【題目】Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer (征服) Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921, the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two "Irelands". Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.

In the 1840s, the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage (短缺) of work, forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.

For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace.

The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly. Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”. Since independence, Ireland has revived (復(fù)興) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.

【1】What does the author tell us in paragraph 1?

A. how the Irish fought against the English.

B. how Ireland gained independence.

C. how English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.

D. how two "Irelands" came into being.

【2】We learn from the text that in Ireland __________.

A. food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population

B. people are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside

C. it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker

D. different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments

【3】The last paragraph is mainly about __________.

A. the Irish character

B. Irish culture

C. Irish musical instruments

D. a famous Irish writer

【4】What can be the best title for the text?

A. life in Ireland

B. A Very difficult history

C. Ireland, past and present

D. the independence of Ireland

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】B

【4】C

【解析】

試題分析：本文屬于說明文，在前兩段中介紹了愛爾蘭的歷史，提及了愛爾蘭的分裂，愛爾蘭歷史上的土豆危機(jī)。后兩段介紹了愛爾蘭現(xiàn)在的情況，如文化，音樂等等。

【1】D 段落大意題。本段在介紹愛爾蘭的歷史，在1921年之前愛爾蘭被英國統(tǒng)治，1921年獨(dú)立以后分成兩個部分。ABC三項(xiàng)都只是細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，D項(xiàng)為段落大意。

【2】A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句In the 1840s, the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. 可知在19世紀(jì)40年代，在愛爾蘭爆發(fā)的土豆疾病導(dǎo)致75萬人死亡。讓愛爾蘭的人口大幅下降。故A正確。

【3】B 段落大意題。在最后一段中左杰介紹了愛爾蘭人們的性格特征，愛爾蘭的文化、音樂、語言等等方面的發(fā)展情況。該段主要在介紹愛爾蘭的文化信息。故B項(xiàng)正確。

【4】C 標(biāo)題概括題。本文屬于說明文，在前兩段中介紹了愛爾蘭的歷史，提及了愛爾蘭的分裂，愛爾蘭歷史上的土豆危機(jī)。后兩段介紹了愛爾蘭現(xiàn)在的情況，如文化，音樂等等。所以本文主要講述的是愛爾蘭的前世今生。故C項(xiàng)正確。

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