Question

【題目】請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個(gè)空格只填1個(gè)單詞。請(qǐng)將答案寫在答題紙上相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。

In Greek mythology, the Trojan(特洛伊) War was started against the city of Troy by the Greeks after Paris of Troy took Helen from her husband Menelaus, king of Sparta. The war is one of the most important events in Greek mythology and has appeared in many works of Greek literature, most notably through Homers(荷馬) Iliad. The Iliad relates a part of the last year of the siege(包圍) of Troy; the Odyssey describes the journey home of Odysseus, one of the war’s heroes. Other parts of the war are described in a cycle of epic poems(史詩), which have survived through fragments. The war provided material for Greek tragedy and other works of Greek literature, and for Roman poets including Virgil and Ovid.

The war originated from a quarrel between the goddesses Athena, Hera, and Aphrodite, after Eris, the goddess of strife and discord(不和諧), gave them a golden apple marked “for the fairest”. Zeus sent the goddesses to Paris, who judged that Aphrodite, as the “fairest”, should receive the apple. In exchange, Aphrodite made Helen, the most beautiful of all women and wife of Menelaus, fall in love with Paris, who took her to Troy. Agamemnon, king of Mycenae and the brother of Helen’s husband Menelaus, led an expedition of Greek troops to Troy and besieged the city for ten years because of Paris’ insult. After the deaths of many heroes the city fell to the ruse(策略) of the Trojan Horse. The Greeks slaughtered(大屠殺) the Trojans and desecrated(褻瀆) the temples, thus earning the gods’ great anger. Few of the Greeks returned safely to their homes.

The ancient Greeks treated the Trojan War as an historical event which had taken place in the 13th or 12th century BC, and believed that Troy was located in modern-day Turkey near the Dardanelles. As of the mid-19th century, both the war and the city were widely believed to be non-historical. In 1868, however, the German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann met Frank Calvert, who convinced Schliemann that Troy was at Hissarlik; this claim is now accepted by most scholars. They believe that there is a historical core to the tale. However, whether there is any historical reality behind the Trojan War is still an open question.

Topic	Sub topic	Detailed information
	【1】 in Literature	The Iliad			relating what happened in the last year of the siege
		The Odyssey			【2】 Odysseus’ journey home
		Epic poems			gaining 【3】 through fragments
		Roman poets			Virgil and Ovid included
The Trojan War	Plot Of the War		The war was 【4】 by a quarrel between the three goddesses for the title of the “fairest”.
			【5】 judged Aphrodite the “fairest” in exchange of Helen, the most beautiful woman, who was taken to Troy by him.
			Feeling 【6】 by Paris’ action, Agamemnon led an expedition of Greek troops to Troy and besieged the city for ten years.
			With the ruse of the Trojan Horse, Greek troops 【7】 the city and slaughtered the Trojans and desecrated the temples, which made the gods very angry and made few of them return home safely.
	【8】Background		The ancient Greeks’ time	■ The war was believed to be an historical event, 【9】 in the 13th or 12th century BC.
			The mid-1900s	■ The war was regarded as non-historical.
			From 1868	■ Many scholars 【10】 Frank Calvert’s claim and believe that there is a historical core to the tale, but it still remains an open question.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】Appearance

【2】describing

【3】survival

【4】caused

【5】Paris

【6】insulted

【7】occupied(took, conquered)

【8】Historical

【9】happening

【10】follow(accept)

【解析】

試題分析：本文講述的是戰(zhàn)爭是希臘神話中最重要的事件之一，在許多希臘文學(xué)作品中表現(xiàn)出來。這里描述了特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭。古希臘人把特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭當(dāng)作發(fā)生在公元前十二、十三世紀(jì)的一次歷史事件。這種說法現(xiàn)在被大多數(shù)學(xué)者所接受。

【1】 Appearance 根據(jù)第一段第二句The war is one of the most important events in Greek mythology and has appeared in many works of Greek literature, most notably through Homers(荷馬) Iliad. 戰(zhàn)爭是希臘神話中最重要的事件之一，在許多希臘文學(xué)作品中表現(xiàn)出來，多數(shù)通過荷馬史詩《伊利亞特》。此處用名詞形式，故填A(yù)ppearance。

【2】describing根據(jù)第一段第三句中the Odyssey describes the journey home of Odysseus《奧德賽》描述了奧德修斯回家的旅程。故此處填describing。

【3】survival根據(jù)第一段第四句Other parts of the war are described in a cycle of epic poems(史詩), which have survived through fragments. 其他地區(qū)的戰(zhàn)爭被描述在史詩的循環(huán)中，這已經(jīng)幸存于片段。古此處用名詞形式survival。

【4】caused根據(jù)第二段第一句The war originated from a quarrel戰(zhàn)爭起源于一次爭吵�？芍�此處填caused。

【5】Paris根據(jù)第二段第二句Zeus sent the goddesses to Paris, who judged that Aphrodite, as the “fairest”, should receive the apple. 宙斯把女神送到巴黎，因此可知此處填Paris。

【6】insulted根據(jù)第二段第四句Agamemnon, king of Mycenae and the brother of Helen’s husband Menelaus, led an expedition of Greek troops to Troy and besieged the city for ten years because of Paris’ insult. 邁錫尼國王阿伽門農(nóng)，海倫的丈夫Menelaus的哥哥領(lǐng)導(dǎo)希臘軍隊(duì)遠(yuǎn)征特洛伊并因?yàn)榘屠璧奈耆?/span>圍攻特洛伊城歷時(shí)十年。故此處填insulted。

【7】occupied(took, conquered)根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句The Greeks slaughtered(大屠殺) the Trojans and desecrated(褻瀆) the temples, thus earning the gods’ great anger. 希臘人大屠殺特洛伊人并褻瀆寺廟，因此惹得神大怒。因此可知此處填occupied(took, conquered)。

【8】Historical根據(jù)第三段第一句The ancient Greeks treated the Trojan War as an historical event which had taken place in the 13th or 12th century BC,古希臘人把特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭當(dāng)作發(fā)生在公元前十二、十三世紀(jì)的一次歷史事件�？芍�此處填Historical。

【9】happening根據(jù)第三段第一句The ancient Greeks treated the Trojan War as an historical event which had taken place in the 13th or 12th century BC,古希臘人把特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭當(dāng)作發(fā)生在公元前十二、十三世紀(jì)的一次歷史事件�？芍�此處填happening。

【10】follow(accept)根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第三句中this claim is now accepted by most scholars. 這種說法現(xiàn)在被大多數(shù)學(xué)者所接受�？芍�此處填follow(accept)。