2008年高三教學(xué)測(cè)試（三）
英 語
考生須知：
1．全卷分試卷I、II和答題卷三部分，試題卷14頁，答題卷2頁，86 小題，滿分為150分，考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。
2．本卷全部答案必須做在答題卷的相應(yīng)位置上，做在試題卷上無效。
3． 請(qǐng)用藍(lán)、黑墨水鋼筆或圓珠筆將姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)分別填寫在答題卷的相應(yīng)位置上。
第Ⅰ卷 (共 100分)
第一部分：英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）
第一節(jié): 單項(xiàng)填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）
從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)上，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。
1. ―Excuse me, could you tell me the time, please?
―Sorry, I don’t have a watch with me.
― ________.
A. Thanks a lot B. What a pity
C. I’m sorry to hear that D. Thanks anyway
2. ―Does Bill do his new job well?
― ________ his old job. I’m afraid there’s no hope for him.
A. Not better than B. No better than C. Not so well as D. Not as well as
3. ________ the spokesman said at the conference was recorded and translated into other languages.
A. Whatever B. No matter what C. However D. No matter how
4. Before Tom left home, his mother kept telling him to ________ his manners at the party.
A. mind B. notice C. watch D. care
5. ―What do you think of the manager of your company?
―Oh, he is ________ manager who’s pleasant to work with. It’s ________ pleasure to work with him.
A. the; a B. a; a C. a; the D. 不填; a
6. “It's a waste of money to have the lights __________ all day long,” Mr. Wilson said to the students.
A. burn B. to burn C. burning D. burnt
7. On my way to Hangzhou, something ________ wrong with the car, and it ________ not start.
A. being; could B. going; should C. was; might D. went; would
8. As soon as I entered Evan’s company I saw a board on which ________ “Welcome to Evans”.
A. read B. wrote C. was read D. were written
9. ―How long do you think it is ________ he arrived here?
―No more than half a year, I believe.
A. when B. since C. before D. that
10. She will have to find some other work for she can’t ________ this loud noise any more.
A. come up with B. put up with C. grow up with D. keep up with
11. ― Why weren't you at the meeting?
― I ________ for a long distance call from my sister in America.
A. am waiting B. was waiting C. have waited D. had waited
12 I’ve just seen no more than one copy of “ Gone with the Wind”in the bookshop opposite. Tom, go and buy______ if you want to have one.
A. one B. any C. it D. some
13. ― Tom, you failed the exam. You see, it was not difficult for you.
― Yes, I ________ it, but I was too careless.
A. must have passed B. could have passed
C. might pass D. would pass
14. The village ________ we see today is no longer ________ it was ten years ago.
A. that; that B. which; how C. /; what D. what; which
15. ― Why not take my car to the museum instead of walking?
― No, thanks. ________.
A. I’m used to B. I’m able to C. I’m about to D. I’ve got to
16. The thief ran away _____ the police appeared．
A. the moment B. for the moment C. even if D. as though
17. By building a dam instead of new
coal plants to meet its growing demand for electricity,
A. give away B. give off C. give back D. give in
18. “The rest of the magazines _____ within half an hour,” said the manager very happily.
A. is sold out B. are sold out C. was sold out D. were sold out
19. Ann was reading a detective novel, ________ completely to the outside world.
A. being lost B. having lost C. losing D. lost
20. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he________ badly wounded and that he________ at once.
A.should be; be operated on B. were; must be operated on
C. was; be operated on D. be; should be operated
第二節(jié): 完型填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21-40各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。
I consider myself something of an expert on apologies. A quick temper(脾氣) has 21 me with plenty of opportunities to make them. In one of my earliest 22 , my mother is telling me, “Don’t watch the 23 when you say ‘I’m sorry’. Hold your head up and look the person in the 24 , so he’ll know you 25 it, and he’ll be glad to accept your apology.”
My mother thus made the key point
of a(n) 26 apology: it must be direct. You must
never 27 to be doing something else. You do not
One of the important things you should do for an effective 33 is that we should be ready to 34 the responsibility(責(zé)任) for our careless mistakes. We are used to making excuses, which leaves no 35 for the other person to 36 us. Since most people are open-hearted, the no-excuse apology leaves both sides feeling 37 about themselves. After all, that is the 38 of every apology. It 39 little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault: answering for one’s 40 encourages others to take their share of the blame.
21 .A．provided B．mixed C．compared D．treated
22. A．dreams B．courses C．memories D．ideas
23. A．side B．ground C．wall D．bottom
24. A．mind B．soul C．face D．eye
25. A．imagine B．enjoy C. mean D．forget
26. A．useful B．successful C. equal D．basic
27. A．pretend B．forget C．refuse D．expect
28. A．hold on B．put away C. look through D．pick up
29. A．poorer B．weaker C．worse D．lower
30. A．fault B．reason C．result D．duty
31. A．cruelly B．freely C．rudely D．foolishly
32. A．manners B．excuses C．efforts D．roles
33. A．chance B．apology C. excuse D．blame
34. A．raise B．perform C．admit D．bear
35. A．situation B．need C．sign D．room
36. A．advise B．forgive C．warn D．blame
37. A．wiser B．brighter C．better D．cleverer
38. A．purpose B．method C. means D．advantage
39. A．cares B．matters C．depends D．remains
40. A．facts B．states C．rights D．actions
第二部分：閱讀理解（第一節(jié)20小題，第二節(jié)5小題；每小題2分，滿分50分）
第一節(jié): 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。
A
As our van(有篷貨車)pulled up to the farm to start a three-month program for troubled boys, we passed a cowboy on his horse. Bill was the owner of the farm, and he sat at the gate to wave us in. We made eye contact(接觸) through the dusty window and he gave us a warm welcome.
All summer long Bill and his farm-hands taught us to ride horses, cut grass, cut up wood, and round up cattle. He understood the value of working with your hands, and we respected him for his knowledge and gentle leadership. He knew how important it was for boys like me to know that someone believed in them. He trusted us to do the job and do it right and we didn’t want to let him down. Several times that summer he took me fishing and we not only talked about how to cast a line, but also about my dreams and what I wanted from life. He encouraged me to make goals and shared stories from his own expenses.
The last day at the farm, Bill pulled me aside and praised me for the work I had done that summer―not only on the farm, but also on myself. He told me if I ever needed anything I could count on him. Four years later, I took him up on that offer. I called him up and asked for a job, I told him how his confidence in me had given me the courage to change my life. I explained that I wanted to help others in the same way. He offered me a job on the spot. I’m proud to say that each summer I’m the one who opens the gate for a van full of young men who need someone to believe in them, so they can learn to believe in themselves.
41. According to the author, what is important for the troubled boys?
A. To have a job.
B. To have enough money.
C. To know that someone believes in him.
D. To know that someone takes care of them.
42. Why did the author go to the farm the first time?
A. He went there to find a part-time job.
B. He went there to visit the owner of the farm.
C. He went there to receive education as a troubled boy.
D. He led some troubled boys there to complete the 3-month program.
43. What does the underlined sentence mean?
A. He refused bill’s offer.
B. He accepted Bill’s offer.
C. He was interested in Bill’s offer.
D. He felt satisfied with Bill’s offer.
44. From the last paragraph, we can infer that the author ________.
A. was given a job later
B. became the owner of the farm
D. became the gatekeeper of the farm
B
The girls in this sixth grade class in
After re-examining a thousand
studies, the AAUW researchers found that girls make up only a small percentage
of students in computer science classes. And they use computers less often than
boys outside the classroom.
An instructor of a computer lab
says he's already noticed some difference. Charles Cheadle
of Cesar Chavez School says, "Boys are not so afraid they might do
something that will harm the computer, while girls are afraid they might break
it somehow."
Six years ago, the software
company Purple Moon noticed that girls' computer usage was falling behind boys.
Karen Gould with the company says, "The number one reason girls told us
they don't like computer games is not that they're too violent, or too
competitive. Girls just said they're unbelievably boring." What girls
want, Purple Moon found, is characters they can relate to and story lines
relative to what's going on in their own lives. "What we found from girls
is the reason why they wouldn't want to play on a computer; it was just a
content thing," says Karen Gould.
The sponsor(主辦者) of the study says it all boils
down to this: the technology gender gap that separates the girls from the boys
must be closed if women are to compete effectively with men in the 21st
century.
45. According to the passage, girls are victims of the gender gap in technology
because ___,
A. they can not discover new ways
to use computers
B. they have the same access to
computers as boys
C. they
are likely to be less comfortable with computers
D. they can only use
computers for word processing
46. Girls often feel _____.
A. bored
with computer games
B. confident using computers
C. it easy to use computers in problem
solving
D. interested in the content of
computer games
47. The research on girls and computers is ___.
A. based on a few recent studies
B. based
on a great number of studies
C. presented by one person
D. not considered well grounded
48. The gender gap needs to be closed because ___.
A. it isn't fair that boys are
allowed to use computers all the time
B. there isn't enough money for
updating computer system
C. most of the causes may result
in a question of money
D. the
ability to use computers is important in today's world
A "blogger"
is a person who writes on an Internet computer website called a "blog". The word "blog"
is a short way of saying Web log, or personal website. Anyone can start a blog, and they can write about anything they like.
There are millions of blogs on the Internet today. They offer news, information and ideas to many
people who read them. They contain links to other websites. And they provide a
place for people to write their ideas and react to the ideas of others.
A research company called Perseus has studied more than 3,000 Web logs. It says that blogs are most popular with teenage girls. They use them to
let their friends know what is happening in their lives. The study also says
that more than 100,000 bloggers stopped taking part
in the activity after a year.
However, some people develop
serious blogs to present political and other ideas.
For example, the Republican and Democratic parties in the southern state of
At the same time, some
long-standing blogs have ended. Last week, blogging leader Dave Winer closed
his free blog service, weblogs.com. He says the site
became too costly to continue. He started the blog
four years ago, and thousands of people had written on it. They are now upset
because they did not know that the site was closing.
One blog
that is still going strong is called Rebecca's Pocket. Rebecca Blood created
the website in 1999. She wrote about the history of blogs
on the site. That article led to a book called "The Weblog
Handbook". It has been translated into four languages so far.
Ms Blood says Rebecca's
Pocket gets about 30,000 visitors a month. She writes about anything and everything
－ politics, culture and movies. She
recently provided medical advice. And she wrote about how to prevent people
from stealing money from on-line bank accounts.
49. The text is mainly written to _____.
A. tell us
about blogs
B. tell us how to write blogs
C. explain
why "blogs" are popular
D. introduce some famous bloggers
50. From the text we can learn that blogs cover
almost everything except ______.
A. different ideas B.
medical advice
C. advertisements D. live parties
51. Which statement is NOT true according to the text?
A.
Politicians don't use blogs at all.
B. A lot of bloggers give up writing after a while.
C. Those who like to use blogs are mostly teenage girls.
D. Dave Winer closed his website due to money problems.
52. The best reason why Rebecca's Pocket
is still going strong is that ______ .
A. it provides information
B. it is about the history of blogs
C. it is about anything and everything
D. it h as editions in at least four different
languages
Cafe Hub
Next to the Castle lies The Hub, home of the
The Hub, Castlehill, Royal Mile,
Tel: 0131 473 2067 www.thehub-edinburgh.com
Farm World
Enjoy
being "A Farmer for a Day". Join in delivering and feeding our spring
babies ― bottle feeding sessions twice daily. Fun for all family. Horse Rides,
BMX Bikes Cross Country Course, Tractor Ride through 600 acres, New Adventure
Playground, Nature Trails. Full details on website.
Open: May ― Oct. Wednesdays to Saturdays and daily during school holidays
Tel: 01797 260256/260321 www.farmworld-rye.co.uk
Enter the Europe-wide student competition!
Are you curious, creative and energetic? Are you interested in the new media?
Are you between 12 and 19 years of age? Then Joining Multimedia 2008 is for
you!
Your challenge will be to build a team and develop a multimedia presentation in
English ― based on one of three different topics. You can register (報(bào)名) between May 1 and June 15, 2008 and will have to turn in your entry
before September 15, 2008
The rewards are wonderful: ￡
53. You'll have to register first if you want ____ .
A. to enjoy delicious food
B. to try Tractor Ride through 600
acres
C. to
enter the Europe-wide student competition
D. to watch the world go by
from the beautiful terrace
54. According to the passage, there will be ____ rewards for the Europe-wide
student competition.
A. one B. two C.
three D.
four
55. You can visit Farm World ____.
A. on Monday in May B. on Thursday in
October
C. at 2 p. m. at Christmas D. at 9:
56. From the advertisements above, we can learn that ____.
A. Cafe
Hub is a popular place in the local area
B. Farm World provides lunches,
snacks and fine dining
C. families can enjoy Horse Rides on
New Adventure Playground
D. the Europe-wide student competition will be held on June 15, 2008
For years, prices have risen in
Reduce the amount of money being issued
Many experts believe inflation
happens because too much money is printed. The more money the central bank issues,
the more inflation there is. Therefore, the most important thing to do for any
government is to control the amount of money being issued.
Cut down on government spending and increase government income
Over-spending
and over-expanding of governments can make inflation worse. Therefore it is
helpful to reduce the size of big government bodies, cut down on their spending
and pay fewer and smaller subsidies (津貼) to prevent inflation from speeding up.
Slow down the increase of salaries
It seems that giving bigger
salaries to workers helps them manage when prices of their shopping are going
up. In fact, as salaries increase, the central bank will have to issue more
money to pay for the increase. Thus, increasing salaries may not be so good as
it sounds. It's like cheating. Salaries should only be increased if workers
produce more.
Increase bank interests
Interest increases can make
more people put more money into banks. At the same time, enterprises take out
fewer loans. Demand for money on the whole is lower.
Keep prices under strict control
Prices can be lowered by
setting a ceiling--the highest prices--for most goods and freezing prices on most
goods.
57. The word "issue" in Paragraph 2 means ____.
A. use B. print C.
quarrel D.
invent
58. The writer uses "medicine" in title to stand for ____.
A. ways to
reduce inflation B.
reasons for inflation
C. something to treat patients D.
prices without control
59. What is probably the best way to reduce inflation?
A. No money will be issued. B.
Salaries will be reduced.
C. More products will be produced. D.
Prices will be controlled.
60. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way of reducing inflation?
A. controlling prices
B. adjusting bank interests
C. improving people's
living standards
D. controlling the amount of money being issued
第二節(jié)：Ms. Robinson，Hilary，Rose， Mr. Pearson和John
61. _________ Ms. Robinson’s students are studying French and German. She would like them to speak both of the languages at some point while they are away.
62. _________ Hilary’s students are fourteen years old. Some of them learn French, so she wants to find a holiday course which can offer individual language lessons for those who would like to improve their French.
63. _________ Rose has a small group of students. They all want to sail but unfortunately some of them are unable to swim, although they’re eager to learn.
64. _________ Mr. Pearson’s class have just started to learn German and he wants a holiday which mixes studying the language with plenty of free time to explore the foreign country.
65. _________ John has a class of eleven-year-olds who are crazy about sport. He’d like a course which organizes a complete program, including all kinds of sports, meals and entertainments.
A. Summer School in the
B. Summer in
C. Greek Sailing Holidays: Arrive by air and then hire one of our new boats with all the latest equipment to sail around the Greek islands. These boats sleep up to twenty students and two teachers. Trained sailing staff are available but you must be able to swim.
D. Summer Course in
E. Holiday Programs in
F. Summer Schools in
第II卷 （共50分）
第三部分：寫作（共三節(jié)，滿分50分）
第一節(jié): 單詞拼寫（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)下列句子及所給單詞的首字母，在答題紙上按題號(hào)寫出各單詞正確的完全形式（每空限寫一詞）
66. Years ago, my daughter p_________ apples to bananas. But now she likes neither of them.
67. It was too noisy outside. I couldn’t fall a__________ last night. What about you?
68. Passengers, Flight 6607 is taking off. Please go on b_________ the plane immediately.
69. I think reading English newspapers is a good way of i__________ your English.
70. The illness spread q__________ and soon masses of people in the surrounding areas were in hospital.
71. According to the school rule, we students are f__________ to use cellphones in the school.
72. Excuse me, could you lend me one of your d__________? I want to look up a new expression in it.
73. Every four years athletes from all over the world c__________ for medals and develop
friendship as well at the Olympic Games.
74. The e___________ to the cave has been blocked up, so you can’t go in.
75. Children are taught to show r__________ for their teachers and parents.
第二節(jié): 短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）
此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行作出判斷：如無錯(cuò)誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個(gè)勾（√）；如有錯(cuò)誤（每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤），則按下列情況改正：
該行多一個(gè)詞：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。
該行缺一個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。
該行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。
原行沒有錯(cuò)的不要改。
In modern times, many people say “Never give up or you will 76.___________
succeed”. However, in my opinion, sometime giving up is also a 77.___________
kind of beauty. We may have to give up some things
―even some of our favorite ones, if we want to succeed in. 78.___________
At one time, I was very interested in basketball that I was crazy 79.___________
about playing it on the playground as soon as school was over, that 80.___________
cost me a lot of study time. As a result, my grades went straight 81.___________ down. My teacher notice that and had several heart-to- heart talks 82.___________
with me, so I said “goodbye” to them. From then on, I devoted 83.___________
myself to studying, and once again became one of the top student 84.___________
in my class. I was very happy and so my teacher. Sometimes to give 85.___________
up is to gain more. Please believe that giving up can also be a kind of beauty.
第三節(jié): 書面表達(dá)（滿分30分）
假如你叫Jack，參加學(xué)校開展的“有困難向誰求助”(Whom do you turn to when in trouble?)的調(diào)查活動(dòng)，調(diào)查結(jié)果如下表。請(qǐng)用英語給校報(bào)編輯寫一封信反映相關(guān)內(nèi)容。
求助對(duì)象
比例
理 由
同學(xué)、朋友
58％
年齡相仿，容易理解與交流
老師、家長(zhǎng)
30％
有愛心、有經(jīng)驗(yàn)，可以信任
無
12％
不愿與人交流，難以與人溝通
注意：1.內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)全面，并表達(dá)出你的觀點(diǎn)。為了使文章連貫，可適當(dāng)增加內(nèi)容。
2.詞數(shù)：100詞左右。
3.文章的開頭和署名已給出。
Dear editor,
I'm a student in Senior Three. We have made a survey―"Who do you turn to when in trouble?" Here are the results.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Jack
機(jī)密★啟用前 【考試時(shí)間：5月9日 9:00―11:30】
昆明市2008屆高三適應(yīng)性考試
理科綜合能力測(cè)試
本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分。第Ⅰ卷1至6頁，第Ⅱ卷7至12頁�？荚嚱Y(jié)束后將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分300分，考試用時(shí)150分鐘。
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，共126分）
注意事項(xiàng)：
1． 答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、考號(hào)在答題卡上填寫清楚。
2． 各題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。答在試卷上的答案無效。
可能用到的相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量：H
本卷共21小題，每小題6分，共126分。
機(jī)密★啟用前 【考試時(shí)間：5月8日 15:00～17:00】
昆明市2008屆高三適應(yīng)性考試
理科數(shù)學(xué)試卷
本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共5頁. 第Ⅰ卷1至2頁，第Ⅱ卷3至5頁. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回. 滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘.
參考公式：
如果事件A、B互斥，那么 球的表面積公式
性考試-數(shù)學(xué)理.files/image002.gif)
性考試-數(shù)學(xué)理.files/image004.gif)
如果事件A、B相互獨(dú)立，那么 其中R表示球的半徑
性考試-數(shù)學(xué)理.files/image006.gif)
球的體積公式
如果事件A在一次試驗(yàn)中發(fā)生的概率是P，那么 性考試-數(shù)學(xué)理.files/image008.gif)
n次獨(dú)立重復(fù)試驗(yàn)中恰好發(fā)生k次的概率 其中R表示球的半徑
性考試-數(shù)學(xué)理.files/image010.gif)
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題 ，共60分）
注意事項(xiàng)：第Ⅰ卷共2頁，共12小題 ,請(qǐng)用黑色碳素筆將答案答在答題卡上，答在試卷上的答案無效.
機(jī)密★啟用前 【考試時(shí)間：5月8日 15:00～17:00】
昆明市2008屆高三適應(yīng)性考試
文科數(shù)學(xué)試卷
本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共5頁. 第Ⅰ卷1至2頁，第Ⅱ卷3至5頁. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回. 滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘.
參考公式：
如果事件A、B互斥，那么 球的表面積公式
性考試-數(shù)學(xué)文.files/image002.gif)
性考試-數(shù)學(xué)文.files/image004.gif)
如果事件A、B相互獨(dú)立，那么 其中R表示球的半徑
性考試-數(shù)學(xué)文.files/image006.gif)
球的體積公式
如果事件A在一次試驗(yàn)中發(fā)生的概率是P，那么 性考試-數(shù)學(xué)文.files/image008.gif)
n次獨(dú)立重復(fù)試驗(yàn)中恰好發(fā)生k次的概率 其中R表示球的半徑
性考試-數(shù)學(xué)文.files/image010.gif)
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題 ，共60分）
注意事項(xiàng)：第Ⅰ卷共2頁，共12小題 ,請(qǐng)用黑色碳素筆將答案答在答題卡上，答在試卷上的答案無效.
KM200803
機(jī)密 ★ 啟用前 【考試時(shí)間：5月9日 15:00～17:00】
昆明市2008屆高三適應(yīng)性考試
英 語
本試卷分第一卷（選擇題）和第二卷（非選擇題）兩部分。第一卷1至10頁，第二卷第11頁�？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，共115分）
注意事項(xiàng)：
1． 答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)在答題卡上填寫清楚，并認(rèn)真核準(zhǔn)條形碼上的準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)及科目，在規(guī)定的位置貼好條形碼。
2． 每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。答在試卷上的答案無效。
第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.5. B. ￡9.15. C. ￡9.18.
答案是B。
1. What time is it now?
A. 8:40. B. 8:20. C. 9:40.
2. What does the man mean?
A. He is wealthy. B. He is smart. C. He is healthy.
3. Where does Jim’s mother work?
A. In an agency. B. In a factory. C. In a hospital.
4. What is Betty’s opinion?
A. Men are better teachers than women.
B. Men are better cooks than women.
C. Men are better workers than women.
5. What are they talking about?
A. A new book. B. A new film. C. A person.
第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6-7題。
6. What is the woman?
A. The man’s wife.
B. The man’s daughter.
C. A worker in the hotel.
7. Does the man smoke?
A. Yes, he does. B. No, he doesn’t. C. It isn’t mentioned.
聽第7段材料，回答第8-10題。
8. Where did the man work before?
A. In a bank. B. At a school. C.In a government office.
9. How does the man like the work and people in the sales department?
A. The work is tiring, and people unfriendly.
B. The work is tiring, but people friendly.
C. The work isn’t tiring, but people unfriendly.
10. What does the woman wish?
A. The man would work hard.
B. The man would get on well with the people.
C. The man’s dream would come true.
聽第8段材料，回答第11-13題。
11. What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. A woman and her son.
B. A woman and her husband.
C. A customer and a shop assistant.
12. Which handbag will the woman take?
A. The red one. B. The cheaper one. C. A more expensive one.
13. What is the woman’s address?
A.
B.
C.
聽第9段材料，回答第14-16題。
14.
Why does the man often go to
A. To see his friends. B. To meet his son. C. To do business.
15. When is the maglev train leaving today?
A. At 2:55 pm. B. At 10:50 am. C. At 2:55 am.
16.
How will the woman go to
A. By air. B. By train. C. By bus.
聽第10段材料，回答第17-20題。
17. What’s the weather like in most areas of
A. Very wet. B. Very dry. C. Very hot.
18. What does “epidemic” probably mean in the passage?
A. A kind of food. B. A kind of animal. C. A kind of disease.
19. How high is the
A. Over 25,000 feet. B. Over 35,000 feet. C. Below 25,000 feet.
20. What do the sportsmen want to see?
A. The window of the world. B. The door of the world. C. The roof of the world.
第二部分 英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）
第一節(jié) 語法和詞匯知識(shí)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
21. The computer looks old, but it _________ just half a year ago.
A. has been bought B. will be bought C. is bought D. was bought
22. There will be a beautiful central park in _________ used to be a chemical plant.
A. where B. there C. what D. that
23. ―How do you like this hotel?
―Excellent. I couldn’t have found a _________ one.
A. good B. bad C. best D. better
24. ―School kids will surely benefit a lot from this creative program.
―Exactly, we are looking forward to seeing it _________ soon.
A. carrying out B. carried out C. to carry out D. to be carried out
25. The bus has gone. You _________ have been here earlier.
A. should B. must C. need D. can
26. ―Could you tell me the way to Edward Clinic?
―Sorry, but I’m afraid there is not _________ Edward Clinic nearby.
A . / B. the C. a D. an
27. ―I heard some students trying _________ best to practise an English song again and again.
―You know, they are preparing for the school art festival.
A. they B. them C. his D. their
28. It was _________ the weather was terribly bad that we had to put off the sports meet.
A. because B. since C. for D. as
29. ―Can I help you, Madame?
―Oh, thanks, but I can _________ it myself.
A. help B. support C. see D. manage
30. ―We have failed, all in vain.
―Don’t be so upset. _________ try it again.
A. Let’s B. Let us C. Have D. Have to
31. English, as a foreign language, _________, will be of little use, no matter how hard you work at it.
A. when not learned properly B. when not learning properly
C. not when learned properly D. not when leaning properly
32. ―I found my mom not feeling well this morning. I’m afraid she is ill.
―_________.
A. Don’t worry too much B. It’s nothing at all
C. I’m sorry to hear that D. Take it easy
33. Our Chinese teacher and head teacher, whose experiences _________ like a poem, can always inspire us to spare no effort in our study.
A. sounds B. sound C. is sounded D. are sounded
34.
A. which B. what C. that D. it
35. It is widely concerned that this kind of species are _________ rapidly.
A. dying out B. dying down C. dying away D. dying back
第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）
閱讀下面短文, 從短文后所給的各題四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
The story goes that
some time ago, a man punished his
3-year-old daughter for wasting a roll of gold wrapping paper. Money was 36 and he became upset when the child tried to
The man was 40 by his earlier overreaction (過度反應(yīng)), but he 41 angry again when he found out the box was 42 . He yelled at her, adding, "Don't you know, when you give someone a present, there is supposed to be 43 inside?" The little girl 44 at him with tears in 45 eyes and cried, "Oh, Daddy, it's not empty at all. I blew 46 into the box. They're all for you, Daddy."
The father was 47 . He put his arms around his little girl, and he 48 for her forgiveness.
Only a short time 49 , an accident took the life of the child. It is also told that ever since then her father kept that 50 box by his bed for many years and, 51 he was discouraged, he would take out a（n） 52 kiss and remember the 53 of the child who had put it there.
In a very real sense, each one of us, as human beings, has been given a gold 54 filled with unconditional love and kisses from our children, family members, friends, and God. There is 55 no possession, anyone could hold, more precious than this.
36. A. poor B. rich C. tight D. loose
37. A. decorate B. furnish C. finish D. complete
38. A. Otherwise B. Nevertheless C. Finally D. Truthfully
39. A. tree B. notebook C. book D. box
40. A. delighted B. angry C. ashamed D. happy
41.A. began B. got C. appeared D. found
42.A. full B. fill C. empty D. dull
43. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
44. A. looked down B. looked into C. looked out D. looked up
45. A. its B. his C. her D. their
46. A. kisses B. luck C. joy D. delight
47. A. embarrassed B. shocked C. interested D. disappointed
48. A.wanted B. moved C. excused D. begged
49. A.before B. after C. later D. ago
50. A. iron B. silver C. copper D. gold
51. A. wherever B. whenever C. whichever D. however
52. A. imaginary B. wonderful C. actual D. movable
53.A. honour B. likeness C. memory D. love
54.A. cup B. container C. case D. room
55.A. simply B. normally C. mostly D. hardly
第三部分 閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
A ticket for the Titanic's ill-fated voyage that belonged to the last survivor with memories of the disaster was sold to a collector from the United States at a British auction (拍賣) Saturday.
Lillian Asplund, who died in 2006 at the age of 99, was 5 years old when the Titanic hit an iceberg and sank during its maiden voyage from England to New York in 1912. Her father and three siblings (同胞) were among the 1,500 people who died.
She was the last American survivor of the disaster and the last with memories of it. There are at least two alive survivors who had been too young at the time of the sinking to recall their experience.
Asplund's ticket was sold for $65,772, auctioneer（拍賣商）Andrew Aldridge said.
Another key item sold from Asplund's collection was her father's pocket watch, which reportedly stopped at the exact moment the ship sank.
Aldridge said the hands of the watch were stopped at 2:
The watch was bought by a Swedish collector for $61,786, Aldridge said.
He said most of Asplund's collection of 364 items ― which included rare photographs of the Titanic and post cards printed to mark the voyage ― had been sold at Saturday's auction.
The lots（拍賣品）were previously kept at Asplund's home in Massachusetts and had never been seen before in public, he said.
Asplund's parents, Carl and
Lillian, her youngest sibling, Felix, and their mother,
56. We can learn from the passage that ___________.
A. the ticket and the watch were sold for $61,786.
B. Asplund’s parents wished to make a new
life in
C. Lillian was the only child in the family.
D. Lillian was then too young to remember the experience.
57. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Lillian Asplund was the last survivor who could remember the disaster.
B. Lillian Asplund was the last survivor of the disaster.
C. All of Asplund’s collection had been sold.
D. The Titanic sank beneath the waves before 2:19 am.
58. What happened to Asplund’s collection before the auction?
A. An American collector bought the Titanic ticket.
B. They were exhibited in the museum.
C. They were kept secretly at Asplund’s home.
D. Nobody wanted to buy all the collection.
59. The passage is mainly about ___________.
A. the Titanic belongings of the last
B. Asplund’s ticket was sold for $65,772.
C. Lillian survived the sinking with her mother and her little brother.
D. Lillian had some rare photographs of the Titanic and some post cards.
B
In our life, we have rarely expressed our gratitude to the one who lived those years with us. In fact, we don't have to wait for anniversaries（周年紀(jì)念日）to thank the ones closest to us and the ones so easily overlooked. If I have learned anything about giving thanks, it is this: give it now! While your feeling of appreciation is alive and sincere, act on it. Saying thanks is such an easy way to add to the world's happiness.
Saying thanks not only brightens someone else's world, it brightens yours. If you're feeling left out, unloved or unappreciated, try reaching out to others. It may be just the medicine you need. Of course, there are times when you can't express gratitude immediately. In that case, don't let embarrassment sink you into silence and speak up the first time you have the chance.
Once a young minister, Mark Brian, was sent to a remote parish（教區(qū)）of Kwakiutl Indians in British Columbia. The Indians, he had been told, did not have a word for thank you. But Brian soon found that these people had unusual generosity. Instead of saying thanks, it is their custom to return every favor with a favor of their own, and every kindness with an equal or superior kindness. They do their thanks. I wonder if we had no words in our vocabulary for thank you, would we do a better job of communicating our gratitude? Would we be more responsive, more sensitive, more caring?
Thankfulness sets in motion a chain reaction that transforms people all around us ?including ourselves. For no one ever misunderstands the melody（旋律）of a grateful heart. Its message is universal; its poems transcend（超越）all earthly barriers; its music touches the heaven.
60. Who do we easily forget to express our thanks to according to the writer?
A. Friends not meeting for a long time. B. Former teachers and friends.
C. People we want to get close to. D. Our family members and good friends.
61. When we say something for what others do for us, it ___________.
A. benefits to people who do something for us
B. is good for both us and people who help us
C. waste our and our friends’ time at the same time
D. does harm to both us and people who help us
62. What does the writer mean in the third paragraph?
A. The only way to thank others is to express by your own words.
B. The best way to thank others is to do something for them.
C. We can thank people who help us in various ways.
D. We can thank people who help us in two ways.
63. The way to make us feel happy is ___________ when we think we ourselves are forgotten in the world.
A. to help and appreciate others B. to ask others to help us
C. to remind others of our helping them D. to ask someone to help others
C
Due to our rapid development, Yew Chung International School of Shanghai, an international school officially recognized by and registered with the Chinese government, is looking for caring, compassionate (熱情) and qualified teachers to help our students to be global citizens and to appreciate the culture of East and West.
WE ARE CURRENTLY LOOKING FOR
ECE Teacher for age 1-5 / Secondary Math Teacher / Primary Music Teacher
Special Needs Teacher / Head Librarian / IC Teacher
QUALIFICATIONS
1. A native English speaker with excellent oral and writing skill.
2. Possess a Bachelor Degree in Education or equivalent (同等) qualifications.
4. Having a positive attitude and flexibility when dealing with work and people.
5. Head librarian is preferred to be one who can speak Chinese as well.
6. A team player.
For more information, please visit our website at www.ycef.com
Or you can email your CV (簡(jiǎn)歷) to lindap@sh.ycef.com
………………………………………………………………………
Bridgehead
Media is in search of a Fashion Editor who will lead an editorial team to
create a cutting edge and stylistic publication that will be distributed to
over 300,000 readers in
REQUIREMENTS
Fluent in English
Previous (以前的) experience in journalism of writing with a preference in fashion
Understanding the fashion market and trends of the industry
RECRUIT FASHION EDIOR
Please send resumes (簡(jiǎn)歷) to Jimmy.yang@bridgeheadmedia.com and
include any writing samples as well.
64. You can get more information about qualifications at ___________.
A. lindap @sh.ycef.com B. Jimmy.yang@bridgeheadmedia.com
C. www.ycef.com D. www.edu.bridgeheadmedia.com
65. An applicant speaking two languages is helpful if he wants to be ___________.
A. an ECE Teacher B. a Secondary Math Teacher
C. a Primary Music Teacher D. a Head Librarian
66. What Bridgehead Media wants is an editor ___________.
A. who is in charge of the section B. who likes fashion
C. who is sensitive to fashion D. who is good at fashion
67. Which of the following is NOT the ability demanded by Bridgehead?
A. Speaking fluent English. B. Experience in media.
C. Knowing related market well. D. Wearing fashion clothes.
D
Failure is part of the human condition. Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed. One way is to lower levels. A mother describes her child's quickly making table as "Perfect"! Even though it shakes on unbalanced legs. Another way is to shift (轉(zhuǎn)嫁) blame. If John fails science, his teacher is unfair or stupid. The trouble of doing such things is that children are not well-prepared for life in the real world. The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything, no one can win all the time, and that it's possible to enjoy a game even when you don't win. The young should be allowed to experience disappointment and be helped to master it.
Failure is never pleasurable. It hurts adults and children. But it can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to use it. Ask yourself what you did wrong, how you can improve. Success, which encourages repetition of old behavior, is not nearly as good a teacher as failure. You can learn from a disastrous（失敗的）party how to give a good one, from an ill-chosen first house what to look for in a second. Even a failure that seems definitive can produce fresh thinking, a change of direction. After 12 years of studying ballet (芭蕾舞) a friend of mine was turned down. "Would further training help?" she asked. The ballet master shook his head. "You haven't the body for it."
In such cases, the way to use failure is to learn the lesson quickly, asking “What have I left? What else can I do?" My friend put away her toe shoes and moved into dance treatment, a field where she is both competent (能力強(qiáng)) and useful. Failure frees one to take risks because there's less to lose.
68. The writer shows a(n) ___________ attitude to the behaviors of most parents.
A. positive B. neutral C. negative D. passive
69. In the second paragraph, the writer describes the contribution of failure from ___________ aspect(s ).
A. one B. two C. three D. more than three
70. According to the passage, we can learn something useful based on ___________.
A. what we love B. what we can do
C. what we experienced D. what we have achieved
71. The best title of the passage is “___________”.
A. The More Failure, the Better B. Learning from Failure
C. Failure Is an Experience of Life D. Failure Is Our Mother
E
Dressage (盛裝舞步) rider Liu Lina is the first Chinese rider to have qualified for an equestrian (馬術(shù)) event at the Games.
“We got the letter from the International Equestrian Federation (FEI) this week saying Liu’s result (in March) has been approved and she is the first Chinese rider to qualify for the Olympics,” the country’s equestrian chief Cheng Qing said.
Liu’s qualification has made the host’s dream of providing an athlete for every sport at the Games come true.
As the host country of the Olympics, China was given six equestrian berths (名額)―four in jumping and one in both dressage and eventing. Riders only needed to meet the minimum qualification standards to participate in the Game.
The 29-year-old rider from the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is certainly the best dressage rider in the country, having won several national titles.
Supported by the local sports bureau (體育局), since 2006 she has been training in Germany, one of the sport’s powerhouses (體育強(qiáng)國(guó)). And it is estimated（估計(jì)）a rider needs to spend around 2.5million to compete in the Olympics.
“She has made great progress there thanks to world-class training facilities(設(shè)施) and training methods,” Cheng said. “Her results were much better than the Olympic qualification standards.”
Liu will continue her
preparations in
72. How long will Liu Lina have been trained abroad by the time of the games?
A. Less than one year.
B. One year.
C. More than two years.
D. Less than two years.
73. From the passage we know that equestrian events will be held in __________.
A.
74. The underlined word “enhance” in the last paragraph refers to ___________.
A. improve B. create C. construct D. inspire
75. We can conclude from the text that ___________.
A. Chinese athletes will participate in all the sports
B. Five Chinese riders all have been trained abroad
C. Liu Lina
has been trained in
D. Liu Lina is the only Chinese dressage rider athlete
機(jī)密 ★ 啟用前 【考試時(shí)間：5月9日 15:00～17:00】
昆明市2008屆高三適應(yīng)性考試
英 語
第Ⅱ卷（共35分）
注意事項(xiàng)：第二卷共1頁，用黑色碳素筆將答案答在答題卡上。答在試卷上的答案無效。
第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）
第一節(jié)：短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分)
此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行作出判斷：如無錯(cuò)誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個(gè)勾(√)；如有錯(cuò)誤(每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤)，則按下列情況改正：
該行多一個(gè)詞:把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。
該行缺一個(gè)詞:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。
該行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。
注意：原行沒有錯(cuò)的不要改。
After a final examination, I got a letter from my best 76.
friend and his parents live on a farm. They invited me 77.
stay with them for several weeks. I was so excited 78.
that I could sleep all night. When I got to their home, 79.
I was warm received. I lived in a big and nice room. 80.
I enjoyed the life there very much. Every morning 81.
we got up early and walk on the farm where we could 82.
enjoy the fresh air or beautiful scenery. We gathered 83.
some flowers here and there, and I found it filled 84.
of funs. In the afternoon we did our homework. I did 85.
have a good time.
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）
假定你是李華，你的朋友 Peter今年要來你們家鄉(xiāng)旅游，并打算買一件紀(jì)念品，他來信詢問你買什么好，請(qǐng)按以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)給他寫封回信。
1. 名稱；
2. 產(chǎn)地、價(jià)格；
3. 理由。
注意； 1．詞數(shù)100字左右;
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫；
3．開頭語已為你寫好。
Dear Peter,
I’m very happy to receive your letter in which you asked me to introduce a typical souvenir made in my hometown..
Yours,
Li Hua
昆明市2008屆高三適應(yīng)性考試
機(jī)密★啟用前 【考試時(shí)間：5月8日 9:00―11:30】
昆明市2007~2008學(xué)年高三適應(yīng)性考試
語 文 試 卷
本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分，第I卷1至4頁，第Ⅱ卷5至8頁�？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。本試卷滿分150分，考試用時(shí)150分鐘。
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，共30分）
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2．每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案的標(biāo)號(hào)。答在試卷上的答案無效。
高2009級(jí)文科半期測(cè)試題
本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分。滿分100分。考試時(shí)間100分鐘。
第Ι卷（選擇題 共50分）
注意事項(xiàng)：
1．答第Ⅰ卷前考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考試科目、試卷類型涂寫在答題卡上�？荚嚱Y(jié)束，將試題卷和答題卡一并交回。
2．每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)，不能答在試題卷上。
重慶育才中學(xué)高一下期期中化學(xué)測(cè)試題
（考試時(shí)間：1２0分鐘 總分：150）
出題人：秦儉 審題人：王志敏
答題所需相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量：H
Cu-64 Zn-65 I-127
提示：答案請(qǐng)寫在答題卷上
第Ⅰ卷 選擇題（共７４分）
高中物理課堂教學(xué)教案 年 月 日
課 題
§ 3.6帶電粒子在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng)
新授課
2課時(shí)
教 學(xué) 目 標(biāo)
（一）知識(shí)與技能
1、理解洛倫茲力對(duì)粒子不做功。
2、理解帶電粒子的初速度方向與磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度的方向垂直時(shí)，粒子在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中做勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)。
3、會(huì)推導(dǎo)帶電粒子在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中做勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)的半徑、周期公式，知道它們與哪些因素有關(guān)。
4、了解回旋加速器的工作原理。
（二）過程與方法
通過帶電粒子在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中的受力分析，靈活解決有關(guān)磁場(chǎng)的問題。
（三）情感、態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀
通過本節(jié)知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)，充分了解科技的巨大威力，體會(huì)科技的創(chuàng)新與應(yīng)用歷程。
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)
帶電粒子在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中的受力分析及運(yùn)動(dòng)徑跡
教學(xué)難點(diǎn)
帶電粒子在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中的受力分析及運(yùn)動(dòng)徑跡
教 學(xué) 方 法
實(shí)驗(yàn)觀察法、講述法、分析推理法
教 學(xué) 手 段
洛倫茲力演示儀、電源、投影儀、投影片、多媒體輔助教學(xué)設(shè)備
教學(xué)活動(dòng)
（一）引入新課
（復(fù)習(xí)提問）
（1）什么是洛倫茲力？
（2）帶電粒子在磁場(chǎng)中是否一定受洛倫茲力？
（3）帶電粒子垂直磁場(chǎng)方向進(jìn)入勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)時(shí)會(huì)做什么運(yùn)動(dòng)呢？
今天我們來學(xué)習(xí)――帶電粒子在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng)。
（二）進(jìn)行新課
1、帶電粒子在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng)
介紹洛倫茲力演示儀。如圖所示。
磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng).files/image002.jpg)
引導(dǎo)學(xué)生預(yù)測(cè)電子束的運(yùn)動(dòng)情況。
（1）不加磁場(chǎng)時(shí)，電子束的徑跡；
（2）加垂直紙面向外的磁場(chǎng)時(shí)，電子束的徑跡；
（3）保持出射電子的速度不變，增大或減小磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度，電子束的徑跡；
（4）保持磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度不變，增大或減小出射電子的速度，電子束的徑跡。
教師演示，學(xué)生觀察實(shí)驗(yàn)，驗(yàn)證自己的預(yù)測(cè)是否正確。
實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象：在暗室中可以清楚地看到，在沒有磁場(chǎng)作用時(shí)，電子的徑跡是直線；在管外加上勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)（這個(gè)磁場(chǎng)是由兩個(gè)平行的通電環(huán)形線圈產(chǎn)生的），電子的徑跡變彎曲成圓形。磁場(chǎng)越強(qiáng)，徑跡的半徑越小；電子的出射速度越大，徑跡的半徑越大。
引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析：當(dāng)帶電粒子的初速度方向與磁場(chǎng)方向垂直時(shí)，電子受到垂直于速度方向的洛倫茲力的作用，洛倫茲力只能改變速度的方向，不能改變速度的大小。因此，洛倫茲力對(duì)粒子不做功，不能改變粒子的能量。洛倫茲力對(duì)帶電粒子的作用正好起到了向心力的作用。所以，當(dāng)帶電粒子的初速度方向與磁場(chǎng)方向垂直時(shí)，粒子在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中做勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)。
思考與討論：
帶電粒子在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中做勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)，其軌道半徑r和周期T為多大呢？
出示投影片，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生推導(dǎo)：
一帶電量為q，質(zhì)量為m ，速度為v的帶電粒子垂直進(jìn)入磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度為B的勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中，其半徑r和周期T為多大？如圖所示。
磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng).files/image004.jpg)
粒子做勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)所需的向心力F=m磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng).files/image006.gif)
是由粒子所受的洛倫茲力提供的，所以
qvB=m
由此得出
r=磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng).files/image008.gif)
①
周期T=磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng).files/image010.gif)
代入①式得
T=磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng).files/image012.gif)
②
由①式可知，粒子速度越大，軌跡半徑越大；磁場(chǎng)越強(qiáng)，軌跡半徑越小，這與演示實(shí)驗(yàn)觀察的結(jié)果是一致的。
由②式可知，粒子運(yùn)動(dòng)的周期與粒子的速度大小無關(guān)。磁場(chǎng)越強(qiáng)，周期越短。
介紹帶電粒子在汽泡室運(yùn)動(dòng)的徑跡照片，讓學(xué)生了解物理學(xué)中研究帶電粒子運(yùn)動(dòng)的方法。
磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng).files/image013.jpg)
磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng).files/image015.jpg)
磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng).files/image016.jpg)
教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對(duì)結(jié)果進(jìn)行討論，讓學(xué)生了解有關(guān)質(zhì)譜儀的知識(shí)。讓學(xué)生了解質(zhì)譜儀在科學(xué)研究中的作用。
2、回旋加速器
引導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀教材有關(guān)內(nèi)容，了解各種加速器的發(fā)展歷程，體會(huì)回旋加速器的優(yōu)越性。
課件演示，回旋加速器的工作原理，根據(jù)情況先由學(xué)生講
在講解回旋加速器工作原理時(shí)應(yīng)使學(xué)生明白下面兩個(gè)問題：
（1）在狹縫A′A′與AA之間，有方向不斷做周期變化的電場(chǎng)，其作用是當(dāng)粒子經(jīng)過狹縫時(shí)，電源恰好提供正向電壓，使粒子在電場(chǎng)中加速。狹縫的兩側(cè)是勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)，其作用是當(dāng)被加速后的粒子射入磁場(chǎng)后，做圓運(yùn)動(dòng)，經(jīng)半個(gè)圓周又回到狹縫處，使之射入電場(chǎng)再次加速。
（2）粒子在磁場(chǎng)中做圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)的半徑與速率成正比，隨著每次加速，半徑不斷增大，而粒子運(yùn)動(dòng)的周期與半徑、速率無關(guān)，所以每隔相相同的時(shí)間（半個(gè)周期）回到狹縫處，只要電源以相同的周期變化其方向，就可使粒子每到狹縫處剛好得到正向電壓而加速。
（四）實(shí)例探究
磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng).files/image017.gif)
☆帶電粒子在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中的勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)
【例1】一個(gè)負(fù)離子，質(zhì)量為m，電量大小為q，以速率v垂直于屏S經(jīng)過小孔O射入存在著勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)的真空室中，如圖所示。磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度B的方向與離子的運(yùn)動(dòng)方向垂直，并垂直于圖中紙面向里。
（1）求離子進(jìn)入磁場(chǎng)后到達(dá)屏S上時(shí)的位置與O點(diǎn)的距離。
（2）如果離子進(jìn)入磁場(chǎng)后經(jīng)過時(shí)間t到達(dá)位置P，證明：直線OP與離子入射方向之間的夾角θ跟t的關(guān)系是磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng).files/image019.gif)
。
磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng).files/image021.jpg)
【例2】如圖所示，半徑為r的圓形空間內(nèi)，存在著垂直于紙面向里的勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)，一個(gè)帶電粒子（不計(jì)重力），從A點(diǎn)以速度v0垂直磁場(chǎng)方向射入磁場(chǎng)中，并從B點(diǎn)射出，∠AOB=120°，則該帶電粒子在磁場(chǎng)中運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)間為_______
A．2πr/3v0 B．2磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng).files/image023.gif)
πr/3v0
C．πr/3v0 D．πr/3v0
磁場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng).files/image025.jpg)
【例3】電子自靜止開始經(jīng)M、N板間（兩板間的電壓為u）的電場(chǎng)加速后從A點(diǎn)垂直于磁場(chǎng)邊界射入寬度為d的勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中，電子離開磁場(chǎng)時(shí)的位置P偏離入射方向的距離為L，如圖所示。求勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)的磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度。（已知電子的質(zhì)量為m，電量為e）
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