Question

【題目】The word “Dutch” originally referred to Germans, and even today, the word "Deutschland" means Germany. 【1】 The country, which is on the coast of the North Sea between Germany and Belgium is also known as Holland.

There are many English expressions that include the word“Dutch.”【2】 For example, "Dutch courage" means false courage or bravery gotten by drinking alcohol. A "Dutch uncle" is a person who gives unwanted advice. A "Dutch concert" is just a lot of noise and no music. A "Dutch defense" means surrender（投降），although the Dutch never surrendered an inch of their homeland without a heroic fight.

In these phrases the English imply that the Dutch are cheap and not brave enough. 【3】 When most people think of Holland, they imagine huge fields of tulips（郁金香），tall windmills（風(fēng)車）and children wearing wooden shoes一pleasant and positive things. So why did the English take such a contrary view of Holland?

【4】 But as the two countries became interested in the East Indies; they competed to control sea routes leading to the East indies and the valuable goods found there. The Dutch and the English fought three wars at sea between 1652 and 1674. In 1667. when the Dutch bravely blocked off the Thames River near London, England, the English were angry!【5】 Today relations between the two countries are quite friendly; but the old phrases remain.

A. Most of them have negative meanings.

B . It was during this time that the unfair war of words began.

C. Dutch is one of the closest relatives of both German and English.

D. Take advantage of any Dutch language center as you learn to speak Dutch.

E. Yet the rest of the world views Holland and the Dutch people much differently.

F. Before the 17th century, the Dutch were respected in English writing and language.

G.But in present-day English,“Dutch”refers to people and things coming from the Netherlands.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】G

【2】A

【3】E

【4】F

【5】B

【解析】文章向讀者介紹英語中Dutch一詞的來歷以及使用。

【1】考查對上下文語境的理解。空前句意：“Dutch”一詞最初指的是德國人，甚至今天，單詞"Deutschland"的意思是德國�？蘸缶湟猓何挥诘聡�和比利時(shí)北海岸的這個(gè)國家也被稱為荷蘭。故這里G（但是在現(xiàn)代英語中， “Dutch”指的是所有來自荷蘭的人和事。）符合上下文，故選G。

【2】考查對上下文語境的理解�？涨熬湟�：有很多含有單詞“Dutch.”的英語表達(dá)。下文舉例中可看出含有“Dutch.”一詞的表達(dá)都是貶義詞，例如"Dutch courage"指的是假的勇氣或者喝醉酒的勇氣�？芍�這里A（大部分都有負(fù)面含義。）符合上下文，故選A.。

【3】考查對上下文語境的理解�？涨熬湟猓涸谶@些表達(dá)中，英國人想要暗示荷蘭人很小氣，不夠勇敢。空后句意：當(dāng)大部分人想到Holland（荷蘭）時(shí)，他們想到的是大片的郁金香，很高的風(fēng)車以及穿著木鞋的孩子們。故這里E（然而，世界上的其他地區(qū)認(rèn)為Holland（荷蘭人）和 the Dutch people（荷蘭人）是非常不同的。）符合上下文，故選E。

【4】考查對上下文語境的理解�？蘸缶湟猓旱�是，當(dāng)這兩個(gè)國家都對東印度群島感興趣時(shí)，他們爭奪通向東印度群島的海路以及在那里發(fā)現(xiàn)的貴重貨物的控制權(quán)。可知這里F（17世紀(jì)之前，the Dutch（荷蘭人）在英語語言中是受到尊重的。）符合上下文，故選F。

【5】考查對上下文語境的理解�？涨熬湟�：1667年，當(dāng)荷蘭人封鎖了英格蘭，倫敦附近的泰晤士河時(shí)。英國人很生氣。空后句意：今天，這兩個(gè)國家的關(guān)系非常友好，但是，老的短語保留了下來。故這里B（正式在這期間，不公平的單詞大戰(zhàn)開始了。）符合上下文，故選B。