In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more various jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the worker’s life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then variety is not an important factor.
Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important, and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it.
Another very important consideration is how each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is degree of the worker contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.
To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.
小題1:Which of the following is the best way to make workers work harder according to the author?
A.Increasing their pay.
B.Giving them more spare time.
C.Making the work itself meaningful.
D.Replacing large production lines with small ones.
小題2:The reason why a worker cannot have freedom in doing the job in his own way is that _______.
A.the machinery is so complex that it should be fixed
B.the production lines are too large in modern factories
C.the bosses can create very little freedom of choices for workers
D.the machines must be operated strictly according to instructions and rules
小題3:For a worker on an assembly line in a car factory, the job is not enjoyable because _______.
A.he can only make a part of a car
B.he does not know what he is doing
C.his life in spare time is more interesting
D.the importance of his job is not clear to him
小題4:In the article, the word “productivity” means _______.
A.the activity of producing something
B.the production volume in a time unit
C.the plan and the method of production
D.both the quantity and quality of a product
小題5:The best title for this passage may be _______.
A.Problems of Modern Workers
B.Making Jobs More Interesting
C.Pushing Workers to Produce More
D.How to Improve Labor Conditions

小題1:C
小題2:D
小題3:D
小題4:B
小題5:C

本文分析的是專家們就如何提高工人勞動生產(chǎn)率的問題所提出的不同觀點。
小題1:C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more  interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them 可推斷如果工作本身有意義,更多的錢和更短的工作時間對工人們來說就不那么重要了。因此可推出答案為C。
小題2:D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第2段The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way 中 must be used in a fixed way(必須按固定的方式),可推知答案為D。
小題3:D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第3段  In most factories the worker sees only one part of the product…工人看到的只是產(chǎn)品的一部分,而沒有意識到做出的貢獻,即不清楚工作的重要性,因此認為工作不令人愉快。由此可推出答案為D。
小題4:B。推理判斷題。推斷詞義。文章中多次出現(xiàn)這個詞。根據(jù)第1段第一句how to make their workers more productive(多產(chǎn)的),怎樣使工人的在一定時間內生產(chǎn)出更多產(chǎn)品。But do more various jobs lead to greater productivity?和 To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity?由此可猜測該詞指產(chǎn)品數(shù)量,故答案為B。
小題5:C。主旨大意題。根據(jù)第1段第1句the problem of how to make their workers more productive(如何使工人的工作更有效),即如何提高勞動生產(chǎn)率。故答案為C。
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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Computers are very important to modern life.Many people think that in the future computers will be used in lots of everyday life.It is thought that we won’t have to go shopping because we will be able to get most things which are sold in shops on the Internet.There will be no more books because we will be able to get all texts from computers.The Internet will be used to play games, see films and buy food.Most telephone calls will be made by computers, too.
Some people are glad about those new ways of shopping and communicating(交流).Others do not think that computers will replace(代替)our old ways.
Some people think that one day we will not read books made of paper. Instead, we will buy and read books using computers, which will keep many different books in them at the same time.We won’t need to turn lots of pages and paper will be saved.Computerized (計算機化的) books will be used more and more.
While many people say it is a pleasure to go into shops and look at things you want to buy.It is also unlikely that many people will want to read large texts on our computers. Because paper books will perhaps be more friendly.Maybe computers won’t change these two habits.
小題1:Which is the main idea of this passage?
A.People like going shoppingB.Reading books is important
C.Computers are importantD.Computer can be used to play games
小題2:There will be no more books because________.
A.There is no paper in the future.B.People don’t like reading books.
C.They are very expensive.D.We can read passages from computers.
小題3:Which of the following is TRUE?
A.We can see films by computers.B.People all like to go shopping by computers.
C.We can’t buy anything using computers.D.All the people like reading books from computers.
小題4:Which of the following is mentioned (提到) in the passage?
A.Computers can help us e-mail our friends.B.We can chat by using computers.
C.Computers can help us make telephone calls.D.We can listen to the music by computers.

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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

The United States will introduce a new and comprehensive(綜合的) exam for students who seek to study in American and other English-speaking countries, Xinhua News Agency reported from New York.
The exam, which stands for a great change from the current English level test, was disclosed by Theresa Chang Wei Jen, associate director of the International Service of the US College Board, America’s leading educational organization.
The Advanced Placement International English Language (APIEL) will be offered for the first time throughout the world on May 10, 2002, said Jen.
However, the APIEL is a strange title to most Chinese students, and it is unlikely to soon gain the similarity of other already existing exams, such as the TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language), the GRE(Graduate Record Examination), or the IELTS(International English Language Testing System).
“I have never heard of such a test and I would prefer the IELTS if I need another exam,” said Xu Jingyan, a graduating student from Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, who wants to study in England and has already taken the TOEFL.
Most of Xu’s classmates have never heard of the APIEL. “The APIEL is designed for international students who wish to get university studies in English-speaking countries, including the United States, Britain, Canada, and Australia.” said Jen.
The APIEL has been adopted, said Jen, because the TOEFL can no longer accurately reflect the abilities of students of using the English language comprehensively in an academic environment. Xinhua reported that a fairly large number of foreign students who earned high scores in TOEFL exam turned out to be very ordinary educational performers after admission.
Compared with the TOEFL, the APIEL measures a student’s ability to read, write, speak and understand English through testing his or her skills in listening comprehension, speaking with accuracy(精確) and resourcefulness, and writing with clarity and fluency(流暢), Jen said.
小題1:The United States will introduce a new exam because _______.
A.more and more students want to get further education in the USA
B.the Chinese people pay special attention to English studies with China’s entry into the WTO
C.the already existing exam systems seem to be far from perfect
D.it will bring the US government quite a lot of money
小題2:Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the selection?
A.It will take quite a period of time for people to accept the APIEL.
B.The TOEFL is more popular with the Chinese than the IELTS.
C.A student will have to take the APIEL if he or she wants to study in English—speaking countries from 2002.
D.Chinese students will prefer the IELTS rather than the APIEL even in the future.
小題3:The underlined word current in the second paragraph means _______.
A.modern B.present C.standard D.formal
小題4:Please decide which of the following would be the best title for this news report.
A.The Key to English-speaking Countries
B.The Four Skills in Learning English
C.TOEFL, IELTS and GRE to be Out of Date
D.New Exam Designed for Students

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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Why did humans evolve to walk upright? Perhaps because it’s just plain easier. Make that “energetically less costly”, scientifically speaking.
Bipedalism—walking on two feet, is one of the defining characteristics of being humans, and scientists have debated for years how it came about. In the latest attempt to find an explanation, researchers trained five chimps(黑猩猩)to walk on a treadmill(跑步機)while wearing masks that allowed measurement of their oxygen consumption. The chimps were measured both while walking upright and while moving on their legs and knuckles(膝關節(jié)).That measurement of the energy needed to move around was compared with similar tests on humans and the results are published in this week’s online edition of “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences”.
It turns out that humans walking on two legs use only one-quarter of the energy that chimps use while knucklewalking on four limbs(肢).And the chimps, on average, use as much energy using two legs as they did when they used all four limbs.
However, there were differences among chimps in how much energy they used, and this difference corresponded to their different manner of walking and anatomy(解剖構造).One of the chimps used less energy on two legs, one used about the same and the others used more, said David Raichlen, assistant professor of anthropology at the University of Arizona.
“What we were surprised at was the variation(變異) ”, he said in a telephone interview. Interview. “That was pretty exciting, because when you talk about how evolution works, variation is the bottom line, without variation there is no evolution.”
Walking on two legs freed our arms, opening the door to drive the world, said Raichlen. “We think about the evolution of bipedalism as one of first events that led hominids(原始人)down the path to being humans.”
The research was supported by the National Science Foundation and the L.S.B.Leakey Foundation.
小題1: The underlined word “Bipedalism” in Paragraph 2 probably means____.
A.moving sidewaysB.walking upright
C.walking on four legsD.running fast
小題2:We can infer from the passage that____.
A.scientists have no idea on how humans’ walking on two legs came about
B.scientists have had different views on why chimps walk on four legs
C.scientists have had different views on how humans’ walking on two legs vame about
D.scientists have had similar views on how humans’ walking on two legs came about
小題3:What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A.How chimps saved energy.
B.Why chimps didn't walk on two legs.
C.David Raichlen studied chimps.
D.Different chimps consumed different energy.
小題4: According to the passage, humans walk upright in order to____.
A.conserve energyB.differ from other animals
C.free their brainsD.strengthen their legs

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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

The Best of Friends
The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popularly held image(印象)of unhappy teenagers locked in their room after endless family quarrels.
An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past.” We were surprised by just how positive today’s young people seen to be about their families,” said one member of the research team.” They’re expected to be rebellious(叛逆的) and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds; they want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There’s more negotiation(商議) and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don’t want to rock the boat.”
So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends.” My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,” says 17-years-old Daniel Lazall.” I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing. As long as they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it.”Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees.”Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of what you could call negotiation. For example, as long as I’d done all my homework ,I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”
Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenagers’ rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments,” Our surprise that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in out social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to taking it over.”
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A.They worry about schoolB.They dislike living with their parents
C.They have to be locked in to avoid troublesD.They quarrel a lot with other family members
小題2:  The study shows that teenagers don’t want to ___
A.share family responsibilityB.cause trouble in their families
C.go boating with their familyD.make family decisions
小題3: Compared with parents of 30 years age, today’s parents___.
A.go to clubs more often with their childrenB.a(chǎn)re much stricter with their children
C.care less about their children’s lifeD.give their children more freedom
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A.may be a false beliefB.is common nowadays
C.existed only in the 1960sD.resulted from changes in families
小題5:What is the passage mainly about?
A.Negotiation in familyB.Education in family
C.Harmony in familyD.Teenage trouble in family

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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Like a scene out of a reality show or a Disney movie, Southgate, Mich., teenager Ashley Qualls' moment has arrived.
She may not have an MBA, a high-school diploma, or even a driver’s license yet, but Asheley Qualls already has an influential website (www. Whateverlife.Com). The 17-year-old girl hass been building her online business for two years.
In December 2004, Qualls borrowed $8 from her mother to buy the Whateverlife.com. domain name (域名). She intended to use the website as a way to share her design for My Space pages woth her friends.
But in the incontrollable, fast-moving world of cyberspace, others began noticing Qualls’ site even though she never has spent a penny on advertising.
When it comes to web traffic, Whateverlife.com .currently ranks No. 825 out of 20.3 million websites, drawing 2.4 million visitors worldwide during the last 30 days. Qualls said that on average, 72% of her site's audience made a return visit.
Whateverlife.com earned a million dollars in revenue last year and is on track to do the same this year.
"I'm stubborn and I'm independent," she said from her office in the basement of her house. "I like the feeling that it's my company, and I want to have the say-so (主張)in everything."
But don’t mistake Qualls for another smart but spoiled teenager. She is growing up fast but owns talent for life and business that elude many girls of her age.
The task of running a million-dollar company isn’t without its sacrifices( 犧牲) and challenges for a teenager. Qualls dropped out of Lincoln Park High School after her sophomore year to work fulltime on Whateverlife.com, a decision that she said shocked her family, friends and teachers . She now is studying to get her degree in graphic design.
小題1:Many people noticed Qualls’ site because_____________________.
A.it was set up by a 17-year-old girl
B.Qualls shares her design with her friends
C.Qualls has been building her online business
D.the world cyberspace develops fast and uncontrollable
小題2: Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text?
A.Qualls’ Website Whateverlife .com. No. 825 in 20.3 million websites.
B.About 2.4 million visitors worldwide visit her website every month.
C.Most of her audience have visited her website at least twice.
D.Qualls has the right to decide everything in her company.
小題3:The underlined word “elude” in the 8th paragraph means_______________.
A.a(chǎn)voidB.embarrassC.exceedD.encourage

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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

When your pet meets your infant(嬰兒),it might not be love at first sniff. When Jennifer brought her baby home from the hospital, her cherished dogs had very different reactions. Her Boxer, Sonya, was immediately gentle and protective. But Tiger, the Pomeranian, was less welcoming. “If any diapers(尿布)or toys were on the floor, he peed on them,” says the Greenbrier, mom. In the eyes of a pet, there’s a new star in home who’s stealing his spotlight. Even the gentlest animal will probably act up if he doesn’t get his usual attention. These simple steps will help your pet adjust and keep your baby safe.
Introduce Them with Care
Your newborn and per’s first encounter can set the tone for their relationship. To make it as smooth as possible, try this trick from Caryn Ruiz:“Before we left the hospital, my husband took blankets home to our dog, Daisy, so she’d know our newborn Devon’s smell.” When you get home, have your husband carry the baby so you can greet your pet without worrying about her jumping on you. A cat will likely walk away at first, while a dog probably wants to investigate right away.
To introduce your baby, get down on your pet’s level and let her have a hello sniff. Don’t panic and pull your baby away unless your pet is barking or hissing, because it’ll send the message that the baby is a threat.
Learn the Safety Basics
No matter how smoothly the introduction goes, there are certain safety rules you should follow. Never leave your baby alone with the pet. Even the gentlest animal can react unpredictably. Your baby’s crying could frighten your cat, or your dog could suddenly become territorial. Consider setting up baby gates to limit your pet’s access. To keep your cat from jumping into the bassinet(有篷蓋的搖籃), try putting mosquito netting over the top. Cats hate sticky paws, so keep the crib(有欄桿的嬰兒床)and changing table off-limits by lining the edges with sticky strips made for furniture. You can also train your dog to sleep in a crate(大木箱).
小題1:At the beginning of the passage, the author uses the stories to_____.
A.illustrate possible reactions when pets meet a newborn baby
B.show that pets don’t like a newborn baby
C.prove how friendly a pet is when it meets a newborn baby
D.introduce how terrible the pets are when a mother gets a baby home
小題2:Who is Sonya mentioned in the 1 st paragraph?
A.Jennifer’s dog.B.Jennifer’s baby.
C.Jennifer’s husband.D.A pet expert.
小題3:What can we infer from the passage?
A.Cats are more welcoming than dogs when they meet a newborn baby.
B.You must show your baby to your pet dog when it is barking.
C.You should never keep a baby together with your pet.
D.The first introduction of your newborn baby to your pet is important.
小題4: According to the passage, to keep your baby safe, you should do the following things EXCEPT_____.
A.introducing your baby to your pet with care
B.leaving your baby alone with your pet at the first day when they meet
C.setting up baby gates to limit your baby
D.keeping your pet away from your baby

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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

An allowance is an important tool for teaching kids how to budget, save and make their own decisions. Children remem­ber and learn from mistakes when their own dollars are lost or spent foolishly.
How large an allowance is appropriate? Experts say there is not right amount. Actual amounts differ from region to re­gion, and from family to family.
To set an appropriate allowance for your child, work up a weekly budget. Allow for entertainment expenditures such as movies and snacks. Next, include everyday expenses such as lunch money, bus fare, school supplies. "If you make the child responsible for these ‘ ills’," says Josephine Swanson, a consumer specialist, " he or she will learn to budget for nec­essary expenditures."
Finally, add some extra money to make saving possible. If you can, keep your child’s allowance in line with that of his friends. A child whose purchasing power falls away below his peers’ can feel left out.
It can be tough, but avoid excusing your children when they make a mistake with their allowance. When Brooke Ste­phens was ten and growing up in Jacksonville, her mother gave her $5 a week, $1.75 of which was for bus fare and lunch." If you lose your money," Brooke’s mother told her, "you walk home."
One week the girl spent all her allowance in a candy store, then she called home for a ride. " Mom made me walk home," recalls Stephens, now a financial planner in Brook­lyn. " At first I was angry. But I finally realized that she was trying to teach me an important lesson. "
Experts advise that an allowance should not be tied di­rectly to a child’s daily chores. Kids should help around the house not because they get paid for it but because they share responsibilities as members of a family. You might, however, pay a child for doing extra jobs at home, which can develop his or her initiative.
小題1: Which of the following is the possible title of the passage?
A.How to develop a child’s initiative.
B.How to work up an amount of pocket money.
C.How to teach a child to save money.
D.How to teach a child about money.
小題2: It can be inferred from the passage that if a child is given an allowance, he or she may ________.
A.spend all the money very soon
B.be spoiled and finally ruined
C.feel responsible and careful about money
D.lost the money and can not return home
小題3: In Paragraph 4, the words “his peers” refer to ________.
A.his parents B.his teachersC.his financial expertsD.his friends
小題4:The author implies in the passage that ________.
A.paying children for their housework is no good
B.a(chǎn) child’s initiative can be developed if he or she is paid for all the housework
C.children may feel lost and lonely if they have no pocket money
D.children may learn to put aside some money if they are given a great amount of pocket money

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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

For £12 you can equip an entire classroom in Burkina Faso, for £31 you can equip a school football team in Sierra Leone and for £68 you can support the whole education of a Haitian schoolgirl.
The educational presents are the latest way on the trend of charitable(慈善的)giving for Christmas. Plan UK, an international children's charity, has made its gift list focusing on helping the world's poorest countries to improve their education conditions.
"Every year we rack our brains for the perfect present and too often end up with yet another pair of socks or a useless ornament," said Marie Staunton, Plan UK's chief executive.
"This year we are offering people in the UK the chance to give twice. Buying an alternative gift for a loved one could likely save the life of some of the world's poorest children."
Plan UK is working on projects in specific countries, such as Burkina Faso, which is one of the poorest countries in the world and has a primary school enrolment rate(入學率)of just 36%. A present of £12 will help equip a classroom in Burkina Faso with chairs, desks, books and pencils.
The educational presents are the latest addition to a list of other charitable presents, including vaccinations(接種)and clean water systems.
Football strips for schoolchildren in Sierra Leone are designed to help the children have fun while continuing with the psychological healing process following the country's civil war. The £31 gift will supply the team strip, a football and a whistle to a school in Sierra Leone.
Oxfam offers similar gifts. Its Back to School kits for five pupils is a bestseller in a catalogue(目錄)which includes the £24 Christmas goat, the £30 lavatory and £12 for school dinners for up to 200 children.
小題1: The first paragraph is written to tell us________.
A.the great differences between the rich and the poor.
B.the general conditions of education in poor countries.
C.the difficulty in getting good education in poor countries.
D.the great meaning of a little money to children in poor countries.
小題2:The underlined phrase “rack our brains” means _____in the third paragraph.
A.cause physical or mental hurt
B.think very hard
C.improve our intelligence
D.make full use of
小題3:Which of the following is Right according to the passage?
A.Plan UK is working on educational projects all over the world.
B.The sufferings brought by war still have side effects on the children in Sierra Leone.
C.The educational Christmas presents have been given to the children for many years.
D.Its Back to School kits for five pupils is a bestselling book.
小題4:The title for the passage would probably be ______.
A.A new way of Christmas shopping
B.Give a helping hand to poor children
C.Buy a child an education this Christmas
D.Plan UK, an international children's charity

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