Jiang Nan, a full-time mother in Beijing, keeps a dozen or so cloth bags at home, carefully selecting one or two before heading out to get groceries. "Most of them were giveaways from advertising marketing campaigns, but others had been handed out in the street by various environmental protection organizations," she explained.
　　Since June 2008 China has forbidden the production, sale and usage of plastic bags thinner than 0.025 millimeter (毫米), and retailers (零售商) are not allowed to provide free plastic bags to their customers, no matter how thick they are.
　　Many Chinese consumers like Jiang have learned to refuse plastic bags whenever possible in their shopping. "A plastic bag may only cost a few jiao, but it's more about how bad they are for the environment," Jiang said.
　　The plastic ban is for the most part well carried out in big cities, and has been obviously effective in reducing white waste. On the first anniversary of the plastic ban Global Village of Beijing, an NGO environmental organization, shows that during the year of the ban the consumption of plastic bags fell by about 40 billion pieces in chain supermarkets alone, saving more than 1.2 million tons of petrol.
　　However, enforcement (實施) shows rather less muscle in smaller cities, towns and countryside. In a remote town like Lichuan, the awareness of environmental protection is not as strong as that in big cities. Street vendors (街頭小販) worry that they are likely to lose customers if they charge them for plastic bags. Seeing no significance in the issue, local government often turn a blind eye to banned bag trade in the market.
　　There are still those who don't have an interest in living green. Cui Lin, another Beijinger, often forgets to bring a cloth bag when shopping, and has to buy plastic bags. "Anyway I think plastic bags are neater and cleaner, and I don't mind paying a couple more jiao," he shrugged.
　　Mrs Yu, a vegetable vendor in Lichuan County, Jiangxi Province, recalled that before plastic bags became popular in the early 1990s, Chinese people always carried a bamboo basket when they visited the market. "Plastic bags are more convenient," she comments, and her view might be that of the tens of millions of people in the nation who still cling to plastic bags, paid or free. This is suggested by her trade where piles of plastic bags are still passed out every day.
小題1: In Paragraph 1, the writer uses Jiang Nan's case to __________.

A．introduce a topic	B．tell a story
C．describe a person	D．offer an argument

小題2:How did Jiang Nan get her cloth bags?

A．She bought them at a low price.

B．She borrowed them from her relatives.

C．She got them for free.

D．She made them herself.

小題3:Which is NOT the reason why some people still use plastic bags when shopping?

A．Cloth bags are difficult to get and heavy to carry.

B．People's awareness of environmental protection is not strong enough.

C．People don't mind paying a couple more jiao for plastic bags.

D．Street vendors worry that they are likely to lose customers if they charge them.

小題4:What does the underlined phrase “cling to” in the last paragraph mean?

A．stop using

B．continue to use

C．stay close to

D．hold tightly

小題5:What message does the writer mostly convey in the passage?

A．To reduce white waste is urgent.

B．The plastic bag ban has achieved great success.

C．There is still a long way to go for the plastic bag ban.

D．People's awareness of environmental protection should be stressed.

Full face transplants are no longer science fiction fantasy, a leading surgeon has said, adding that they are technically practical but ethically（道德地）complex.
Peter Butler from London’s Royal Free Hospital called for a debate on the ethics of such an operation made possible by new drugs which stop the body’s immune (免疫）system rejecting a transplanted face. “It is not ‘can you do it?’ but ‘should we do it?’” he told the BBC. “The technical part is not complex, but I don’t think that’s going to be the very great difficulty. The ethical and moral debate is obviously going to have to take place before the first facial transplantation.”
The British Association of Plastic Surgeons will discuss the microsurgical procedure (微型外科技術(shù)), which could give new skin, bone, nose, chin, lips and ears from deceased donors to patients disfigured（毀容的）by accidents, burns or cancer. But surgeons could have trouble finding enough willing donors. Butler said his survey of doctors, nurses and members of the public showed most would accept a face transplant but few were willing to donate their own after dying.
Despite a number of ethical concerns, Christine Piff, who founded the charity Let’s Face It after suffering a rare facial cancer 25 years ago, welcomed the possibility of face transplants. She rejected the idea that the procedure would mean people would end up living with a dead person’s face. “There are so many people without faces, I have half a face… but we are all so much more than just a face… you don’t take on their personality. You are still you,” she told reporters. “If we can donate other organs of the body then why not the face. I can’t see anything wrong with it.”
小題1:The underlined word “deceased” in the third paragraph probably means _________.

A．living

B．dead

C．diseased

D．dying

小題2: When Christine Piff says “There are so many people without faces…”, she refers to the people _________.

A．who are dishonorable and shameless

B．who disagree with the full face transplant

C．who are seriously injured by an accident

D．who are disfigured by accidents, burns and cancer

小題3:According to the passage, what makes it likely to carry out a facial transplantation?

A．Drugs are available to stop the body’s immune system rejecting a transplanted face.

B．There are some people who are willing to donate their faces after dying.

C．Most people accept the idea of face transplants.

D．It’s morally practical, though technically complex.

小題4:What is implied but not stated in the passage?

A．Christine Piff has been the first lucky patient to receive a face transplant.

B．Surgeons have difficulty finding enough willing donors.

C．The main difficulty with the operation lies in the matter of ethics and morality.

D．Nobody other than Christine Piff is quite in favor of the donation of organs.

小題5:What would be the best title for the text?

A．First Facial Transplantation

B．Debate on the Ethics of Transplant

C．Face Transplant No Longer Science Fantasy

D．Let’s Face It

Our environment isn’t as green and beautiful as it should be. There are steel monsters blocking out the sun, blowing out dangerous smoke, and letting out poisonous chemicals into rivers, cars producing harmful waste gas, people throwing out waste in a wrong way and all other kinds of sources that ruin the planet. Facing current environmental problems, people need to do their best to save the Earth.
You can see many big garbage dustbins in the streets. They’re not there for a show, but for you to drop your waste. We should realize that what a little we do does count. So next time you get that urge to throw gum or a chocolate package out of the car window, or “ accidentally” drop as you walk down the street, ask yourself how much waste you’ve been contributing to the environment with that bad habit going on for years.
At home, the first thing we can do to protect the environment is avoid letting water run continuously and make sure that taps（水龍頭）are not leaky（泄露的），which would help greatly in scrimping. Another is to use energy-saving lights, and turn them off before you leave the rooms. It’s not only energy-saving, but also cuts down electricity costs.
Recycling is a method to make items reusable. Many things you want to throw out can be made into new products through the reproducing process. Use your imagination to come up with ways on things that you can use again.
Pass the message of simple ways to save the environment on to kids. Starting with kids is a good way of teaching the message early in their lives, in the hope that they can carry it forward as they grow older.
With environmental protection awareness in mind, we can do what we can, for the results are to have a big effect on the planet. As long as we do our part, the world is one small step closer to being saved.
小題1:The underlined word “scrimping” in the third paragraph can be replaced by _____.

A．saving

B．cleaning

C．cooking

D．drinking

小題2:From the fifth paragraph, we can know that ________.

A．protecting the environment begins with small chores

B．protecting the environment should start from childhood.

C．wonderful life comes from environmental protection

D．protecting the environment benefits the country and the people

小題3:Which of the following isn’t true?

A．The more people do their part, the greener the environment will be.

B．Selling what you don’t want any more is a kind of recycling.

C．To protect the environment may help you save some money.

D．Your bad habits for the environment are a valuable contribution.

小題4:Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?

A．The Use of Garbage Dustbin

B．How to Save Water and Electricity

C．How to Save the Environment

D．Our Current Environmental Problems

At East China University of Science and Technology, students will get a coupon（優(yōu)惠券）if they eat up their food. Students can collect coupons and exchange them for small gifts, such as books, magazines, mobile phone covers and hand warmers.
“It’s been such a surprise,” said Liang Zhaoyun, 19, a student at the university in Shanghai. “It has given us one more motivation to finish our food.”
The measure （措施） is part of a national “eat-up” campaign（行動） which is organized by students to deal with food waste on campuses（校園）.
Why only on campuses, you might ask? Because according to a report by Xinhna News Agency, students waste twice as much food as the national average（平均）.
The campaign on campus food waste is receiving attention across the country.
“The aim of the campaign is not only to encourage students to finish their food. We hope it can also encourage students to choose a more environment-friendly and healthy lifestyle,” said Tao Siliang, secretary of the Youth League Committee at Shanghai University.
But some school food is poorly prepared, so students do not like to finish it all. Some schools have taken notice of this and they are taking measures to improve it.
“I’m glad that we’ve reduced food waste since the ‘eat-up’ campaign began. But if we call on students to waste less food, we should also improve the service and food standard on campuses.” said Tao.
小題1:From Paragraph l, we know that the students will get a coupon __________.

A．when they eat school food	B．a(chǎn)fter they exchange gifts
C．if they collect the waste	D．if they finish all their food

小題2:The underlined word “motivation” in Paragraph 2 means __________ in Chinese.

A．動力

B．機會

C．試驗

D．條件

小題3:The “eat-up” campaign is carried out on campuses because __________.

A．students get a good education

B．schools offer small gifts

C．students waste too much food

D．school food is more delicious

小題4:The purpose of the campaign is mainly to __________.

A．improve the school food standard

B．encourage a greener and healthier lifestyle

C．receive attention from the society

D．further improve the service in universities

小題5: The best title for this passage may be __________.

A．Enjoy Your Food!	B．Reduce Waste on Campus
C．Meals in Universities.	D．“Eat-up” Campaign on Campus

Which came first, the chicken or the egg? This is one of life’s ______ questions and people have been debating about it for thousands of years. Now scientists believe they have solved this ______. Researchers from Sheffield and Warwick Universities in England discovered the answer ____. They used a super computer to observe the shell-making process while a new shell was ____. Then they found one protein called OC17 that is ______ for forming eggshell. This is only found inside a chicken’s body, which is proof that the ______ came first. The team was ______ looking at how animals and birds make eggshells but suddenly made their surprising ______. The big question now is where chickens came from. The ______ is from dinosaurs.
The research team said eggshells are one of nature’s most ______ creations. Professor John Harding from the team told reporters: “Understanding how chickens make eggshells is fascinating in itself, but it can also be _____ in designing new materials.” Eggshells are very lightweight but incredibly strong. Even the most up-to-date materials _____ by the world’s top engineers cannot produce anything as ______ as an eggshell. Professor Harding added that ______ eggshells could help to cure bone diseases and design materials for the construction industry. “Nature has found wonderful ways that ___ for all kinds of problems in materials science and technology — we can learn a lot from them.” he said.

小題1:	A．strangest B．best C．oldest D．Closest

小題2:	A．puzzle B．fact C．history D．opinion

小題3:	A．on purpose B．by chance C．without hesitation D．a(chǎn)t work

小題4:	A．breaking B．changing C．disappearing D．Forming

小題5:	A．necessary B．easy C．kind D．impossible

小題6:	A．egg B．eggshell C．chicken D．dinosaur

小題7:	A．obviously B．originally C．thoughtfully D．surprisingly

小題8:	A．invention B．mistake C．statement D．discovery

小題9:	A．a(chǎn)nswer B．research C．road D．egg

小題10:

A．common B．ridiculous C．funny D．a(chǎn)mazing

小題11:

A．interesting B．helpful C．normal D．correct

小題12:

A．bought B．cut C．designed D．carried

小題13:

A．brilliant B．ordinary C．1ight D．small

小題14:

A．finding B．watching C．studying D．making

小題15:

A．happen B．work C．wait D．Look

Most American schools have boys and girls in the same classroom. But a public high school in the small, rural town of Boonsboro, Maryland, offers a special program called the Academy. Top students in the ninth and tenth grades can attend single-sex classes for math, science, English and social studies.
The aim is to help teenagers keep their mind on their work by keeping males and females apart. What they really want to do is take that top group of kids and take them to the very highest level they can achieve there, so that they’re prepared for college.
Students are invited to enter this program after they finish middle school, and placement in the Academy is voluntary. However, they need high marks and test scores and strong teacher recommendations. They also need to be involved in activities.
Almost 350 students have taken part in the Academy. It began as an experiment in 2010.
Michael Bair has been at Boonsboro High for twenty years and directs the Academy. His ninth-grade English class for boys centers on books that he believes boys find interesting. He says that the novels the students are reading now are very manly (男子氣概的) novels. These novels deal with the arrogance (傲慢) of man and the pride of man which finally leads to man’s downfall.
One of those books, for example, is The Call of the Wild by Jack London. This classic story tells of a dog stolen from his home and sold to work as a sled dog in Canada’s Klondike Gold Rush.
Morgan Fleet, a senior at Boonsboro High, likes being in the Academy. She says boys and girls act differently when they are together in a classroom. She believes this difference seems to prevent her from developing herself because she’s more focused on thoughts like “Oh, I wish they would shut up. Oh, what do they think of me?’’ instead of focusing on “What’s the homework? What’s going on in this class? What’s the lesson?”.
There is one activity that girls and boys in the Academy do together. At the end of the day, many of them stay and help tutor students who are having trouble in school.
小題1:What is the purpose of the Academy program?

A．To offer a special program in high school.

B．To help students concentrate on study.

C．To strengthen sex education for teenagers.

D．To start learning college courses earlier.

小題2:To enter the Academy program, students are NOT required to _________.

A．do well in their study	B．be recommended by teachers
C．take part in some activities	D．have worked as volunteers

小題3:The Call of the Wild is given as an example to show that male students ___.

A．should learn more about literature

B．should have a sense of protecting the wildlife

C．a(chǎn)re reading more manly novels

D．a(chǎn)re interested in stories on animals

小題4:Which is likely to be Morgan Fleet’s opinion?

A．A girl cares about the boys’ opinions of her.

B．Single-sex classes should be stopped.

C．Girls are more focused when studying with boys.

D．Boys and girls act the same in separate classrooms.

小題5:The passage is intended to _________.

A．introduce the single-sex class project

B．explain the differences between boys and girls

C．persuade students to enter the Academy program

D．urge students to work hard in their study

Bicycle lights may not exactly be a problem that needs solving, but the following can be said about most of them ---- they’re easily stolen if left on an unattended bike. People riding at dusk can forget to turn them on, and those same people can forget to turn them off when they reach their destination. Well, the makers of the Blink/ Steady Bike Light have set out to address all of those shortcomings.
The waterproof(防水的) Blink/ Steady is so far only available as a tail light, although a head light is on the way. It’s fixed onto the bike’s seat post. A built- in photosensor(感光器) tells when it’s become dark enough for the light to be required, and allows it to come on once you begin the riding. According to the producers, it isn’t fooled by things such as headlights or streetlights. The light also contains an accelerometer, also known as a motion sensor, which can tell when the bike is in motion.
Between the two sensors, this means the light will come on only once it’s dark enough, and the bike is moving. Even when stopped at red lights, the small movements of the rider will reportedly be enough to keep the light activated---- it’ll go out after 30 seconds of complete inactivity. While this does mean that the two sensors are continuously powered up, they go into a very low---- power sleep pattern when the bike is sitting, unused.
Light is provided by two5- watt LEDs, seeable over a range of 180 degrees. And power comes from two AAA batteries, which provided up to 200 hours of continuous run time. The designers and engineers behind the Blink/ Steady are now raising money for its commercial production. About US $95 will get you one if they become available.
小題1:The first paragraph is mainly to mean that______.

A．bicycle lights are worth a research

B．bicycle lights are not a problem at all

C．bicycle lights are easy to deal with

D．bicycle lights are difficult to turn off

小題2:According to the text, the Blink/Steady Bike Light is sensitive to______.

A．the weather

B．streetlights

C．headlights

D．natural light

小題3:Why is there an accelerometer in the Blink/ Steady Bike Light?

A．To protect the bike against water.

B．To tell if the bike is moving.

C．To make the bike easy to ride.

D．To judge the speed of the bike.

小題4:What can be inferred about the Blink/ Steady Bike Light?

A．It will be turned off immediately if the bike stops.

B．The traffic lights have no effect on the light.

C．It won’t use any power if the bike is unused.

D．It must meet two requirements if it comes on.

GCSEs not fit for purpose
GCSEs（General Certificate of Secondary Education，普通中等教育證書）encourage "teaching to the test" and may be past their sell-by date, according to Britain's leading business organization. The Confederation of British Industry（CBI） warns that the qualification is stopping teachers delivering an "inspirational classroom experience" and should be replaced.
John Cridland, the CBI director general, said industry faced a shortage of key skills, particularly in science and maths. The CBI（英國工業(yè)聯(lián)合會）, which represents more than 240,000 companies, is also concerned about the 40% of young people who fail to achieve the benchmark of five good GCSE passes including English and maths. The percentage of pupils who reach this standard is the main measure of school success.
Speaking at the launch of a CBI inquiry into education, Cridland argued that abandoning GCSEs could help deliver a full education. "There's something about this GCSE limitation which produces a form of learning ------ teaching for the test.’’
"It frustrates teachers because it stops them delivering that inspirational classroom experience."
The CBI head suggested that raising the school leaving age to 18 – a change that comes into effect in 2015 – is an opportunity to reform the system. "It seems to me that we've raised the participation age to 18 and we're left with an education system that focuses on 16," said Cridland. More than 600,000 children in England, Wales and Northern Ireland are due to take GCSEs this summer.
Many other countries do without a public exam at 16. Finland, the highest performing school system in Europe, has just one public exam, at 18, though children are regularly tested at younger ages.
小題1:What does the author intend to tell us in paragragh1？

A．“Teaching to the test” should be encouraged.

B．We should stop teachers delivering “inspirational experience”.

C．The current qualification is out of date and should be replaced.

D．The Confederation of British Industry should be replaced.

小題2:What’s the main idea of the passage？

A．The British GCSEs are no longer practical and should be reformed.

B．In the GCSEs system , teachers don’t have freedom.

C．Five good GCSEs is hard to achieve.

D．The British Education Department will reform education system.

小題3:The meaning of the underlined word “benchmark” in paragraph 2 may be ______.

A．success

B．target

C．standard

D．excellent grades

小題4:Where can we find this article?

A．TV series	B．radio news
C．newspaper education section	D．government report

Instead of hitting the beach, fourteen high school students traded swimming suits for lab coats last summer and turned their attention to scientific experiments.
The High School Research Program offers high school students guidance with researchers in Texas A&M’s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. Jennifer Funkhouser, academic adviser for the Department of Rangeland Ecology and Management, directs this four-week summer program designed to increase understanding of research and its career potential.
Several considerations go into selecting students, including grades, school involvement and interest in science and agriculture. And many students come from poorer school districts, Funkhouser says, “This is their chance to learn techniques and do experiments they never would have a chance to do in high school.”
Warner Ervin of Houston is interested in animal science and learned how to tell male from female mosquitoes(蚊子）.His adviser, Craig Coates, studies the genes of mosquitoes that allow them to fight against malaria and yellow fever. Coates thought this experience would be fun and helpful to the high school students.
The agricultural research at A&M differs from stereotypes. It’s “molecular(分子）science on the cutting edge,” Funkhouser says. The program broadened students’ knowledge. Victor Garcia of Rio Grande City hopes to become a biology teacher and says he learned a lot about chemistry from the program.
At the end of the program, the students presented papers on their research. They’re also paid $600 for their work-another way this program differs from others, which often charge a fee.
Fourteen students got paid to learn that science is fun, that agriculture is a lot more than milking and plowing and that research can open many doors.
小題1:The research program is chiefly designed for  _______.

A．high school advisers from Houston

B．college students majoring in agriculture

C．high school students from different places

D．researchers at the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences

小題2:It can be inferred from the text that the students in poorer areas  ___________ .

A．had little chance to go to college

B．could often take part in the program

C．found the program useful to their future

D．showed much interest in their high school experiments

小題3:When the program was over, the students  ________.

A．entered that college	B．wrote research reports
C．paid for their research	D．found way to make money

小題4:The underlined expression “on the cutting edge” in paragraph 5 means “on the most  ___ position”.

A．important	B．favorable
C．a(chǎn)stonishing	D．a(chǎn)dvanced

About ten men in every hundred suffer from color blindness in some way. Women are luckier, only about one in two hundred is affected in this matter. Perhaps, after all, it is safer to be driven by a woman!
There are different forms of color blindness. In some cases a man can not see deep red. He may think that red, orange and yellow are all shades of green. Sometimes a person cannot tell the difference between blue and green. In rare cases an unlucky man may see everything in shades of green - a strange world indeed.
Color blindness in human beings is a strange thing to explain. In a single eye there are millions of very small things called “cones”. These help us to see in a bright light and to tell difference between colors. There are also millions of “rods” but these are used for seeing when it is nearly dark. They show us shape but no color.
Some insects have favorite colors. Mosquitoes (蚊子) like blue but do not like yellow. A red light will not attract insects, but a blue lamp will. In a similar way human beings also have favorite colors. Yet we are lucky. With the aid of the cones in our eyes we can see many beautiful colors by day, and with the aid of the rods we can see shapes at night. One day we may even learn more about the invisible (看不見的) colors around.
小題1:Why do some people say it is safer to be driven by women?

A．Women are more careful.

B．There are few color-blind women.

C．Women are fonder of driving than men.

D．Women are weaker but quicker in thinking

小題2:This passage is mainly about ________.

A．color and its surprising effects

B．women being luckier than men

C．danger caused by color blindness

D．color blindness

小題3:According to the passage, with the help of the “cones”， we can ________.

A．tell orange from yellow

B．see in weak light

C．kill mosquitoes

D．tell different shapes

小題4:We can attract and kill mosquitoes by using a ________.

A．red light

B．yellow light

C．blue light

D．green light