feeling surprised and certainly uneasy. After all, this is the 1990s and the idea of children working is just unthinkable. That is, until you are told that they are all pupils of stage schools, and that the “work” they go off to is to go on the stage in a theatre.
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　　A visit to such schools will leave you in no doubt that the children enjoy themselves. After all, what lively children wouldn’t settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work, and acting, singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?
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　小題1:People would stop feeling uneasy when realizing that the children they’re talking to________.
　　 
A．a(chǎn)ttend a stage school　　　　B．a(chǎn)re going to the theatre
　　		C．have got some work to do 　　D．love singing and dancing
　　小題2: In the writer’s opinion, a good stage school should ________.
　　 
A．produce star performers
　　		B．help pupils improve their study skills
　　		C．train pupils in language and performing arts
　　		D．provide a general education and stage training.
　小題3:“Professional work” as used in the text means ________.
　　 
A．ordinary school work　　　　　B．money-making performances
　　		C．stage training at school 　　D．a(chǎn)cting, singing or dancing after class
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A．He thinks highly of what they have to offer.　　　　
　　		B．He favours an early start in the training of performing arts.
　　		C．He feels uncomfortable about children putting on night shows.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It is difficult for parents of nearly every family to teach their children to be responsible for housework, but with one of the following suggestions, you really can get your children to help at home.
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Learning is a process （過程）of trying and failing and trying and succeeding. If you teach your children not to fear a mistake of failure, they will learn faster and achieve success at last.
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2.Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?
The process of learning is full of trying and failing ,and after trying again and again ,one will succeed.
3.Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.(within ten words)
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5.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.

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