8.There are always minorities,either people or enterprises,that have absolute advantage(絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì))in a field; the majority apply their comparative advantage(相對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)) to professions where they do their best to be effective players.Based on comparative advantage,different divisions are formed as international trade and the globalized economy develop.
Oranges are flourishing in Florida in the United States,for example,shoes are made perfectly in Wenzhou of China,and people in both areas need oranges and shoes.In Wenzhou,one could try to create an artificial environment for orange trees of an international standard,and in Florida workers could be trained to make shoes as effectively as workers in Wenzhou using the same resources.However,the costs would be too high.The best solution,therefore,is to allow each location to specialize in its own product,producing enough to meet local needs and exporting the rest.As a result,people in both areas end up with lower cost and higher quality goods than if each tried to produce both.It is obvious that absolute advantage occurs in this process.
However,absolute advantage may not necessarily apply everywhere.For instance,I know a capable company boss,who is also an expert in private cars and very skillful at changing car oil,even more efficiently than a mechanic,But,almost every time he drives his car to a garage to have the oil changed by a mechanic since he believes he can use the time to do something more valuable.What he uses here is his comparative advantage rather than absolute advantage.
The same theory may also apply to individual careers.You may not be the best in a certain area,but still have a comparative advantage,which will not be reduced in relation to others'absolute advantage,and you can still find an advantaged position in which your disadvantage is smaller relative to others.
An ordinary talent can,therefore,achieve outstanding results by rightfully exploring his or her comparative advantage.In this sense,we may say that comparative advantage really works.

72.From the example about orange in Florida and shoes in Wenzhou,we can draw the conclusion thatC.
A.the field in Wenzhou can be improved to grow oranges.
B.Florida workers could be trained to make shoes.
C.we should fully use our absolute advantage in our advantaged field.
D.our comparative advantage is equal to our absolute one as to making fortunes.
73.Why doesn't the capable company boss change his car oil himself?C
A.The mechanic is more efficient than him.
B.He needn't do it by himself for his riches..
C.He would rather do something more valuable.
D.Changing oil is beyond his ability.
74.Which of the following is right according to paragraph 4.?D
A.You should use your absolute advantage in your work definitely.
B.You must work hard to improve your absolute advantage to be the best worker.
C.If other's absolute advantage is larger,your comparative advantage is smaller.
D.Sometimes you may still use your comparative advantage to find your advantaged position.
75.This article can be entitled"A".
A.The Advantage of Comparative Advantage.
B.The Advantage of Absolute Advantage
C.Absolute Advantage-the secret to make different talents
D.Comparative Advantage-the way to achieve outstanding results.

分析 作者舉例說(shuō)明充分利用自己在各自領(lǐng)域的優(yōu)勢(shì)才可以用最低的成本獲得最高的質(zhì)量.

解答 CCDA
72   C   主旨題.由第二段最后三句可知,作者舉例是為了說(shuō)明充分利用自己在各自領(lǐng)域的優(yōu)勢(shì)才可以用最低的成本獲得最高的質(zhì)量,所以要充分利用絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì).故正確答案為C.
73  C   細(xì)節(jié)題. 由"he believes he can use the time to do something more valuable"可知他更愿意做一些更有價(jià)值的事.故正確答案為C.
74   D  主旨題.根據(jù)"You…still have a comparative advantage…and you can still find an advantaged position in which your disadvantage is smaller relative to others."可知你可以用比對(duì)出來(lái)的優(yōu)勢(shì)去找到你比較優(yōu)勢(shì)的崗位,正確答案為D.
75   A   主旨題.由最后一句"In this sense,we may say that comparative advantage really works."可知,本文主要是在說(shuō)比較優(yōu)勢(shì)(Comparative Advantage)的好處,而非絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)(Absolute Advantage).故正確答案為A.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

20.Children who spend more time outdoors may have a lower risk of becoming nearsighted,new research suggests.
In the study,researchers looked at about 1,900schoolchildren.The scientists found that the kids who had been instructed to spend more time outdoors over three years were 23percent less likely to develop nearsightedness during this time than those who had not been instructed to spend more time outdoors.Moreover,among the kids who did become nearsighted during the study,the degree to which their eyesight worsened was slightly smaller among those who spent more time outdoors.
The researchers selected six schools and required the children,whose average age was 7at the start of the study,to attend one additional 60-minute class of outdoor activities during each school day for three years.The parents of these children were also encouraged to engage their children in outdoor activities after school,especially during weekends and holidays.The other half of the children,from another six schools,continued their usual activity patterns.After three years,30.4percent of the kids in the intervention group (干預(yù)組) had become nearsighted,compared with 38.5percent of the kids in the other group.
It is not clear exactly why spending more time outside would benefit children's eyesight,the researchers said.However,some research has suggested that the higher levels of light intensity found outdoors may increase the release of the chemical dopamine (多巴胺) of the eye.In turn,dopamine is known to restrain the type of growth in the eye that is associated with nearsightedness.
Based on the new results,the researchers recommend that children spend more time outdoors because of the potential benefits of their eyesight.However,it's important to protect kids'skin and eyes from UV(紫外的) light,which can be damaging.

32.What did the children in the intervention group do during each school day?A
A.Attend an extra class of outdoor activities.
B.Continue to do their usual activities.
C.Spend one hour in doing eye exercises.
D.Participate in outdoor activities with parents.
33.What can be inferred about the chemical dopamine?C
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B.It can damage people's brain.
C.It is beneficial to eyesight.
D.It means low levels of light intensity.
34.What may be discussed in the following paragraph?C
A.How to design outdoor activities for kids.
B.How to prevent kids becoming nearsighted.
C.How to protect kids'skin and eyes from UV light.
D.How to encourage kids to join in outdoor activities.
35.What can be a suitable title for the text?B
A.The More Time Outdoors,the Better
B.Kids May See Better if They Play Outside
C.It's Time to Engage Kids in Outdoor Activities
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

19.Men and women are still treated unequally in the workplace.Women continue to earn less,on average,for the same performance,and they remain underrepresented in top jobs.Research has shown that both conscious and subconscious biases (偏見) contribute to this problem.But we've discovered another,subtler source of inequality:Women often don't get what they want and deserve because they don't ask for it.In three separate studies,we found that men are more likely than women to negotiate for what they want.This can be costly for companies-and it requires management intervention.
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74.Which of the following statements is not true?D 
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

16.Your Car Is Ready for Take-off
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60.We know from the passage that the flying carD
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

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C.They will go on walking.
D.They will laugh at him.
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A.I'm not the very capable person.
B.It looks like we should do something.
C.No one else is concerned.
D.He doesn't really need my help.
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A.go directly to the police station
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

20.Would you eat a ready meal from the fridge rather than cook by yourself?Have you been doing Internet shopping rather than going to the stores?What can't you be bothered to do?
A study into how lazy British people are has found more than half of adults prefer to catch the lift rather than climb two flights of stairs.
Just over 2000people were quizzed by independent researchers at Nuffield Health,Britain's largest health charity.The results were very astonishing.
About one in six people surveyed (調(diào)查) said if their remote control was broken,they would continue watching the same channel rather than get up.
More than one third of those questioned said they would not run to catch a bus.Worryingly,of the 654respondents with children,64% said they were often too tired to play with them.
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Dr Sarah Dauncey,medical director of Nuffield Health,said;"People need to get fitter,not only for themselves but also for their families,friends and evidently their pets.If we don't start to take control of this problem,a whole generation will become too unfit to perform even the most basics of tasks."
And Scotland's largest city,Glasgow,was ashamed as the most lazy city in the UK,with 75% surveyed admitting they do not get enough exercise,followed closely by Birmingham and Southampton,both with 67%.
The results cause serious challenges for the National Health Service,where obesity-related illnesses such as heart disease and cancer have been on a steady increase for the past 40years and are costing billions of pounds every year.

68.From the passage we can learn thatA.
A.Birmingham is second to Glasgow in laziness
B.half of the parents don't care enough for children
C.one in six people in the UK don't take exercise
D.British people are more lazy than those in other countries
69.The report suggests that some pre-school children in the UK are obese becauseD
A.they have a big appetite
B.they have a sweet tooth
C.their parents often work too hard
D.their parents seldom play with them
70.According to the passage,overweight mightA.
A.contribute to heart disease
B.result from some heart attack
C.be common in developed areas
D.not be controlled in a short time.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

17.New research shows that sheep are clever
People often make jokes about how dull sheep are,but new research shows they may be cleverer than we think.Researchers at the University of Cambridge discovered that Welsh mountain sheep have brainpower that equals rodents (嚙齒動(dòng)物).Tests found that the sheep can map the area they live in,and some may even be able to plan ahead.
Young fish prefer noisy neighbors
A new study has shown that young fish like to live on reefs with noisy neighbors!Researchers from the universities of Auckland and Bristol found that young fish looking for a home choose areas where other noisy fish live.The scientists produced all kinds of sounds which had been recorded in different natural environments.The young fish seemed to prefer the sounds of natural reefs,complete with noisy animals!The scientists compared the choice to a music fan wandering around at a music festival,choosing to set up a tent closest to the music they like best!
Butterflies are disappearing
A new study has shown that 17species of butterflies found in Europe have dropped by 70% in the last 20years.The information collected from 3,000sites across 15countries shows it may be caused by the loss of grasslands covered with flowers.You can encourage butterflies to come into your garden by planting flowers.

21.According to the first paragraph,we may infer that sheepB.
A.a(chǎn)re less clever than rodents 
B.can find their home
C.can read maps                  
D.a(chǎn)re good planners
22.When young fish are looking for a home,they like toA.
A.live in a noisy environment 
B.live in areas close to their parents
C.choose the reefs which are quiet
D.choose otherkinds of fish as neighbors
23.Which seems to have to do with the number of butterflies?C
A.The species of grass in grasslands.
B.The species of trees in grasslands.
C.The number of flowers in grasslands.
D.The number of animals in grasslands.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解

18.If you want to pay a visit to Iceland,you'll enter a whole new region of experience.You'll discover original nature as you've never seen it before.The freedom to wander in the city or the wilds as you please is the key to the Iceland experience.
Reykjavik,the capital of Iceland,is just a part of the Icelandic experience with its midnight sun or the magical landscapes mixed with ice and fire.Reykjavik has a population of around 170,000and offers an interesting mix of culture and local village roots.
Old accounts say the ancient gods themselves guided Iceland's first settler to make his home in Reykjavik.He named the place Reykjavik (Steamy Bay)after the geothermal(地?zé)幔﹕team he saw,which today heats homes and outdoor swimming pools throughout the city,a pollution-free energy source that leaves the air very fresh,clean and clear.
A beautiful river runs through the city limits,and so do fine parks and even wild outdoor areas.Against this backcloth(背景)of nature,Reykjavik has a packed program of familiar city joys too:art museums,several theaters,an opera house,a symphony orchestra and concerts meeting the needs of all ages and tastes.
One must for all visitors is dining out on Icelandic specialties,including delicious seafood,ocean-fresh from the morning's catch,highland lamb and unusual varieties of game.Its purely natural food is imaginatively served to delight the most discerning(內(nèi)行的)of diners.Reykjavik is also famous as one of Europe's hottest nightspots,where the action on the friendly pub and nightlife scene lasts right through the night.In the evening,the downtown area is filled with activity,reaching its peak on Friday or Saturday.The number of pubs,café,discos,and other nightspots in the downtown area is astonishing.There is a rich variety of places to go:European-style cafes,nightclubs with live entertainment,dance halls for seniors,sports-theme pubs with big TV screens,cafes that offer over 100types of beer,an Irish pub,a Spanish café,a French wine bar.
Walking distances are short downtown,and everything worth seeing outside the city center can be quickly and conveniently reached by bus.With its long,easy-going main street and large shopping mall,Iceland's capital is a great place to shop too-with a bonus of tax-free shopping for visitors!
A full range of accommodations is available in Reykjavik,from international-standard hotels with good conference facilities,through smaller hotels and comfortable guesthouses,to a campsite in the city's biggest park.
24.It can be learned from the passage the ReykiavikB.
A.was named by the ancient gods.
B.was named by Iceland's first settler.
C.got its name from the visitors.
D.was named after Iceland's first settler.
25.Which of the following subjects are mentioned in the fifth paragraph?C
A.Shopping and accommodations.
B.City joys and backcloth of nature.
C.Dining and nightspots.
D.Transportation and landscapes.
26.It can be inferred from the passage thatA.
A.people living in Reykiavik seldom get heat from coal.
B.hotels are so rare that visitors usually camp in the city's biggest parks.
C.a(chǎn)ll visitors must dine out while visiting Iceland.
D.you have to walk a short distance if you want to go sightseeing outside the city.

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