【題目】根據(jù)短文理解，選擇正確答案。
In 1880, fourteen-year-old Matthew Henson loved to hear sailors tell tales of their exciting lives at sea. The travel, the adventure, the danger, and the steady pay were all attracting young Henson. One day, he found a job as a cabin boy on a beautiful ship called the Katie Hinds. For the next five years, Henson sailed around the world. With the help of the ship's captain and other members of the crew, Henson learned mathematics, navigation, history, geography, and many other subjects. By the time he left the Katie Hinds in 1885, Henson was well educated and had become an excellent seaman.
Unable to find work anywhere else, Henson took a job in a hat shop in Washington, D.C. One day in 1887, a man came in to buy a hat. The man, Robert Peary, asked the owner if he knew anyone with experience at sea. Peary would soon travel to South America for the U.S. government. He needed experienced men to accompany him. The shop owner knew about his young employee's skills and experience on ocean journeys, so he introduced Peary to Henson.
Using his map-reading and sailing skills, Henson proved himself to be a worthy and smart seaman. Peary soon made Henson his assistant（助理）, and they became close friends. One day Peary told Henson about his real dream: to be the first man to stand on “the top of the world” at the North Pole. He asked Henson to help him make his dream come true. Over the next five years, the two explorers made two trips together to the Arctic. However, they were not able to reach the pole either time. The cold, wind, and ice were worse than either of them had ever imagined.
In 1908, Peary and Henson were ready to make their final attempt at reaching the North Pole. Both men were over forty years old. The years of hardship in the arctic cold had made them suffer a lot. This would be their last chance. With four Inuit（因紐特）guides, they made a mad rush straight across the ice toward the pole. Peary's feet were injured and he had to be pulled on a dogsled. In April 1909, Henson's instruments showed they were standing at the North Pole. Together Henson and Peary planted the American flag in the snow.
In later years, Robert Peary and Henson were greatly honored for their achievements. Today, the two friends and fellow explorers lie in heroes' graves not far apart in the Arlington National Cemetery.
（1）In paragraph1, the author shows how Henson became ________.
A.a wonderful seaman
B.an educated captain
C.a good shop assistant
D.a successful learner
（2）Paragraph 2 mainly tells us ________.
A.why Matthew Henson went to the hat shop
B.how Matthew Henson met Robert Peary
C.why Matthew Henson stopped working on the Katie Hinds
D.how Robert Peary knew Matthew Henson had sea experience
（3）The following statements are TRUE except ________.
A.Henson proved himself a better seaman than Peary
B.Peary wanted Henson to help him realize his dream
C.Before their final attempt, they made two trips together
D.After they died, they were highly respected by people
（4）The story between Henson and Peary could best be compared to ________.
A.treasure hunters looking for fortunes
B.sailors seeking power over others
C.soldiers fighting for their freedom
D.fighters exploring an unknown land

【答案】
（1）A
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】本文講述了亨森是如何成為了一名優(yōu)秀水手的，并介紹他在認(rèn)識(shí)羅伯特·皮爾里之后兩個(gè)人共同奮斗，歷盡艱辛去北極探險(xiǎn)的故事。

⑴細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句．..Henson learned mathematics，navigation，history，geography，and many other subjects...had become an excellent seaman.可知，第一段主要講述了亨森是如何成為了一名優(yōu)秀水手的。所以答案是A。

⑵主旨大意。第二段是對(duì)下文的鋪墊。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，是老板把他介紹給了羅伯特·皮爾里，即第二段主要講述了馬修·享森是如何認(rèn)識(shí)羅伯特·皮爾里的。所以答案是B

⑶推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中He asked Henson to help him make his dream come true.可知，他請(qǐng)求Henson幫助他實(shí)現(xiàn)他的夢(mèng)，排除B；the two explorers made two trips together to the Arctic. 這兩個(gè)探險(xiǎn)家兩次一起去北極旅行，排除C；根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Today, the two friends and fellow explorers lie in heroes' graves not far apart in the Arlington National Cemetery.可知，他們死后，他們受到人們的高度尊敬，排除D。A項(xiàng)與文章意思不對(duì)，是錯(cuò)誤的，所以答案是A。

⑷推理判斷。由文章可知，在他們?nèi)ケ睒O的過(guò)程中，兩個(gè)人共同奮斗，歷盡艱辛，為了目標(biāo)而努力。故可將兩人比作“為了實(shí)現(xiàn)一項(xiàng)任務(wù)而奮斗的人”，所以答案是D。

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