Thousands of people have been killed in a massive(大規(guī)模的) earthquake in Japan. The quake -- the most powerful to hit Japan in more than 100 years -- caused massive damage and many people are missing and feared dead.
The 8.9 magnitude quake struck Friday(March 11) off Japan's eastern coast, and prompted(引發(fā)) tsunami warnings（海嘯警報(bào)）across the Pacific as far away as South America and the U.S. West Coast. Several days after a 8.9-magnitude earthquake and resulting 10-meter-high tsunami devastated the coastline. The United States Geological Survey says it was the fifth largest earthquake since 1900. The largest, with a 9.5 magnitude, shook Chile(智利) in 1960.
　　In Japan, the tsunami swept away boats, cars and hundreds of houses in coastal areas north of Tokyo. The quake shook buildings in the Japanese capital and caused several fires. All train and subway traffic in Tokyo has been stopped, and thousands of people there were unable to get back home. People are just trying to find clean water. Food supplies are running out. In the convenience stores, there are no rice balls left. There is no bottled water left. People are facing a really serious situation in the days ahead for these people that are living in areas that were only moderately（普通的） damaged. The final death toll could range from the thousands to tens of thousands, depending on how many of these communities are gone.
Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan said the government would do everything it can to minimize（使降到最低） the effects of the disaster. And in Washington, President Obama said the United States is ready to help the people of Japan.
小題1:The underline word damage means_____________ in the article.
A．illnessB．disasterC．terrorD．danger
小題2:Which is true according to the passage?
A．Thousands of people have been killed in a massive earthquake in Japan.
B．Only people in areas that were only moderately damaged are facing a really serious situation in the days.
C．The tsunami devastatednot only the coastline in Japan, but also the areas across the Pacific as far away as South America and the U.S. West Coast.
D．The massive earthquake caused the tsunami.
小題3:According to the passage, which earthquake is the largest one since 1990 ?
A．the one happened in Japan on March 11, 2011
B．the one in Chile in 1960
C．the fifth largest earthquake since 1900
D．We don't know.
小題4:If you're in Tokyo these days, what you can't get from the convenience store?
A．newspapers and magazines
B．some medicine
C．paper napkins and toothpastes
D．rice balls and bottled water
小題5:The passage can't be in/on __________.
A．March 10th newspapersB．TVC． InternetD． Radios

小題1:B
小題2:D
小題3:B
小題4:D
小題5:A

試題分析：
小題1:推理題，由最后一段第一句話can to minimize（使降到最低） the effects of the disaster可以推出是災(zāi)難的意思，所以選B
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)題，由第二段第二行prompted(引發(fā)) tsunami warnings（海嘯警報(bào)）across the Pacific as far away as South America and the U.S. West Coast可以知道答案，所以選D
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)題，由第二段最后一句he largest, with a 9.5 magnitude, shook Chile(智利) in 1960.可以知道答案，所以選B
小題4:細(xì)節(jié)題，由倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第五行In the convenience stores, there are no rice balls left可以知道答案，所以選D
小題5:細(xì)節(jié)題，由第二段第一句話The 8.9 magnitude quake struck Friday(March 11) off Japan's eastern coast可以知道答案，所以選A
點(diǎn)評：本文報(bào)道了日本發(fā)生8.9級的地震，給日本經(jīng)濟(jì)、交通、生活等各方方面帶來了嚴(yán)重影響。先通讀全文，然后帶著問題，再讀全文，找出答題所需要的依據(jù)，完成閱讀。本文主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，要求學(xué)生有很強(qiáng)的細(xì)節(jié)分析能力。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Animal training refers to teaching animals specific responses to specific conditions or stimuli (刺激). Training may be for the purpose of companionship, detection, protection, entertainment or all of the above.
An animal trainer may use various forms of reinforcement (強(qiáng)化) or punishment to condition an animal’s responses. Some animal trainers may have a knowledge of the principles of behavior analysis and operant conditioning (操作性條件反射), but there are many ways to train animals and as a general rule no legal requirements or certifications are required.

Training chickens has become a way for trainers of other animals (primarily dogs) to perfect their training technique. Bob Bailey, former director of Animal Behavior Enterprises and the IQ Zoo, teaches chicken training courses where trainers teach chickens to tell different shapes, to successfully pass through a way with obstacles (障礙) and to chain behaviors together. Chicken training is done using operant conditioning, using a clicker and chicken feed for reinforcement.

Fish can also be trained. For example, a goldfish may swim toward its owner and follow him as he walks through the room, but will not follow anyone else. The fish may swim up and down signaling the owner to turn on its aquarium light when it is off, and it will skim the surface until its owner feeds it. Pet goldfish have also been taught to perform more difficult tasks, such as doing the limbo (a                         kind of dance) and pushing a very small soccer ball into a net.

Among all animals, they are the third cleverest after monkeys and dolphins. Scientists think the training of pigs is easier than the training of dogs and cats. Pigs have a very good sense of smell. They can find things nearby or faraway. They can also help the police to find out drugs at an airport or at a train station.
小題1:The aim of training animals is to _________.
A．detect objects for peopleB．keep people company
C．protect or entertain peopleD．a(chǎn)ll of the above
小題2:Which is True according to the passage?
A．Most people teach animals general responses to general conditions.
B．Training animals requires some certifications.
C．Training chickens is a way to improve the trainers’ skills.
D．Chickens can be trained to help the police to find out drugs.
小題3:According to the passage, a fish can _________.
A．be trained to follow anyone
B．turn on its aquarium light when it is off
C．signal its owner to feed it
D．take part in a football game in the field
小題4:Scientists think the training of pigs is easier because _________.
A．pigs do not bite like dogs
B．pigs are smart animals
C．pigs have a good sense of hearing
D．pigs can help find out drugs at an airport

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When TV news programmers report wars or diseases, the editors rarely use the most horrifying pictures of dead or wounded victims because they don’t want to upset their viewers. Even so, viewers are usually warned in advance that they“may find some of these scenes disturbing”, so they can look away if they choose. But the men and women whose job is to record those scenes, the TV cameramen, have no such choice. It is their duty to witness the horrors of the world and record them, no matter how unpleasant they may be. As a result, it is one of the most dangerous, exposed and emotionally taxing jobs the world has to offer.
Today, the demand for their work is rising. The explosion of satellite broadcasting and 24hour news in recent years has created an almost insatiable（不能滿足的）demand for TV information. But major broadcaster sand the TV news agencies（部）, such as Reuters and WTN, have never had enough staff（人員）to meet thje worldwide demand for up-to-date pictures, so increasingly they turn to freelance（自由職業(yè)的）TV cameramen.
These freelance cameramen are independent operators tied to no particular organization. They will work for any company which hires them, for just a few hours or for several weeks in a war zone. But if the freelance cameraman is injured in the course of the job, the TV company is not responsible for him. The freelance must survive on his own.
“TV will always need hard, vivid and moving pictures which are fresh, but these companies feel uncomfortable with large numbers of employees on their books.”Explains Nik Cowing, once a foreign editor for Britain’s Channel 4 news and now a BBC news presenter.
“By hiring freelancers, they can buy in the skills they need only when they need them. It also enables them to reduce the risk.”He says.
小題1:In the last sentence of the first paragraph,“taxing”most probably means“       ”.
A．depressingB．satisfying
C．demandingD．encouraging
小題2:TV news agencies turn to freelance cameramen in order to          .
A．save expense and avoid（避免）risks
B．buy pictures which are the most stimulating（剌激的）to the senses
C．look for pictures that are of fine qualities
D．get first-hand information and pictures
小題3:The freelance cameramen          .
A．have better skills than other cameramen
B．a(chǎn)re tied to many TV news agencies
C．have to take great risks in the course of work
D．need to reduce risks of work for TV companies
小題4:It is implied in the passage that        .
A．TV cameramen have to witness disasters and killings whether they like them or not
B．TV cameramen are a special group of people who enjoy horrifying pictures
C．TV cameramen should be given greater choice of work
D．the development of TV resulted in the growing demand for TV cameramen’s work
小題5:The main idea of the first paragraph is         .
A．TV programs are reducing the use of horrible pictures of death and wound
B．it is a requirement of work for TV cameramen to disregard people’s feelings
C．it is the duty of TV cameramen to record horrifying scenes
D．TV cameramen’s job is extremely dangerous and emotionally taxing

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Toyoda said those changes were being made nearly around the clock，but during three hours of often tense questions and answers he repeated that there was no link to the vehicle’s electronic systems．
Many drivers making complaints against Toyota and the government say their acceleration problems had nothing to do with floor mat interference(油門踏板故障)or sticky gas pedals(剎車)．Outside experts have suggested electronic problems.
House lawmakers expressed serious criticism on Toyoda，the grandson of the company’s founder．
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration(NHTSA)is seeking records on Toyota’s recalls and is conducting its own review on whether electronics were behind the car faults．NHTSA also continues to look into steering complaints from drivers of the popular Corolla model．
Toyota has recalled 8.5 million cars，more than 6 million of them in the United States．
It may be a while before car buyers believe that Toyota really makes safe cars．
Toyota’s January sales already fell 16 percent even as most other automakers jumped back from last year’s bad results．Analyst Koji Endo of Advanced Research Japan in Tokyo said he expects February sales，due out next week，to be down 30 percent to 40. Toyota’s sales problem could continue beyond that． 
It will take some time to feel the full effect of this，he said．
小題1:The best title for this passage is           ．
A．Toyota is in troubleB．Toyota is under hearing
C．Toyota is finished D．Toyota is still running
小題2:What is the purpose of the hearing?
A．America hopes that Toyota apologizes to the US customers．
B．America wants to get Toyota out of the US market．
C．America wants to help Toyota out of difficulty．
D．America hopes that Toyota admits their cars have electronic system problem．
小題3:What can we infer from the passage?
A．Toyota provides very good post sale service．
B．Toyota’s biggest market is in the United States．
C．Toyota will be closed soon．
D．Toyota’s dealership in the US will all be closed．
小題4:The last sentence of this passage indicates            .
A．Analyst Koji Endo is fully confident about Toyota
B．Toyota could meet a worse situation
C．Toyota would get out of trouble sooner or later
D．Toyota would build up a better reputation among its customers

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

War Horse author Michael Morpurgo is being interviewed:
Reporter:How did War Horse become so successful?
Michael:War Horse was published in 1982,and it did not sell very well.But my publishers kept it in print,along with all my books.I am very grateful to Egmont and I’m sure now they are very grateful to themselves.
The book was discovered 21 years later,by accident.I was on Desert Island Discs on Radio 4 in 2003 when my work was becoming better known.One of the listeners was the mother of a director called Tom Morris,and after reading War Horse herself she told her son to read it.Two years later the play came out,and it was a huge hit that went to the West End,Broadway and now Canada and Australia,then a nationwide American tour in June this year.
In 2009 kathy kennedy,the producer who worked with Steven Spielberg,walked into the New London Theatre to see the play because her daughter liked it very much.She then phoned Spielberg and told him this would be his next film!The way it all happened is better than any of my stories.War Horse has now sold over 1 million copies.
Reporter:Has War Horse changed your life?
Michael:It has made all the difference in the world.The most important gift it has given us is not to have to worry about money,because there has always been a slight anxiety.It has allowed us to ensure our grandchildren’s education.There is a disadvantage to it as well,which is an assumption that I am super rich.I’m not,actually.It is very nice and completely unexpected but I have got to go on writing.If I were younger,I think,it would go to my head.Now I am too old for anything to go to my head.It is not the same as winning the lottery(彩票)。
小題1:Why are Michael’s publishers grateful to themselves too?
A．Because they never stopped printing it and it finally proved successful.
B．Because they earned a lot thanks to books of high quality they printed.
C．Because they have the ability to enlarge their company.
D．Because they have the potential to film the story.
小題2:War Horse got the first huge success thanks to____.
A．Steven Spielberg and his daughter
B．Tom Morris and his listeners
C．Kathy Kennedy’s daughter
D．Tom Morris’ mother
小題3:Why did Kathy Kennedy watch the play of War Horse?
A．Because she knew that the film was very popular.
B．Because her daughter was mad on the play.
C．Because her friend,Steven Spielberg,advised her to see it.
D．Because she was looking for a story with an animal in her mind.
小題4:What change made Michael feel most valuable because of War Horse?
A．He could stay at home looking after his grandchildren.
B．He can make friends with famous film directors.
C．He needn’t worry about his financial problems.
D．He needn’t spend time writing another book.
小題5:What is the attitude of Michael to his great success?
A．Calm.B．Unbelievable.C．ConfusedD．Excited.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

With only a click of the mouse, rumours（謠言）can be forwarded between microblogs（微博）very quickly. As an example, recently, sensitive netizens discovered that some photos displayed on microblogs describing Beijing’s June rainstorm had actually been fabricated.
Sina.com is one of the major Internet portals in China with hundreds and thousands of users, and a majority of celebrities and famous citizens have their microblog accounts on this portal. As recently as six months ago, the website decided to establish a specialized team to prove rumours and provide accurate information for its users. Tan Chao is in charge of the team.
“ Before I took the job, I usually couldn’t identify what information was real and what was fake. But during the process of identification, we discovered that a lot of information was false, including fake photos, fake news stories and rumours that had been spread through microblogs.”
It’s not just website portals which are taking on fact-checking responsibilities, but also a number of civic-minded netizens, who recently set up a Rumour Identification Federation on Sina.com’s microblog system to help netizens identify fake information online.
Dian Zizheng is the team leader of the federation. He says they’ve publicized more than 150 pieces which contradict rumours, which attracted more than 10 thousand visitors within two months.
“We live in an age of new media, so we can’t use the old methods to prove rumours. We can’t wait for the media to prove the facts with related administrative（行政） departments and then release a formal announcement. We can’t allow rumours to run wild and then deal with it, we need to fight rumours while they’re spreading. I think that this is the best way to deal with rumours nowadays.”
Some experts say this displays the advantages of the internet compared to other traditional media. The open platform allows information to be examined and clarified by netizens. But experts like Ding Wengguo,President of the Journalism and Communication College at the China University of Political Science and Law says this self-correction function of the Internet is still quite limited.
“It’s still quite different to tell which information is true in such an open environment by just reading a number of different opinions on the same issue. This is something which we need to pay attention to. If society is flooded with too much false information, and it’s allowed to spread in such a fast manner, then people will be suspicious（懷疑的） of all kinds of information including important information from authorities. It also worsens problems relating to social communications and mutual-understanding, which in turn harms society as a whole.”
Experts suggest that the government should react more quickly in the Internet age. Once a rumour begins to spread, administrative departments should make announcements as early as possible to drive away rumours before they lead to bad outcomes.
小題1:Sina.com decided to found a specialized team to __________.
A．prevent the spread of rumours on the Internet
B．a(chǎn)dvance the development of microblog
C．limit the number of microblog
D．urge the government to react quickly to the rumours
小題2:Which of the following is true according to the text?
A．All the rumours have been spread through microblog.
B．Sina.com is the most popular internet portal in China.
C．Traditional media don’t prove rumours to spread.
D．The photos displayed on microblogs might have side effects.
小題3:The underlined word “fabricated” in the first paragraph can be replaced by _________.
A．made upB．dug outC．got roundD．given away
小題4: What is the best way to prove rumors on microblogs?
A．Shutting down the website immediately.
B．Substituting the Internet for traditional media.
C．Examining and checking while they are spreading .
D．Making announcements after they are spread.
小題5:The writer cited Ding Wenguo’s words in Paragraph 8 to________.
A．draw a conclusionB．introduce a topic
C．support an argument D．describe a scene
小題6:What’s the writer’s attitude towards the rumours from microblogs according to the passage?
A．Negative.B．Sympathetic.C．Supportive.D．Changeable.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

An Australian man who has been donating(捐獻(xiàn)) his extremely rare kind of blood（血液） for 56 years has saved the lives of more than two million babies.
James Harrison has an antibody（抗體） in his plasma(血漿) that stops babies dying from Rhesus disease, a form of severe anaemia(貧血). He has enabled countless mothers to give birth to healthy babies, including his own daughter, Tracey, who had a healthy son thanks to her father's blood.
Mr. Harrison has been giving blood every few weeks since he was 18 years old and has now racked up a total of 984 donations. When he started donating, his blood was deemed so special that his life was insured（保險(xiǎn)） for one million Australian dollars.
He was also nicknamed the “man with the golden arm” or the “man in two million”. He said, “I've never thought about stopping. Never!” He made a pledge to be a donor aged 14 after undergoing major chest surgery in which he needed 13 liters of blood. “I was in hospital for three months,” he said. “The blood I received saved my life so I made a pledge to give blood when I was 18.”
Just after he started donating he was found to have the rare（稀有的） and life-saving antibody in his blood. At the time, thousands of babies in Australia were dying each year of Rhesus disease. Other newborns suffered permanent(永久的) brain damage because of the condition. The disease creates an incompatibility between the mother's blood and her unborn baby's blood. It stems from one having Rh-positive（陽性） blood and the other Rh-negative（陰性）.
His blood has since led to the development of a vaccine called Anti-D. After his blood type was discovered, Mr. Harrison volunteered to undergo a series of tests to help develop the Anti-D vaccine. “They insured me for a million dollars so I knew my wife Barbara would be taken care of,” he said. “I wasn't scared. I was glad to help. I had to sign every form going and basically sign my life away.”
Mr. Harrison is Rh-negative and was given injections of Rh-positive blood. It was found his plasma could treat the condition and since then it has been given to hundreds of thousands of women. It has also been given to babies after they are born to stop them developing the disease.
It is estimated he has helped save 2.2 million babies so far. Mr. Harrison is still donating every few weeks now.
小題1:How old is James Harrison?
A．74B．70.C．56D．78
小題2:What does the underlined phrase “two million” refer to?
A．mothersB．babiesC．dollarsD．blood
小題3:Why did James decide to donate his blood? Because _____.
A．his daughter asked him to help her son
B．he has a golden arm worth a million dollars
C．a(chǎn) vaccine called Anti-D is to be developed
D．someone else’s blood saved his life
小題4:The sentence “The disease creates an incompatibility between the mother's blood and her unborn baby's blood” (underlined in Paragraph 5) suggests that _____.
A．the mother and the baby have different types of blood
B．babies suffer permanent brain damage before born
C．Rhesus disease contributes to permanent brain damage
D．a(chǎn)ll the patients have a rare antibody in their blood
小題5:What can we infer from the sixth paragraph?
A．His wife Barbara needed to be taken care of badly then.
B．Mr. Harrison was not glad to help develop a new vaccine.
C．Some of the tests to develop the vaccine are dangerous.
D．His blood type was accidentally discovered after tests.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There are new findings that not enough sleep may cause people to gain weight. Researchers say a lack of sleep can produce hormonal(激素的) changes that increase feelings of hunger.
In one study, researchers in the United States examined information on more than 1000 people. The people had taken part in a long-term study of sleep disorders.
Some people slept less than five hours a night. They had 15 percent higher blood levels of a hormone called ghrelin than people who slept eight hours. And they had 15 percent less of the hormone leptin. Experts say ghrelin helps make people feel hungry; leptin makes you feel full.
The scientists say these hormonal changes may be a cause of obesity in Western societies. They note the combination that sleep limitation is common and food is widely available.
The results were not affected by how much people exercised. People who are awake longer have more time to burn energy. But the researchers say loss of sleep may increase hunger especially for high-calorie foods, so people gain weight. It seems that, for survival, the body may be designed to store more fat during times with less sleep.
Researchers from Stanford University in California and the University of Wisconsin did the study. They found that the best amount of sleep for weight control is 7.7 hours a night.
The Public Library of Science published the findings in its journal Medicine . Internet users can read the full study, free of charge, at plos. org.
小題1:Not enough sleep can cause obesity by ______.
A．burning more of your energy
B．making you want to eat more food
C．keeping you from doing exercise
D．helping you feel great without food
小題2:Which would be a point supported by the reported findings?
The more you sleep, the farther away you are from obesity.
Those who don’t sleep at all are the most likely to put on weight.
Sleeping contributes more to obesity than eating.
It’s not wise to use sleep hours for exercise.
小題3:When you sleep 7.7 hours a night, you will ______ .
have your ghrelin level rise and leptin level drop
have your leptin level rise and ghrelin level drop
have your ghretin and leptin levels properly balanced
have your hunger increase and your weight decrease
小題4:The writer wrote this passage to _______ .
A．make a news report
B．offer a piece of medical advice
C．make an advertisement
D．keep a record of the old findings
小題5:You can read the findings________.
A．Only on the Internet
B．only in Medicine
C．Both on the Internet and in Medicine
D．Neither on the Internet nor in Medicine

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Washington: A research conducted at the University of Maryland looks at the numerous complex reasons as to why young children decide to include or exclude (排斥) other kids from their group of friends.
It suggests that the kids’ decision-making process is much more complex than previously believed.
"They take into account group information, ranging from cliques (小圈子) and networks, when deciding what makes a group work well. Sometimes kids are excluded because they lack social skills, but a lot of time it has nothing to do with that. Instead it has to do with what we refer to as ’group membership’ such as gender, race, nation, and culture," says Professor Melanie Killen, the Associate Director of the Centre for Children Relationships and Culture at Maryland, who led the 4-year project.
Reporting their findings in the journal, the researcher said whatever was the reason, individuals who experienced long-term exclusion (排斥) from the group of friends suffered from depression, anxiety and loneliness.
The study looked at two models to define how children make decisions regarding acceptance of other kids in their group -- the individual social deficit model and the inter-group social cognition (認(rèn)同) model. While the former says that children’s rejection occurs due to social deficits like shyness, wariness or fearfulness, the latter says that it happens because of group dynamics, prejudice and exclusion.
It was also found that the age of children was also a factor that influenced their decisions regarding other kids’ acceptance as friends.
"With age, kids become more aware of group dynamics, conventions, customs, and rituals. With this comes a greater concern about group functioning, which can lead to exclusion which can be negative from a social justice viewpoint," says Killen.
The researcher believes that her study may have many benefits, as it could provide insights into how to help when children are rejected by their peers.
小題1:While making friends, kids think more about the following EXCEPT ______.
A．social skillsB．cultureC．raceD．gender
小題2:The underlined word "deficit" in Paragraph 5 may mean “_______”.
A．skillB．relationshipC．weaknessD．experience
小題3:One of the major purposes of the research is to _______.
A．tell the reader how to tell inclusion from exclusion
B．remind children to be careful while making friends
C．seek ways to help kids excluded by their peers
D．stop the children belonging to the inter-group social cognition model
小題4:While making friends, children exclude those of social deficit model to _______.
A．keep their groups purer
B．make their groups more socially powerful
C．refuse other customs and cultures
D．prove their groups to be strict

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