Almost everyone suffers from a headache sometimes.But some people suffer from repeated, frequent headaches.
What is headache? What causes it? What can be done about a headache? What research is being done on headaches?
The dictionary defines(下定義) headache simply as “a pain in the head.” What most people mean by headache is a pain which lasts several minutes or hours.It covers the whole head, or one side of it, or perhaps the front or the back of the head.To add to the confusion(困惑) about a definition, some people call tight feeling in the head a headache.
A headache is important because it can be the first warning of a serious condition which probably could be controlled if discovered early.If a person removes the warning, day after day, with a pain-killer, he may pass the point of easy control.
The professional name for covering up a symptom(癥狀) is “masking” (遮蔽).A headache specialist once said, “Masking symptoms is not the best way of treatment.” He compared taking a pain-killer for a headache before a cause is known with taking iron pills for anemia(貧血癥) while bleeding continues undiscovered.He added, “Sometimes it is wiser to stand still than to advance in darkness.”
A headache is important also because it affects normal, happy living.The employee with a headache does less work.In a flash of temper he may upset his fellow workers or customers, causing a direct or indirect loss to his organization.The mother with a headache suffers and disturbs the family.She upsets her husband and children.
小題1:Which is true according to the passage?
A．Headache has no effect on others.
B．Headache may cover the whole body.
C．Headache may last several minutes or hours.
D．Headache is just the tight feeling in the head.
小題2:The sentence underlined in Paragraph 5 means ______.
A．you should not advance in darkness whatever happens
B．you’d better do nothing before you know how to deal with it
C．you’d better still stand there without moving when it is dark at night
D．you should take some pain-killers for your headache if you want to cover it up
小題3:What may the writer talk about in the following paragraph?
A．Treatments of headachesB．The definition of headaches
C．Symptom of headachesD．Bad effects of a headache
小題4:The passage mainly tells us______.
A．the reason of headache
B．headache and its effect
C．everyone suffers from a headache
D．a(chǎn) headache is a symptom of something serious

小題1:C
小題2:B
小題3:A
小題4:B

試題分析：本文主要講述的是頭痛病的概念和癥狀，以及頭痛病對人的影響。
小題1:C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第3段第二句What most people mean by headache is a pain which lasts several minutes or hours.可知C正確。
小題2:B 推理題。根據(jù)本句He compared taking a pain-killer for a headache before a cause is known with taking iron pills for anemia(貧血癥) while bleeding continues undiscovered.He added, “Sometimes it is wiser to stand still than to advance in darkness.”
可知有些人使用止痛藥來治療頭痛，事實證明這樣的做法是不夠明智的，明智的做法是忍著，不去治療。故B項正確。
小題3:A 推理題。本文主要講述的是頭痛的概念和癥狀，接下來要講得應(yīng)該就是如何對頭痛病進(jìn)行治療。故啊正確。
小題4:B 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段和最后一段可知本文主要講述的就是頭痛病的概念和對人的影響。故B正確。
點評：本文主要講述的是頭痛病的概念和癥狀，以及頭痛病對人的影響。要求考生在閱讀理解整體語篇的基礎(chǔ)上，把握文章的真正內(nèi)涵。要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索，這是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ);要對文字的表面信息進(jìn)行挖掘加工，由表入里，由淺入深，從具體到抽象，從非凡到一般，通過分析、綜合、判定等，進(jìn)行深層處理，符合邏輯地推理。不能就是論事，斷章取義，以偏概全。要忠實于原文，以文章提供的事實和線索為依據(jù)。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

More than 200 scientists have completed a two­year study to identify the most natural and undeveloped areas on Earth. Their findings are reported in a new book called Wilderness：Earth’s Last Wild Places. The book describes 37 wilderness areas around the world. Each has an area greater than 10,000 square kilometers. The study considered only areas where at least 70% of all plants are native.
North and South America are home to the largest number of wilderness areas. There are 16 such areas, from southern Argentina to Alaska and northern Canada. Africa has 8 wilderness areas, including the thick forests and the grasslands. Australia and New Guinea (幾內(nèi)亞) share 6 areas. Europe has 3 areas and Asia has 2.The Arabian Desert and Antarctica also are considered wilderness areas.
The largest wilderness area is the Boreal Forest (北方森林)．It extends for 16­million square kilometers south of the Arctic Circle. The Boreal Forest extends across Alaska, Canada, northern Europe and Russia. The smallest of the 37 wilderness areas is the Sundarbans. It is the world’s largest tidal mangrove forest (紅樹林)．It covers 10,000 square kilometers of land at the mouth of the Ganges River in India and Bangladesh (孟加拉國)．
The study found that wilderness areas cover about 46% of the Earth’s land surface. However, they are home to less than 2.5% of the world’s population. Nineteen of the wilderness areas have only about one person for each square kilometer. Native people usually live in these areas.
Wilderness areas help to influence the world’s weather systems and rainfall. They are also home to many plants and animals. Population growth and the spread of agriculture and mining operations threaten wilderness areas. But just 7% of all such areas have some form of official protection.
小題1:What does the author think of the wilderness areas around the world in the book?
A．Unwanted.B．Long-lasting.C．ValuableD．Perfect.
小題2:The writer describes the wilderness areas to show that they ________.
A．a(chǎn)re worth the public supportB．can attract readers’ attention
C．need to be stressed as resourcesD．a(chǎn)re seen on every continent
小題3:According to the 4th paragraph, we can draw a conclusion that the 37 wilderness areas are ________.
A．desertedB．crowdedC．uncontrolledD．undeveloped
小題4:As the result of the effect on nature, the wilderness areas on Earth should be ________.
A．thought more of by the governmentsB．explored as natural habitats very soon
C．further made full use of at presentD．discovered for their advantages of nature
小題5:The purpose of writing this text is to tell us ________of the wilderness areas around the world.
A．the importanceB．the situationC．the developmentD．the environment

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

B
HIGHFIELD COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL
SCHOOL REPORT
Form Teacher: G. Baker            Pupil’s Name:  Simon Watkins
Term:        Summer 2010            Form:        Ⅳ B
Subject
Exam
Class work
Comments
English
59
61
Simon has reached a satisfactory standard but now needs to apply himself with more determination.
Mathematics
77
85
Sound work and progress throughout the year. Well done!
History
46
53
A disappointing exam result. He is unable to give attention to this subject for long.
Chemistry
78
85
His obvious ability in the subject was not fully reflected in his exam work, but I have high hopes for him nevertheless.
Physics
86
94
An excellent term’s performance. He goes from strength to strength. A born scientist, I feel.
Biology
57
60
This time next year he will be taking the “0” exam. He needs to concentrate on the work, not on class conversation.
French
41
46
Clearly he didn’t bother to revise. His general attitude is far too casual.
Physical
Education
/
31
Weak. It’s time he exercised his body more and his voice less. He should try to work with a team.
FORM TEACHER’S REMARKS                                       HEADMASTER
Basically satisfactory work and progress               I shall be keeping an eye on his
though he will now have realized, I hope, that          progress in his weaker subjects
in certain subject areas he needs to make speedy     though his success in the
improvement.                               science is most pleasing.
小題1:According to the comments of the Physical Education teacher, Simon _____.
A．is too talkative in the class
B．likes to work with his classmates
C．doesn’t exercise his body at the right time
D．becomes weak because he doesn’t exercise at all
小題2: Which of Simon’s subjects will attract the headmaster’s attention in future?
A．Biology and Maths.B．History and French.
C．English and Chemistry.D．Physics and Physical Education.
小題3:Which of the following statements best describes Simon?
A．He has made great progress in language classes.
B．His potential has been fully reflected in science classes.
C．His grade in maths makes him a born scientist.
D．He needs to improve his attitude on certain subjects.
小題4:Based on the school report, which of the following statements is true?
A．Simon didn’t bother his teacher to revise French.
B．Basically, Simon did a good job in science.
C．Simon is a determined learner in English.
D．Simon is able to pay attention to history for long.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate, you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other senses when you choose your food. You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. Different animals use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.
Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda eats only one particular type of bamboo(竹子) . Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly(蝴蝶) will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have a more varied(多樣化) diet . The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.
Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.
小題1:We can infer from the text that humans and animals _________.
A．depend on one sense in choosing food
B．a(chǎn)re not satisfied with their food
C．choose food in similar ways
D．eat entirely different food
小題2:Which of the following eats only one type of food?
A．The white butterfly.B．The small bird.
C．The bear. D．The fox.
小題3:Certain animals change their choice of food when ___________.
A．the season changes
B．the food color changes
C．they move to different places
D．they are attracted by different smells

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

For some reason, it takes constant reminders that we primates（靈長目）need nurturing.
In a recent study of 46 baby chimpanzee（黑猩猩）orphans, Kim Bard of the University of Portsmouth in England and her colleagues demonstrated that primate babies that have tight relationships with mother figures do much better on cognitive（認(rèn)知）tests than babies who receive only food, shelter, and friendship with peers. But this is not breaking mews. In fact, it’s old news.
In the 1950s, Harry Harlow conducted a series of experiments with baby monkeys that showed, without doubt, that lack of love and comfort makes for a crazy monkey.
Harlow constructed a cage that included a wire monkey “mother” topped with a plastic face. In this wire he fixed Mom with a milk bottle. The cage also held another wire mother covered with terry cloth. The baby monkeys spent all their time with the cloth mother and only went to the wire mother to feed, demonstrating that a soft touch beat something to eat any day.
Harlow’s monkey work was important because, at the time, child care “experts” and everybody’s grandmother had a “no touch, no comfort” policy toward children. They advised parents not to respond to crying babies, felt babies should sleep alone to grow up independent, and for God’s sake put those kids down. But Harlow’s work changed all that. Mothers were soon permitted to have their newborns next to them in the hospital.
The current chimp research based on Harlow’s work shows that mother love not only makes for a psychologically well-adjusted child, but also makes for a smart kid. Bard and her colleagues evaluated the abilities of the chimps when they were 12 months old with standard human tests for children of that age, tests that ask little kids to imitate some action.
The highly raised chimps did better than the ones that were not loved, and what do you know, the well-raised chimps did even better than human kids on this small IQ test.
So we hear it once again. We are primates, social animals which need care and love. We need to be held and talked to and made to feel that at least one person wants to be with us all the time. And if we get that kind of connection, we are sure to be fine, even better than fine.
小題1:The study Kim Bard and his colleagues did ______.
A．included 46 baby and mother monkeys
B．was nothing new to people about the findings
C．showed that many chimpanzees lacked love when they were young
D．showed that many chimpanzees had good relationships with their mothers
小題2:Why was Harlow’s monkey work important?
A．Because the “no touch, no comfort” policy toward children was quite right.
B．Because parents were advised not to respond to babies’ crying.
C．Because Harlow’s work changed people’s former belief in child care.
D．Because mothers were not allowed to have their newborns next to them in the hospital.
小題3:Harlow built two “mothers” for baby monkeys to ______.
A．make them live comfortablyB．let them have more choices
C．give them more loveD．make a comparison
小題4:Which of the following is TURE according to the text?
A．Well-raised chimps always do even better than human kids.
B．A 12-month chimps is far cleverer than a child of that age.
C．The newborns were not allowed to be with their mothers in the past in the hospital.
D．Constantly touching the baby can make it feel safer.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The forces that make Japan one of the world's most earthquake-prone(有…傾向的) countries could become part of its long-term energy solution．
Water from deep below the ground at Japan's tens of thousands of hot springs could be used to produce electricity．
Although Japanese high-tech companies are leaders in geothermal(地?zé)岬? technology and export it, its use is limited in the nation．
"Japan should no doubt make use of its resources of geothermal energy," said Yoshiyasu Takefuji, a leading researcher of thermal-electric power production．
The disastrous earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011 caused a reaction against atomic power, which previously made up 30 percent of Japan's energy needs, and increased interest in alternative energies, which account for only 8 percent．
Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural energy, following the example of Iceland which uses renewable energy for more than 80 percent of its needs．
For now, geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan, which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power．
The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial cost of the exploration and constructing the factories．Another problem is that Japan's potentially best sites are already being developed for tourism or are located within national parks where construction is forbidden．
"We can't even dig 10cm inside national parks．" said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric, adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow．
Researcher Hideaki Matsui said, "Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades-long project．We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decrease in the short term．"
The Earth Policy Institute in Washington, US, believed Japan could produce 80,000 megawatts（兆瓦）and meet more than half its electricity needs with geothermal technology．
Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders in geothermal technology, with a 70 percent market share．In 2010, Fuji Electric built the world's largest geothermal factory in New Zealand．
小題1:What would be the best title for the text?
A．Alternative energies in Japan
B．Japan thinks of geothermal energy
C．Japan takes the lead in geothermal technology
D．World's largest geothermal plant
小題2:What percentage of Japan's energy needs is geothermal energy?
A．About 8%．B．Around 30%． C．Below 1%．D．Over 80%．
小題3:According to Shigeto Yamada, the growth of geothermal power in Japan needs ____．
A．high technologyB．financial support
C．local people's helpD．a(chǎn) change of rules
小題4:Geothermal energy is considered as a long-term program by _____．
A．Hideaki Matsui   B Yoshiyasu Takefuji．    C．Shigeto Yamada       D．Yoko Ono
小題5:It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that _____．
A．the world's biggest geothermal plant was built by America
B．Japan will not export its geothermal technology
C．it is hard to find geothermal energy in Japan
D．the potential of Japan's geothermal energy is great

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

About half American teenagers do not get enough sleep on school nights.They get an average of sixty to ninety minutes less than experts say they need.
One reason for this is biology.Experts say teens are biologically programmed to go to sleep later and wake up later than other age groups.Yet many schools start classes as early as seven in the morning.As a result，many students go to class feeling like sixteen?year?old Danny.He is an active teen— except in the morning.“Getting up in the morning is pretty terrible.I’m just very out of it and tired.Through the first and second period I can hardly stay awake,” he said.
Michael Breus is a psychologist.Teens，he says，need to sleep eight to nine hours or even nine to ten hours a night.He says sleepy teens can experience a form of depression(消沉) that could have big influence on their general well being.It can affect not just their ability in the classroom but also on the sports field and on the road.So what can schools do about sleepy students？The psychologist says one thing they can do is to start classes later in the morning.Studies show that students can improve by a full letter grade in their first and second period classes.
Eric Peterson is the head of St.George’s School in the northeastern state of Rhode Island.He wanted to see if a thirty?minute delay(推遲)would make a difference.It did.He says visits to the health center by tired students decreased by half.Late arrivals to the first period fell by a third.And students reported that they were less sleepy during the day.Eric Peterson knows that changing start times is easier at a small school like his.But he is hopeful that other schools will find a way.
小題1:What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Later classes，fewer sleepy teens
B．Early birds have good food
C．Early to bed and early to rise
D．Fewer classes，more happiness
小題2:The underlined word“this”in the second paragraph refers to________.
A．teenagers’ staying up
B．teenagers’ getting up late
C．teenagers’ not getting enough sleep
D．teenagers’ not studying seriously
小題3:Michael Breus thinks that________.
A．teens should get up early
B．teens need enough sleep to be lively
C．depression is common in teens
D．the first period class should be cut off
小題4:The last paragraph tells us________.
A．Eric Peterson visits the health center every day
B．it’s not easy for Eric Peterson to change start times
C．students in St.George’s School can get up later than before
D．students in St.George’s School aren’t late for school any more
小題5:What can we infer from the passage?
A．Danny is a lazy boy and always late for school.
B．Teens should go to bed early and get up early, too.
C．The psychologist has no idea how to solve the problem.
D．Enough sleep makes a healthy and active student.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

in order to know a foreign language thoroughly(完全地), four things are necessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear it spoken. secondly, we must be able to speak it ourselves, with confidence(自信) and without hesitation(猶豫). Thirdly, we must do much reading. Finally, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are correct in grammar.
There are no shortcuts to succeed in language learning. A good memory is a great help, but it is not enough only to memorize the rules from a grammar book. it is not much learning by heart long lists ( 一覽表 ) of words and their meanings, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language. If we are pleased with a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. We must "learn through use". Practice is important. We must practice speaking and writing the language whenever we can.
小題1: the most import things to learn a foreign language are
A．understanding and speaking
B．listening,speaking,reading and writing
C．writing and understanding
D．memorizing and listening
小題2: Someone hears and writes English very well, but he speaks it very badly. This is because_____________.
A．he doesn’t understand the language when he hears it spoken
B．he doesn’t have a good memory.
C．he always remembers lists of words and their meanings
D．he often hesitates to practice speaking it.
小題3: Which is the most important in learning a foreign language?
A．a(chǎn) good memory.B．speaking.
C．practice.D．writing.
小題4: “Learn though use” means___________.
A．we use a language in order to learn it
B．we learn a foreign language in order to use it
C．we can learn a language well while we are keeping using it
D．both b and c.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Look closely at ,your hands-are they clean? It doesn't matter how many times you was  your hands. They're still crowded with microbes, which are also called "germs" or "bacteria". Microbes are everywhere. But don't worry-most microbes don't harm you. and many actually help you stay alive.
Now,  scientists say the microbes that live on our hands could be used in a surprising way: fighting crime.
When police visit the scene of a crime, they often look for fingerprints to try to identifythe criminal.  But according to a recent study, investigators could even use microbes to help break a criminal case.
Every person has his or her own set of microbes that live on their hands, according to scientists at,the University of:Colorado. That means the mix of different kinds of microbes on everybody's hand is unique-much like one's fingerprint.
The scientists wanted to know whether this microbe mix could be used as a new kind of fingerprint-especially in a crime scene where fingerprints might be hard to find.  And policemen use forensics such as studying fingerprints to identify the criminal.
"Microbe fingerprints are harder to hide," said Noah Fierer, one of the scientists.
"You can't sterilize(為……殺菌) a surface just by wiping it off. "
His team compared the bacteria on the hands of 273 people with the bacteria found on each person's computer keyboard. For the study, the keyboards had been used only by the people who were being tested. The study showed that the mix of microbes from each per- son's hands matched the mix of microbes on that person's keyboard. The scientists were easily able to tell the 273 people apart-just by looking at their keyboards.
But there are a lot more than 273 criminals. Other scientists wonder whetherthe microbe fingerprint can really be that useful. 
Fierer agrees that scientists have a lot more work to do before the microbe fingerprint will be a useful tool．
小題1:According to the passage,  microbes on people's hands_____
A．do more harm than goodB．a(chǎn)re easy to get rid of
C．a(chǎn)re almost the sameD．might help find crimes
小題2:The underlined word "forensics" in Paragraph 5 probably refers to________.
A．the scientific test used by police
B．a(chǎn) new kind of fingerprint
C．a(chǎn) kind of bacteria'in people's hands
D．a(chǎn) kind of newly invented keyboard
小題3:What did Fierer's team find through the study?
A．They found the criminal among the 237 people.
B．They could tell who had used which computer.
C．Computer keyboards couldn't keep people's microbe fingerprints.
D．People's characters could be identified by the keyboards they used.
小題4:We can learn from the passage that ______.
A．your microbes may give you away
B．scientists will come to a clear conclusion soon
C．many scientists think microbe fingerprints useless
D．the microbe fingerprint has been used in many cases
小題5:The main idea of the passage is about_____.
A．the importance of fingerprintsB．how to clean our hands
C．the usefulness of microbesD．different germs on our hands

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