19.By analyzing academic data from 10states,representing the testing of more than 7.2millions of youths,U.S.researchers found that gender differences in math scores were extremely small among all ethnic groups in grades 2-11.
These findings are in contrast to earlier results from 1990that indicate measurable differences favoring males in complex problem-solving,beginning in the high school years.
Janet Hyde from University of Wisconsin and colleagues reported their study results in the journal Science on Friday.
Currently,women are largely absent from the highest levels of careers in mathematics,the physical sciences,and engineering.In the United States,Ph.D.programs in engineering currently average only about 15percent women,and similar statistics have led to stereotypes (成見)about girls and women lacking in mathematical ability.
Now,it is clear that the general population no longer shows a gender difference in mathematical skills,according to this latest report.
And this new data on academic performance in the United States shows that students are tested frequently on"recall"and"skill/concept"items,but rarely on"strategic thinking"(戰(zhàn)略思維) or"extended thinking"concepts.
If standardized tests do not assess (評估)the sorts of reasoning that are   crucialto careers in science and math,then the skills may not be taught,putting American students at a disadvantage to students in other countries where testing and instruction focuses on more challenging content."This is a gap that should be fixed,"Hyde said.

61.What is the best title of the passage?B
A.A new study result about math.
B.No gender differences in math.
C.Girls are not good at math.
D.Girls do better in math than boys.
62.Earlier research resultsB.
A.a(chǎn)re the same as that of this latest report
B.indicate that boys are much better in complex problem-solving than girls
C.indicate that girls are much better in complex problem-solving than boys
D.a(chǎn)re completely wrong
63.The underlined word"crucial"in the last paragraph most probably meansC.
A.necessary     B.unimportant     
C.important     D.cruel
64.What Hyde said in the last paragraph means thatB.
A.standardized tests should assess the sorts of reasoning so that the skills may be taught
B.testing and instruction focuses on more challenging content in the USA
C.students in other countries are cleverer than American students
D.students should be tested frequently on"recall"and"skill/concept"items
65.The passage is most probably taken fromD.
A.a(chǎn) science magazine    B.a(chǎn) research paper  
C.a(chǎn) personal diary      D.a(chǎn) newspaper.

分析 本文屬于說明文的短文閱讀.文章介紹了通過以前的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),女生在高難度的數(shù)學(xué)題的解決方面要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于男生;而最新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在數(shù)學(xué)上根本就不存在性別差異.

解答 61-65 BBCBD
61.B.標(biāo)題判斷題.這是一篇科普類的研究報(bào)告,該類型文章的主題一般在第一段揭示.第一段的"…researchers found that gender differences in math scores were extremely small."即是文章的主題句,下文都是圍繞該發(fā)現(xiàn)進(jìn)行解釋和說明,由此可以看出,B項(xiàng)最符合語境.
62.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.由第二段的內(nèi)容可以看出,這次的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)和早期的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)相反(in contrast to):measurable differences favoring males in complex problemsolving,男孩子在解決復(fù)雜的數(shù)學(xué)問題上很有優(yōu)勢.由此可知B項(xiàng)正確.
63.C.詞義推斷題.由后面的"…putting American students at a disadvantage to students in other countries…",這些沒有評估的方面對于學(xué)生未來的職業(yè)是很重要的,也就是說,該詞和important同義.故選C.
64.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)最后一段"testing and instruction focuses on more challenging content.‘This is a gap that should be fixed,'Hyde said."可以看出在美國測試和教學(xué)應(yīng)該更多側(cè)重于具有挑戰(zhàn)性的內(nèi)容;故B項(xiàng)正確.
65.D.文章出處推斷題.從文章描述的內(nèi)容來看,文章既有最新的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),又有各方對此的評論,還有和以前截然不同的發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果的比較,由此可以看出,文章應(yīng)該來自一份報(bào)紙.故選D.

點(diǎn)評 對于科教類的短文閱讀要求考生讀懂文章中的每個(gè)句子的意思還要推理它們之間的關(guān)系,結(jié)合自己的生活常識和經(jīng)驗(yàn),再通過邏輯推理和判斷,理解文章的言外之意,從而揭示文章的深層涵義.

練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:選擇題

7.-As we know,keeping positive is beneficial to the process of our work and study.
-You can say that again.Struggle not to let negative ideas_______.(  )
A.take overB.take offC.take onD.take up

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

10.Lying in the town of Kutná Hora in the Czech Republic,the Sedlec Ossuary(藏骨堂)never fails to inspire fear and fascination in first-time visitors.Usually,an ossuary is just a site where bones are kept,but this one is very different.It is an ossuary richly decorated with bones of mote than 40,000human skeletons(骨架),a strange fact that led to its nickname-the Bone Church.
The current location of the Sedlec Ossuary was originally a cemetery.In 1278,the headmaster of Sedlec paid a visit to the Holy Land,and on his return,he brought back a handful of earth from Golgotha,the area where Jesus is thought to have been crucified(釘在十字架上).The headmaster spread the soil in the cemetery and word went around that the place was blessed.Soon,people from all over Europe wanted to be buried there.In the 15thcentury,the cemetery was nearly out of place,so to make room for newcomers,some of the older bones were removed from the cemetery and stored in an ossuary they built.At the time,however,the bones were merely piled up and not carefully arranged.
It was Frantisek Rint,a wood carver,who rearranged the burial site and transformed it into the magnificent Bone Church.In 1870,he cleaned up thousands of bones and carefully pieced them together in various shapes.The designs include two chalices,several candleholders,a noble family crest,a splendid chandelier,and much more.Equally astonishing are the six bell-shaped pyramids of bones in the four corners of the ossuary.Together,they express the short life of human beings.To this day,tourists can't help but feel small after a visit to the Bone Church.

24.What makes Sedlec Ossuary different?B
A.It has a special nickname.    
B.It is decorated with bones.
C.It keeps bones of common people.
D.It's originated from a cemetery.
25.Why would people like to be buried in Sedlec?D
A.It was well managed.    
B.It was where Jesus was buffed.
C.People saw it as home.
D.People believed it was blessed.
26.Why was an ossuary built in the 15th century?D
A.To reuse the bones.    
B.To sort out the bones.
C.To enlarge the cemetery.
D.To manage space for newcomers.
27.What does Paragraph 3mainly tell us?B
A.We human beings are great.    
B.The church was amazingly decorated.
C.Frantisek Rint is a great carver.
D.The bones in the church are valuable.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

7.Iceland is a large island.In fact,it's the world's 18th  largest island.Most of the population,however,lives in the southern part of the country,in or around the capital city of Reykjavik.By its very name,you'd expect Iceland to be mostly ice.Looking at Iceland on a map,you'll notice it sits just outside the Arctic Circle.Despite this location and its name,Iceland actually has temperate climate because it's warmed by the Gulf Stream.The Gulf Stream also helps keep Iceland's coastal ports ice-free through the winter.
There is plenty of ice on Iceland,though.The country consists of a large plateau(高原)that includes fields of sand,mountains and glaciers(冰川).Over sixty percent of Iceland is tundra(苔原).About fourteen percent of Iceland is lakes and glaciers.Only about twenty-three percent of the country has plants or vegetation of any kind.
Iceland was settled in the late 800s and early 900s by Norsemen from the Scandinavian country of Norway.Other settlers also came from Ireland and Scotland.From the thirteenth century up until 1918,Iceland was part of the Norwegian and later Danish monarchies.For most of that time,the small Icelandic population depended upon fishing and farming to make a living.For hundreds of years,Iceland was one of the poorest and least developed countries in the world.After World War II,international aid and industrialization of the fishing industry turned Iceland into one of the wealthiest countries in the world.In 1914,Iceland became part of the European Economic Area.which allowed its economy to grow even.more.
Iceland is one of the youngest islands in the world.Surtsey rose out of the ocean during a series of volcanic eruptions between 1963and 1968.Today,only scientists who study the growth of new life can visit the volcanic island of Surtsey.

25.What would be the best title for this passage?D
A.An Island of Ice and Snow.
B.A Developing Island in the world.
C.Island,the Largest Island in the World.
D.An Introduction to Iceland.
26.What can you know about Iceland according to the passage?B
A.Its capital city is crowded.
B.Its climate is fairly mild.
C.People live in the east.
D.It's located in the Arctic Circle.
27.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?A
A.Iceland's development    B.Iceland's settlers.
C.Iceland's geography.    D.Iceland's politics.
28What can we infer about Surtsey from the last paragraph?C
A.Science develops fast there        B.Many visitors drop in there.
C.No human beings live there.       D.Its citizens feed on fish.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:完形填空

14.Yesterday,I cut hundreds of tomatoes for a free dinner that took place tonight in a party.As I left my home to(36)Bthe party,something came into my mind.I did not feel right leaving only with the(40)Aof receiving things.I had a strong(38)Cto continue giving something to those who needed it,(39)BI had worked many hours to prepare the food.
(40)D,I decided to make a gift out of some leftover food I had cooked.I(41)Ba container with the food.Along with a(42)C,I put it in a bag,creating a packed meal.
    As I was(43)Bon the street,I kept a watchful eye out for someone who was really(44)C.On my way home,I saw a(45)Dman pushing a grocery cart(手推車) full of old things abandoned by others.He wandered aimlessly around the street.This cart(46)Ato be his only home and he really needed any(47)Bhe could get.I(48)Ahim that I had some food that I planned to give to someone who was hungry and I(49)Dit to him.He immediately(50)Ait.After a brief conversation,the (51)Caway,a(52)Dwalking alone in the street said,"That is so kind of you!"I was really(53)Abecause I was in the area where people have a bad(54)Cand generally do not make friendly statements like that.I smiled at the passer-by and felt(55)D,as if a task had been accomplished.I wonder,though,if this really was a task,who uploaded the order into my mind?
36.A.chargeB.a(chǎn)ttendC.serveD.host
37.A.a(chǎn)imB.dreamC.needD.task
38.A.willB.a(chǎn)ttractionC.desireD.a(chǎn)mbition
39.A.becauseB.thoughC.soD.but
40.A.SomehowB.BesidesC.HoweverD.Therefore
41.A.replacedB.filledC.enlargedD.exchanged
42.A.cupB.boxC.forkD.bottle
43.A.thinkingB.walkingC.drivingD.running
44.A.oldB.thirstyC.hungryD.cold
45.A.tallB.sickC.kind-heartedD.poorly-dressed
46.A.seemedB.provedC.usedD.happened
47.A.restB.foodC.houseD.job
48.A.toldB.warnedC.remindedD.taught
49.A.movedB.mailedC.threwD.showed
50.A.a(chǎn)cceptedB.refusedC.caughtD.emptied
51.A.politeB.luckyC.homelessD.cautious
52.A.kidB.friendC.colleagueD.stranger
53.A.surprisedB.satisfiedC.excitedD.touched
54.A.environmentB.economyC.nameD.habit
55.A.safeB.inspiredC.warmD.relaxed

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

4.Some years ago,a Miami woman walking through an office building noticed two men standing together.Several minutes after her leaving,the men murdered a person working in the building.The police determined that the woman was the only witness and could possibly describe them.However,her memory of the men proved disappointingly unclear.Several days later,psychologist Ronald Fisher was brought in to obtain a more complete account from the woman.His interview produced a breakthrough-the woman reported a clear picture of one of the suspects.The important information enabled the police lo arrest the suspect and close the case.
    The police asked Fisher for help because of his rich knowledge in cognitive interview,a kind of memory-rebuilding process.Memory researchers have found that people trying to remember a past event often only recall part of the relevant information.Human memory is selective and it is often distorted by stress.But a person's accurate recall of an event or understanding of a question can be improved using specific interviewing techniques.The"cognitive interview"was developed in the late 1990s.It encourages the witness to take an active role in recalling information rather than giving answers only to someone else's questions.The witness first describes what happened in his or her own words,with no interviewer interruptions.The interviewer then goes further with specific techniques,such as having the witness tell the details of what happened from different perspectives (角度).
    The cognitive interview focuses on guiding witnesses through four general recalling techniques:thinking about physical surroundings and personal feelings that existed at the time of past events; reporting everything that conies to mind about those events,no matter how broken it is retelling events in a variety of time orders,such as from beginning to end,end to beginning,forward or backward; and adopting different perspectives while recalling events.
    Experiments with police detectives trained in this demanding interview method find that they obtain nearly 50% more information from witnesses than before training,while error rates remain about the same.It is proved that cognitive interviews are quite important tools in improving the accuracy and completeness of witness testimony (證詞).
67.The purpose of the passage is toB.
A.give an account of a murder case
B.introduce an idea of cognitive interview
C.prove Fisher was an expert in cognitive interview
D.help a witness to recall information in a cognitive interview
68.What is required to recall in a cognitive interview for a witness?D
A.The exact time at which a murder took place.
B.The information about the event in the time order.
C.The important things that come to his or her mind.
D.The surroundings and feelings at the time of the event.
69.The key point in a cognitive interview is thatA
A.the witness is encouraged to take part in recalling information
B.the interviewer should interrupt the witness from time to time
C.the interview should take place outside the police station
D.the witness should recall details at the scene of the event
70.The underlined word"distorted"in the passage probably means"C
A.a(chǎn)rranged     B.balanced         C.,changed    D.examined.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

11.Upon reaching an appropriate age,usually between 18and 21years,children are encouraged,but not forced,to"leave the nest"and begin an independent life.After children leave home they often find social relationships and financial support outside the family.Parents do not arrange marriages for their children,nor do children usually ask permission of their parents to get married,Romantic love is most often the basis for marriage in the United States; young adults meet their future spousesthrough other friends,at jobs,and in organizations and religious institutions,Although children choose their own spouses,they still hope their parents will approve of their choices.
In many families,parents feel that children should make major life decisions by themselves.A parent may try to influence a child to follow a particular profession but the child is free to choose another career.Sometimes children do precisely the opposite of what their parents wish in order to assert their independence.A son may deliberately decide not to go into his father's business because ofa fear that he will lose his autonomy in his father's workplace.This independencefrom parents is not an indication that parents and children do nt love each other.Strong love between parents and children is universal and this is no exception in the American family Coexisting with such love in the American family are cultural values of self-reliance and independence.
56.The writer discusses the marriage of young adults in order to showC.
A.they choose their spouses according to their own wishes only
B.they want to win the permission of their parents
C.they have a strong desire to become independent
D.they want to challenge the authority of their parents
57.Most young adults in the U.S.get married for the sake ofA.
A.love  
B.financial concern
C.their parents  
D.family background
58.Based on the passage,it can be assumed thatC.
A.American young adults are likely to follow the suit of their parents
B.most American people never make major decisions for their children
C.American young adults posses cultural values of independence
D.once a young person steps into his twenties,he will leave his home permanently
59.A son is unwilling to work in his father's business mainly becauseB.
A.he wishes to make full use of what he has learnt in school
B.he wants to prove his independence
C.he wishes to do the opposite of what his parents approve of
D.he wants to show his love for his parents.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

8.Spring is coming and it is time for those about to graduate to look for jobs.Competition is tough,so job seekers must carefully consider their personal choices.Whatever we are wearing,our family and friends may accept us,but the workplace may not.
A high school newspaper editor said it is unfair for companies to discourage visible tattoos (紋身),nose rings,or certain dress styles.It is true you can't judge a book by its cover,yet people do"cover"themselves in order to convey (傳遞)certain messages.What we wear,including tattoos and nose rings,is an expression of who we are.Just as people convey messages about themselves with their appearances,so do companies.Dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons,but the main concern is often about what customers accept.
Others may say how to dress is a matter of personal freedom,but for businesses it is more about whether to make or lose money.Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees (雇員),because those people represent the companies to their customers.
As a hiring manager I am paid to choose the people who would make the best impression on our customers.There are plenty of well-qualified candidates,so it is not wrong to reject someone who might disappoint my customers.Even though I am open-minded,I can't expect all our customers are.
There is nobody to blame but yourself if your set of choices does not match that of your preferred employer.No company should have to change to satisfy a candidate simply because he or she is unwilling to respect its standards,as long as its standards are legal.

25.Which of the following is the newspaper editor's opinion according to Paragraph 2?C
A.People's appearances carry messages about themselves.
B.Customers'choices influence dress standards in companies.
C.Candidates with tattoos or nose rings should be fairly treated.
D.Strange dress styles should not be encouraged in the workplace.
26.What can be inferred from the text?A
A.What to wear is not a matter of personal choice for companies.
B.Hiring managers make the best impression on their candidates.
C.Candidates must wear what companies prefer for an interview.
D.Companies sometimes have to change to respect their candidates.
27.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?C
A.Hiring Managers Matter      B.Personal Choices Matter
C.Appearances Matter          D.Employees Matter
28.The author's attitude towards strange dress styles in the workplace may best be described asD.
A.enthusiastic        B.positive       C.sympathetic          D.negative.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

9.U.S.Job Openings (職位空缺) Reach 5-Year High
(WASHINGTON)-U.S.employers advertised the most job openings in more than five years in October,and the number of people quitting also reached a five-year high.The figures are an encouraging sign for the unemployed.
The Labor Department said Tuesday that job openings rose 1percent to a seasonally adjusted=3.93million.That is the highest figure since March 2008,three months after the Great Recession (蕭條) began.
And the number of workers who quit rose 2.5percent to 2.39million,the most since October 2008.More workers quitting can signal a healthy job market,because most of those people likely either have a new job or are confident they can find one.
Total hiring,though,slipped 2.6percent to 4.5million after reaching a five-year high in September.Still,overall hiring has risen 5.2percent in the past year.
More hiring,job openings and quits point to a more dynamic job market.That trend creates more opportunities for people out of work or looking for a new job.
Another positive sign in the report:Layoffs (臨時(shí)解雇) plunged 16percent to 1.47million,the lowest level on records dating to 2001.Still,while fewer layoffs are welcome,businesses need to step up hiring to more quickly reduce the still-high unemployment rate of 7percent.
Job openings remain just below the 4million figure that is thought to be consistent with a healthy job market.
The job market remains competitive,even though the competition is easing.There were 2.9unemployed people,on average,for each available job in October.That's down from a ratio (比率) of nearly 7to 1in July 2009,just after the recession ended.In a healthy economy,the ratio is typically 2to 1.
Other recent reports show that businesses are adding jobs at a solid,steady pace.Employers added 203,000positions in November,the government said Friday.The unemployment rate fell to a five-year low of 7percent.Job gains have now averaged about 200,000for the past four months.
Those figures reflect net payroll gains-the number of people hired minus those who were laid off,quit or retired.Tuesday's report on job openings and labor turnover provides more details than the monthly employment report.
59.How long did the Great Recession last according to the passage?B
A.About one year.
B.About one and a half years.
C.About five years.
D.About eight and a half years.
60.What does it seem to show that more people leave their jobs?C
A.It is the sign of more layoffs.
B.It is the effect of the recession.
C.It reflects a better employment situation.
D.It reflects a more competitive job market.
61.We can infer from the passage thatA.
A.over 200,000jobs might be provided in December
B.over three people compete for one job nowadays
C.October saw more people unemployed than September
D.1.47million people were unemployed in 2001
62.What does the passage lead the readers to believe?C
A.The US has a healthy economy now.
B.The US has a satisfying unemployment rate now.
C.The US is bringing back its economy now.
D.The US is changing its employment policy now.

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案