President Abraham Lincoln’s first call for volunteers to fight in the Civil War was for whites only.The Civil War was a white man’s war，northern whites insisted.Its purpose was to preserve the Union.It was not being fought to end slavery.But by September of 1862，the sentiment toward black volunteers had changed.Lincoln had hoped that the war would be short，but it had already lasted for a year and a half.Union manpower had fallen dangerously.
Lincoln had a plan.He issued the Emancipation Proclamation.It stated that as of January 1,1863，all slaves living in the rebellious southern states would be forever free.And starting immediately，Union armies would accept black volunteers.
The southern rebels’response to Lincoln’s call for black troops was a deadly one.Captives (俘虜) of any Union regiment (團) with black troops were to be given “no quarter”．They were to be put to death immediately.
African­American troops throughout the war distinguished themselves (表現(xiàn)突出) in battle at places like Milliken’s Bend，F(xiàn)ort Wagner，and the Crater at St.Petersburg.As to their conduct on the battlefield，Colonel Thomas Wentworth Higginson wrote，“Nobody knows anything about these men who has not seen them in battle.No officer in this regiment now doubts that the successful process of the war lies in the unlimited employment of black troops.” By the war’s end,186,000 black men had participated.They made up nearly 10 percent of Union forces.These black soldiers saw action in more than 250 battles.Black soldiers also gave their lives.By the war’s end，about 38,000 black soldiers had died.They died from disease，in battle，and after capture by rebel troops.
小題1:This passage is mainly about________.
A．cause of the Civil War
B．the Emancipation Proclamation
C．black soldiers in the Civil War
D．why Lincoln was a good president
小題2:What does the underlined word “sentiment” in the first paragraph mean?
A．Whites.
B．People who keep watch.
C．Rebels.
D．Thought and feeling.
小題3:What can we conclude from the passage?
A．Lincoln acted too late to free the slaves.
B．Blacks fought well for the Union cause.
C．The Civil War changed American history.
D．The southern rebels nearly won the Civil War.
小題4:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The Civil War’s purpose was to drive the black away.
B．The Civil War ended just in one year with the help of the blacks.
C．All slaves were set free by September of 1862.
D．Black captives of any Union regiment were killed after Lincoln’s call.

小題1:C
小題2:D
小題3:B
小題4:D

小題1:C
解析　主旨大意題。通讀本文可知，本文主要圍繞美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中的黑人士兵展開，黑人的參戰(zhàn)對內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的勝利起到了非常重要的作用。
小題2:　D
解析　詞義猜測題。聯(lián)系上下文可知，起初林肯只號召白人參戰(zhàn)，由于戰(zhàn)爭需要，他開始意識到武裝黑人可以增大戰(zhàn)斗力，他的想法開始轉(zhuǎn)變。故sentiment意義與D項最接近。
小題3:B
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Colonel所述及最后幾句可推知，黑人對聯(lián)邦軍的事業(yè)、對內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的勝利做出了重大貢獻。
小題4:D
解析　細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段可知，在林肯發(fā)出吸納黑人入伍的號召后，南方叛軍只要抓到黑人俘虜就會將他們殺害。
練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The year is 2094．It has been announced that a comet (彗星) is heading towards the Earth．Most of it will miss our planet , but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the Earth．
On 17 July , a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earth’s atmosphere (大氣層) with a massive explosion．About half of the piece is destroyed , but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound．The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the sea bed．Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole．The wall of water , a kilometer high , rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour．Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people re drowned．
Before the waves reach South America , the second piece of the comet lands in Argentina．Earthquakes and volcanoes are set off in the Andes Mountains．The shock waves move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean．The cities of Los Angeles , San Francisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes．Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead, but the north won’t escape for long．Because of the explosions , the sun is hidden by clouds of dust , temperatures around the world fall to almost zero．Crops are ruined．The sun won’t be seen again for many years．Wars break out as countries fight for food．A year later , no more than 10 million people remain alive．
Could it really happen ? In fact , it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth．The dinosaurs were on the Earth for over 160 million years．Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared．Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space．The dinosaurs couldn’t live through the cold climate that followed and they died out．Will we meet the same and ?
小題1:What is mainly described in the passage ?
A．A historic discovery．B．An event of imagination
C．A research on space．D．A scientific adventure．
小題2:When the first piece hits the South Atlantic , it causes          ．
A．a(chǎn)n earthquake B．damages to cities
C．a(chǎn)n Earth explosion D．huge waves
小題3:Why can’t the northern half of the earth escape for long ?
A．Because the land is covered with water
B．Because the light and heat from the sun can not reach the earth．
C．Because people there can not live at the temperature of zero．
D．Because wars break out among countries．
小題4:By giving the example of dinosaurs , the author tries to prove        ．
A．a(chǎn)nimals could not live in the cold climate
B．what happened 65 million years ago was an invented story
C．the human beings will die out in 2094
D．the Earth could be hit by other objects in space

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

History is full of cases where dreams have been a pathway to creativity and discovery.A striking example is provided by Dr.Otto Loewi，a pharmacologist and winner of a Nobel Prize.Loewi had spent years studying the chemical transmission of nerve impulses (脈搏)．A tremendous breakthrough in his research came when he dreamed of an experiment three nights in a row.The first two nights he woke up and wrote down the experiment quickly and untidily on paper.But the next morning，he couldn't tell what the notes meant.On the third night，he got up after having the dream.This time，instead of making notes he went straight to his laboratory and performed the crucial experiment.Loewi later said that if the experiment had occurred to him while awake he would have rejected it.
Loewi's experiment gives some insight into using dreams to produce creative solutions.Inhibitions (拘謹) are reduced during dreaming，which may be especially useful in solving problems that require a fresh point of view.
Being able to take advantage of dreams for problem solving is improved if you “set” yourself before retiring.Before you go to bed，try to think intently about a problem you wish to solve.Bury yourself in the problem by stating it clearly and reviewing all relevant information.Then use the suggestions listed in the previous section to catch your dreams.Although this method is not guaranteed to produce a novel solution or a new insight，it is certain to be an adventure.About half of a group of college students using the method for a week recalled a dream that helped them solve a personal problem.
小題1:The main idea of this passage is that ________.
A．very little is really known about the meaning of dreams
B．it is possible to “catch” one's dreams by planning before going to sleep
C．dreams can be useful in producing creative solutions to one's problems
D．Loewi's experiment helped in the study of transmision of nerve impulses
小題2:The first paragraph is mainly organized by ________.
A．classifying types of experiments
B．summarizing the work of one researcher
C．comparing and exploring historical cases
D．telling in time order about one man's research
小題3:If Loewi had thought of the experiment while awake，he would have ________.
A．a(chǎn)sked someone else to do it
B．thought it was a bad idea
C．tried it out on his own
D．thought it was a wise idea
小題4:The author probably thinks that ________.
A．Loewi should not have conducted his experiment
B．dreaming is of very little value to most people
C．inhibitions may stop someone thinking of useful ideas
D．college students should not try out dream experiments

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850 – 1928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed "the Garden City", almost certainly the source of Howard's name for his later building plan of towns．Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs．
The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities．At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression（蕭條）and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life．Howard's idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city．Howard's idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price．
Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries．They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions．As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away．Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide rang of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city．
小題1:How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?
A．By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago．
B．Through his observation of the country life．
C．Through the combination of different ideas．
D．By taking other people's advice．
小題2:The underlined phrase "drawing on "in Paragraph 1 probably means______．
A．making comments onB．giving an explanation of
C．giving a description ofD．making use of
小題3:What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?
A．Each one would continue to become larger
B．People would live and work in the same place
C．Their number would continue to rise
D．Each one would contain a certain type of business
小題4:What could be the best title for the passage?
A．City and Countryside
B．The Invention of the Garden City
C．A New City in Chicago
D．A Famous Garden City in England

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The Taj Mahal (泰姬陵) is a love story, a sad and beautiful one. If it didn’t exist, we would easily imagine that the story of its construction was simply a fairy tale. Three hundred years ago, there lived an Indian emperor called Shah Jahan. His wife was a beautiful and bright woman whom he loved greatly. Her title was Mumtazl Mahal: its shortened form Taj Mahal, means “pride of the palace”. In the year 1630 this beloved wife of the emperor died. He was so brokenhearted that he thought of giving up his throne. He decided out of his love for his wife, to build her the most beautiful tomb that had ever been seen.
He summoned the best artists and architects from India, Turkey, Persia and Arabia and finally, the design was complete. It took more than twenty thousand men working over a period of 18 years to build the Taj Mahal, one of the most beautiful buildings in the world.
The building itself stands on a marble platform 29 meters square and 6-7 meters high. Towers rise from each of the four corners. The Mahal itself soars another 61 meters into the air. It is an eight-sided building made of white marble.
The emperor planned to build an identical tomb of black marble for himself on the other side of the river connected by a silver bridge. However, his son put him into a prison in the palace before he could finish, and for the rest of his life, he could only gaze across the river at the tomb of his beloved wife.
小題1: The whole passage tells us about ______.
A．a(chǎn) beautiful fairy tale
B．the story of the Taj Mahal
C．white and black marble tombs made for two emperors
D．the love story of Emperor Shah Jahan and his wife
小題2:Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Taj Mahal?
A．It was completed quickly owing to the efforts of the best artists and workers.
B．A lot of people took part in the building work.
C．It is a magnificent building.
D．It is a tomb for the emperor’s beloved wife.
小題3: The emperor’s own tomb was designed to be ____________.
A．61 meters high B．eight-sidedC．black-coloredD．white-colored
小題4:The emperor _____________.
A．died soon after Taj Mahal died
B．was killed by his son
C．was beloved by his people
D．died after 1648

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

ABORIGINAL is a term used to describe the people and animals that lived in a place from the earliest known times or before Europeans arrived. Examples are the Maori in New Zealand, the Aborigines in Australia and the Indians in America. They all share the fact that they were pushed off their land by European settlers.
Maori
The Maori were the first people to go to New Zealand, about 1,000 years ago. They came from the islands of Polynesia in the Pacific. They brought dogs, rats and plants with them and settled mainly on the Northern Island. In 1769, Captain James Cook from Britain took possession of the Island and from that time British people started to settle. The Maori signed an agreement on land rights with these settlers, but in later years there were arguments and battles between them.
Aborigines
The native people of Australia came from somewhere in Asia more than 40,000 years ago. They lived by hunting and gathering. Their contact with British settlers began in 1788. By the 1940s almost all of them were mixed into Australian society as low-paid workers. Their rights were limited. In 1976 and 1993 the Australian Government passed laws that returned some land to the Aborigines and recognized their property rights.
American Indians
Long before the Europeans came to America in the 16th and 17th century, the American Indians, or Native Americans, lived there. It is believed that they came from Asia. Christopher Columbus mistook the land for India and so called the people there Indians. The white settlers and American Indians lived in peace at the beginning, but conflicts finally arose and led to the Indian Wars (1866-1890). After the wars, the Indians were driven to the west of the country. Not until 1924 did they gain the right to vote.
小題1:The similarity among Maoris, Aborigines and American Indians is that _________.
A．they lost their vote right after European settlers’ arrival
B．they lost their land after European settlers’ arrival
C．they were driven out of their country after European settlers’ arrival
D．they were not treated as citizens until recently
小題2:Before European settlers arrived, we can infer that the Aboriginals had lived _________ life.
A．a(chǎn) miserableB．a(chǎn) bitterC．a(chǎn) peacefulD．a(chǎn) troublesome
小題3:Which of the following was first interrupted by the Europeans?
A．Maoris.B．Aborigines.C．American Indians.D．Not mentioned.
小題4:The passage mainly tells us _______.
A．the war between aboriginal people and white settlers
B．the history of Maoris, Aborigines and American Indians
C．the present unfair treatment to aboriginal people of the world
D．European settlers were the enemy of all aboriginal people

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

London is the capital of the United Kingdom and the largest city in the European Union. It is the world’s largest finacial center and one of the most important cultural centers and its influence on politics, education, entertainment, media, fashion, and the arts contributes to its status as a major global city. Central London is the headquarters of more than half of the UK’s top 100 listed companies(the FTSE 100 ) and more than 100 of Europe’s 500 largest companies. The city is a major tourist destination for both domestic and overseas visitors. London hosted the 1908 and 1948 Summer Olympic Games and will host the 2012 Summer Olympic Games.
London contains four World Heritage Sites: the Tower of London, the historic settlement of Greenwich ;the Royal Botanic Garden, Kew; and the site comprising the Palace of Westminster, Westminster Abbey and St.Margaret ‘s Church.
 London currently has a wide range of peoples, cultures, and religions, and more than 300 languages are spoken within the city. On July 2007, it had an official population of 7,556, 900 within the boundaries of Greater London making it the most populous municipality in the European Union. Since the 2001 the Greater London Urban Area has been the second largest in the EU after Paris with a population of 8,278,251, and the metropolitan area is estimated to have a total population of between 12 million and 13 million, the largest population area in the EU. The public transport network, administered by Transport for London, is the most intensive in the world. Heathrow Airport is the busiest airport in the world by international passenger traffic and the air space is the busiest of any city in the world.
小題1:Which statement is True ?
A．Central London has 50 of the UK’s top 100 listed companies.
B．By the year of 2015, London will host the Summer Olympic Games.
C．Three are 300 languages spoken within the city.
D．The metropolitan area of Paris is the largest one in the EU.
小題2:What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 want to express?
A．London is a multicultural city.B．London has a large population.
C．London has a lot of religions.D．London has many languages.
小題3:What does the underlined word“it “in the second sentence of Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The populationB．Urban areaC．ParisD．London

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The CEO of Apple, Steve Jobs’ story about death
When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: “If you live each day as if it were your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.” It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself, “If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?”
Remembering that I’ll be dead soon is the most important tool I’ve ever encountered（遇到）to help me make the big choice in life.
About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that was incurable, and that I would live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is my doctors’ code for preparing yourself to die.
I lived with that diagnosis all day. I was completely in despair. Later that evening, I had another biopsy（活組織檢查）and my wife told me that tumor turned to be curable with surgery. I had the surgery and I’m fine now.
This was the closest I’ve been to facing death. To tell the truth, no one wants to die. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. It clears out the old to make room for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away.
Your time is so limited that you shouldn’t waste it repeating someone else’s life. Don’t be trapped by dogma（教條）----which is living with the results of other people’s thinking. Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most importantly, have the courage to follow your heart. It somehow already knows what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.
小題1:The doctor advised the author to go home and get his affairs in order because_________.
A．he had to rest at home
B．his disease was not serious at all
C．his disease couldn’t be cured
D．he had to wait for the result of the test
小題2: How did the author feel after the diagnosis?
A．AngryB．ExcitedC．OptimisticD．Hopeless
小題3:What does the author think of death?
A．He thinks it is nothing to be scared of.
B．He thinks it is not the end of life.
C．He thinks it is impossible to avoid.
D．He thinks it is the beginning of a new life
小題4: In the author’s opinion, we should ____________.
A. follow others’ advice
B. take no notice of diseases
C. take exercise and keep healthy
D have the courage to follow our heart

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There are three branches of medicine. One is called "doctor medicine," or "scientific medicine." Scientific doctors try to observe sicknesses, look for logical patterns, and then find out how the human body works. From there they figure out what treatments may work. This kind of medicine is believed to date from the 4th century BC. Although nowadays it is successful, in the ancient world this approach probably did not cure many patients.
A second kind of medicine is called "natural cures," or "folk medicine," in which less educated people try to cure sicknesses with various herbs. These folk healers also use observation and logic, but they are not so aware of it. They try things until they find something that seems to work, and then they keep doing that. Folk medicine flourished（繁榮） long before the development of scientific medicine and was more successful in ancient times than doctor medicine.
The third kind is called "health spas," or "faith healing." Sometimes this may be as simple as touching the holy man and being immediately healed. Other times, a magician may make you a magic charm, or say a spell, to cure you. Some religious groups organize special healing shrines（圣壇） for the sick. In these places people rest, get plenty of sleep, eat healthy food, drink water instead of wine, and exercise in various ways. They also talk to the priests and pray to the gods. If you are feeling depressed or you have been working too hard, going to these places may be just the right thing to make you feel better.
小題1:Doctor medicine __________.
A．has a longer history than folk medicine
B．has been practiced for around 1,600 years
C．bases its treatments on observation and logic
D．was very successful in curing sicknesses in ancient times
小題2:According to the passage, which of the following is NOT used in health spas?
A．Magic power. B．Various herbs. C．Religious faith. D．A healthy life style.
小題3:According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A．Folk healers choose different herbs to cure diseases without any sound basis.
B．People who practice folk medicine need lots of formal education on herbs.
C．The success of folk medicine led to the development of doctor medicine.
D．Natural cures worked better than scientific medicine in ancient times.
小題4:The author's primary purpose in this passage is to __________.
A．describe different types of medicine
B．a(chǎn)rgue for the importance of medicine in health care
C．show the crucial role religion plays in medical treatments
D．compare the educational background of three different types of patients

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案