Alan Izhar-Bodner, an Israeli inventor, has developed a swimming suit for divers to breathe underwater without carrying heavy oxygen tanks. His suit makes use of the air that is dissolved（溶解）in water, just like fish do.
The system uses the Henry Law which states that the amount of gas that can be dissolved in a liquid is proportional (成比例的)to the pressure on the liquid. Raise the pressure ---more gas can be dissolved in the liquid. Decrease the pressure --- less gas dissolved in the liquid releases the gas. This is exactly what happens when you open a can of soda; carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in the liquid and is under pressure in the can. Open the can, releasing the pressure, and the gas fizzes(嘶撕作響)out.
Bodner's System obviously uses a special machine to lower pressure in part of a small amount of seawater taken into the system; dissolved gas is taken out. The patent（專利）reads: A self-contained open-circuit（循環(huán)）breathing instrument for use within a body of water naturally containing dissolved air. The instrument is adapted to provide breathable(可吸入的)air. The instrument contains an inlet for taking out a quantity of water from the body of water. It further contains a separator for separating the dissolved air from the quantity of water, thus gaining the breathable air. The instrument further contains an outlet for expelling (驅(qū)逐)the separated water back into the body of water, and another outlet for removing the breathable air and supplying it for breathing. The air is supplied so as to enable it to be expelled back into the body of water after it has been breathed .   
Human beings have been thinking about how to breathe underwater since they started swimming. This long-held desire plays an important part in one of the first great science fiction novels, Jules Verne's 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea.
小題1:It can be inferred from the passage that____________ .
A．the less pressure it is, the less carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in the liquid
B．the deeper one dives into the ocean, the less gas is dissolved in the water
C．the greater pressure it is, the more carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in the liquid
D．the deeper one dives into the ocean, the more gas is dissolved in the water
小題2:This passage is mainly about __________.
A．how Bodner invented the instrument for breathing underwater
B．why Bodner invented the instrument for breathing underwater
C．how Bodner's instrument for breathing underwater works
D．how Bodner's instrument is used by divers for breathing underwater
小題3:From the passage we learn that __________.
A．a(chǎn) separator is used to expel breathable air back into the body of water
B．a(chǎn) separator is used to separate the air from the water so as to make use of the water
C．The breathable air removed from an outlet will eventually go back to the body of water.
D．The breathable air removed from an outlet will immediately go back to the body of water.

小題1:D
小題2:C
小題3:C

試題分析：本文主要講述的就是Alan Izhar-Bodner所發(fā)明的海底呼吸的設(shè)備的工作原理和方式。
小題1:D 推理題。根據(jù)第二段Raise the pressure ---more gas can be dissolved in the liquid.說明壓力越大，溶解的氣體越多，故D項(xiàng)，人潛水越深，壓力也就越大，溶解的氣體也就越多。故D正確。
小題2:C 主旨大意題，本文主要講述的就是Alan Izhar-Bodner所發(fā)明的海底呼吸的設(shè)備的工作原理和方式，故C項(xiàng)正確。
小題3:C 根據(jù)文章第三段The instrument contains an inlet for taking out a quantity of water from the body of water. It further contains a separator for separating the dissolved air from the quantity of water, thus gaining the breathable air. The instrument further contains an outlet for expelling (驅(qū)逐)the separated water back into the body of water, and another outlet for removing the breathable air and supplying it for breathing.說明最后這些空氣都回到身體中的水里去了。故C正確。
點(diǎn)評：科普類短文最大的障礙是詞匯以及考生對閱讀內(nèi)容的不熟悉，需要考生在閱讀的時(shí)候有足夠的耐心。要養(yǎng)成在上下文串聯(lián)中猜測詞義的能力，根據(jù)上下文中出現(xiàn)的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞，以及詞義的解釋來理解生詞。同時(shí)要抓住文章的中心，不要受其他信息的影響。要根據(jù)題目及選項(xiàng)以及文章的上下文串聯(lián)合理的判斷推理。
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Man has been 9   the earth’s resources more and more 10   over the past years. Some of them are almost gone. Now many people believe that man’s 11   problem is how to control the 12   of the population. The material supplies in the world will be far from enough to  13  the human population if the present rate of increase continues. There is already over-crowding（過分擁擠）in many cities and  14  in some countries. Many people believe that human survival（生存） in the future  15  on the answer to the question.
小題1:
A．progressB．pollutionC．educationD．production
小題2:
A．a(chǎn)gricultureB．industryC．environmentD．population
小題3:
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A．dreamB．a(chǎn)pproveC．ridD．speak
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A．gotB．took C．broughtD．reached
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A．suggestedB．hopedC．expectedD．said
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A．continuesB．fails C．triesD．means
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A．worldB．countryC．starD．end
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A．seriouslyB．dangerouslyC．rapidlyD．steadily
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A．greatestB．easiestC．lightestD．simplest
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A．existenceB．startC．growthD．birth
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A．increaseB．decreaseC．reportD．support
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A．discussionB．starvationC．constructionD．a(chǎn)rgument
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It’s the same with your thinking. You get into the habit of thinking a certain way and then you’ll rarely question it after that.
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小題1:As with the dog Barney, people _______.
A．think in a habitual way
B．enjoy having a car ride
C．usually behave in a friendly way
D．have a good memory
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A．be afraid to make mistakes
B．have the experience of playing with a dog
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D．form a habit which can keep his/her out of trouble
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A．not“talk back”
B．a(chǎn)void causing any problem
C．change the habit which will bring troubles
D．value their habits formed in their childhood
小題4:It can be concluded from the passage that ________.
A．the author’s husband must be good at training dogs
B．childhood is the best time for developing good habits
C．one can change his/her life by changing his/her thoughts
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