There are some new drivers going back to school. Teens who have recently gotten their driver's licenses may be taking the wheel to school this fall. However, parents fear when their teen starts driving. And it turns out that such parental fears are justified, so it's worth reviewing how to keep your teen safe while he or she is behind the wheel.
Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death among US teens. Drivers 16 to 19 years old are at the greatest risk of crashes. In fact, their risk is 4 times greater than that of older drivers. The teens at the greatest risk are those who are male, those carrying other teenage passengers in the car, and those still in their first year of driving. Nearly 50 percent of teen deaths related to automobile crashes happen on Fridays, Saturdays, or Sundays between the hours of 3 pm and midnight.
Why are teens at higher risk of motor vehicle crashes?
Development. Teens haven't completely matured mentally and have greater risk­taking behaviors, possibly because they tend to underestimate the risk associated with a particular behavior. Teens also have a greater tendency to speed and to drive too close to the cars in front of them.
No seatbelts. Teens have the lowest rate of seatbelt use among all driving groups.
Alcohol. A least 25 percent of motor vehicle deaths in teens are related to drinking alcohol.
Technological distractions(分散注意力的事)．Cellphones，texting，MP3 players，and the like can all distract drivers greatly—and who more than teenagers?
Be aware of your teen's driving practices and discuss safe driving habits when opportunities present themselves. Check out the applications and devices now available for restricting your teen's use of technology while driving. Some applications alert you to the danger when your teen is texting while the vehicle is moving. Another device blocks incoming and outgoing texts when the car is running—incoming messages get an automatic reply (eg. “I'm driving right now”), and phone calls go directly to voicemail. You can also get notifications if your teen tries to shut off the program. There are also GPS programs that let you know your new driver's whereabouts at all times. All in all, you can't be too cautious when teaching your teen how to be safe on the road.
小題1:What factor is least related to the teen drivers' high risks of crashes?
A．Drivers' age.B．Passengers' sex.
C．Driving experience.D．Driving time.
小題2:Teens probably turn away their attention from driving when they are ________.
A．using no seatbeltsB．drinking water
C．carrying passengersD．a(chǎn)nswering cellphones
小題3:According to the passage, which should be prevented during teens' driving?
A．Texting.B．GPS programs.
C．Automated replies.D．Voicemail.
小題4:The author writes the last paragraph in order to ________.
A．offer parents practical suggestions
B．summarize teens' driving practices
C．a(chǎn)dvocate different driving habits
D．set an example for the teens

小題1:B
小題2:D
小題3:A
小題4:A
本文主要分析了青少年開(kāi)車容易造成事故的原因并就此為家長(zhǎng)支招。
小題1:答案：B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可以排除A、C、D項(xiàng)。注意B項(xiàng)中的Passengers' sex，文章第二段談到的是司機(jī)是男性，而不是乘客。故答案為B項(xiàng)。
小題2:答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Cellphones，texting，MP3 players，and the like can all distract drivers greatly”可知答案是D項(xiàng)。
小題3:答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，開(kāi)車發(fā)短信是不可以的，故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)“全球定位系統(tǒng)”可以讓其他人知道司機(jī)的位置，C項(xiàng)“自動(dòng)回復(fù)”，D項(xiàng)“語(yǔ)音信箱”都是被允許的。
小題4:答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀最后一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一句“All in all，you can't be too cautious when teaching your teen how to be safe on the road.”可知答案是A項(xiàng)。
疑難詞匯解讀
1．mature adj.成熟的
a mature peach熟透的桃子
2．distract v．分散，使分心
Children are so easily distracted.兒童的注意力很容易被分散。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

One of the most popular activities enjoyed by Americans is spending time in forests and walking along paths through the country.This activity，called hiking，has led to the creation of paths throughout the United States.
One of the longest is the Appalachian National Scenic Trail.The trail is the first completed part of the National Trails System.The trails system was established by Congress and the president in 1968.The Appalachian Trail is more  than 3,400 kilometers long.It starts in the northeastern state of Maine and ends in the southeastern state of Georgia.The trail goes through 14 states.They are Maine，New Hampshire，Vermont，Massachusetts，Connecticut，New York，New Jersey，Pennsylvania，Maryland，West Virginia，Virginia，Tennessee，North Carolina，and Georgia.
The path takes walkers through the Appalachian Mountains.They extend from the Canadian province of Quebec to the southern American state of Alabama.
The Appalachian Mountains are among the oldest on Earth.They first began forming about one thousand million years ago.During the millions of years since then，the mountains were changed and reformed by the forces of water and wind.Ice also changed the mountains，making many of them smaller and digging valleys and lakes among them.Many different kinds of trees grow along the trail.And many different kinds of animals live in the forests along the trail.
Lands along the trail are protected by the federal government and by state governments.Some parts are not protected by the government directly.Instead，they are protected by legal agreements with private owners willing to permit people to walk across their property.
Walkers on the Appalachian Trail pass through some of the great valley systems of the mountains.They can look down into these beautiful valleys and see farms and forests stretching across the land for many kilometers.Farmland in the valleys is rich and productive.And some of the great events in American history took place in the valleys.For example，one of the great battles of the American Civil War was fought in the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia.
小題1:The Appalachian Trail________.
A．is more than four thousand three hundred kilometers long
B．starts in the northern state of Maine
C．goes through more than fourteen states
D．ends in the southeastern state of Georgia
小題2:The Appalachian Mountains________.
A．a(chǎn)re the first completed part of the National Trails System
B．began forming one million years ago
C．were changed by natural forces like water，wind and ice
D．were around by valleys and rivers and famous for its scenery
小題3:The lands along the trail________.
A．a(chǎn)re protected entirely by either the federal government or state governments
B．a(chǎn)re mainly protected by legal agreements with private owners
C．can be visited by travelers freely only under the permission of owners
D．a(chǎn)re protected by both the federal government and state governments
小題4:What is mainly described in the last paragraph?
A．The Appalachian Mountains have some great valley systems.
B．Farms and grasslands stretch across the valleys for many kilometers.
C．One of the American independence battles was fought in the Shenandoah Valley.
D．Lakes in the Appalachian Mountains are one of the most beautiful sights.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Many people believe that teaching children music makes them smarter, better able to learn new things. But the organizers of a new study say there's no scientific evidence that early musical training affects the intelligence of young people.
An estimated 80 percent of American adults think music lessons improve children's abilily to learn or their performance in school. They say that the satisfaction for learning to play a new song helps a child express creativity.
Researchers at Harvard University, however, have found that there's one thing musi­cal training does not do. They say it does not make children more intelligent. Samuel Mehr is a graduate student at Harvard's School of Education. He said it is wrong to think that learning to play a musical instrument improves a child's intellectual development. He says the evidence comes from studies that measured the mental ability of two groups of 4-year-olds and their parents. One group attended music class, the other went to a class that places importance on the visual arts—arts that can be seen.
"The evidence there is 'no'. We found no evidence for any advantage on any of these tests for the kids participating in these music clases," said Mehr.Samuel Mehr says researchers have carried out many studies in an effort to learn whether musical training can make children smarter. He says the results have been mixed. He says only one study seems to show a small percentage increase in IQ, intellectual scores among students after one year of music lessons. He does not believe that IQ is a good measure of child's intelligence. He says researchers in his study compared how well children in the musical training group did on mental processing tasks or projects, then the results were compared to those of children who did not take lessons. There was no evidence that the musical training group did much better on the mental tasks than the other group.
The researchers comfirmed the results with a larger group of children and their par­ents.Mr Mehr says music lessons may not offer children a fast easy way to gain entry to the best schools later of their life. But he says the training is still important for cultural reasons. In his words, "We teach music because music is important for us."
小題1:According to the new study, musical training______.
A．makes children smarter
B．helps a child express creativity
C．does not make children more intelligent
D．improve children's ability to learn in school
小題2:Samuel Mehr may agree that______.
A．the children who attended music class are smarter than those who attended arts class
B．IQ is a good measure of a child's intelligence
C．we needn't to teach children music
D．music training is still important for cultural reasons
小題3:In order to confirm his view, Samuel Mehr______.
A．conducted more than one research
B．interviewed many American adults
C．taught two groups of 4-yetr-olds music and arts
D．offered children a fast way to be admitted to the best schools
小題4:The artical may be taken from a report about _____.
A．healthB．educationC．cultureD．economy

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Last year, over 206,000 students from the United States studied abroad. Does that number surprise you? These students already know the benefits of studying abroad. You may be wondering why you should study abroad. Here are some answers for you.
◆ Timing
The absolutely best time in your life to study abroad is when you are in college. If you miss this opportunity, it’s almost impossible for you to do it later in life.
◆ To gain cross-cultural experience
Life overseas makes you see your everyday world in a whole new light. You don’t even realize it, but our culture shapes the way we view the world and affects us every minute of the day. Differences in culture are more than just differences in language, food, clothing and art.
◆ To improve your communication skills and your self-confidence
People who study abroad tend to be willing to take risks, willing to put themselves in unusual situations, and able to solve problems.
◆ To become more fluent in a language or to learn a new language
The world market is becoming smaller, and many companies require a second language. Foreign languages are not only valuable in the job market but also valuable in the real world.
◆ For the adventure
Travel to other cities within your host country and around neighboring countries. As you get to know your new classmates, roommates, and host family, you will gain a unique view on the host culture. Discover the differences and, more importantly, the many similarities between your worlds. The friendships you make will last long after the program.
◆ To learn more about yourself
Find out who you really are. What are your limits? How do you overcome the difficulties you’ve never encountered before? How independent are you? These questions are hard to answer until you are removed from your usual surroundings. After solving difficult problems on your own overseas, you’ll find that almost nothing will confuse you at home. Students who study abroad commonly report that their study abroad experience actually changed their lives.
小題1:The passage mainly talks about _______.
A．the benefits of studying abroad
B．the time for studying abroad
C．the difficulty you come across when you're abroad
D．some tips on how to get used to a new environment
小題2:What is the best time in your life to study abroad according to the passage?
A．When you're at work.B．When you are free.
C．At any time you like.D．When you are in college.
小題3:What does the underlined word“encountered” here mean?
A．Opposed.B．Experienced.C．Solved.D．Explained.
小題4:All of the following are mentioned in the passage as reasons for studying abroad EXCEPT _______.
A．getting cross-cultural experience
B．improving communication skills and self-confidence
C．improving your foreign language
D．learning how to get along with people

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It is generally believed that we are getting cleaned when we step under a shower. We are, but we’re also giving a home to lots of tiny little creatures we didn’t even know about. A showerhead carries thousands of bacteria called Mycobacterium．These can cause problems like coughs and tiredness, and a general feeling of poorliness (身體不舒服). When you turn on the water, the bacteria go from the showerhead onto and into your body.
This is a finding of Norman R. Pace and his team at the University of Colorado, in the US. The scientists investigated bacteria in all kinds of human environment, including showers．Pace's team looked at 45 showerheads in nine American cities. They discovered that 30 percent of them had large amounts of flying Mycobacterium.
But Pace said that they pose few threats to the health．Only those with a weak immune system might need to worry．He told the New York Times that the bacteria are not as unpleasant as might be thought．He said that having a shower is no more dangerous than anything else we do in the morning．
But for those who feel sick about the idea of all those microorganisms (微生物), he had some advice. Let the water run for 30 seconds before getting into the shower. Why? The number of bacteria is smaller than that when the water is just turned on. If that seems like a waste of water, he added that you could also change your showerhead every few months.
However, Pace had good news too. He has also been testing the air in US subways. Apart from iron particles (粒子), which are ground off the track by the wheels of trains, subway air is fresh. The reason is that a train’s movement pumps fresh outdoor air into the tunnels.
Pace explained that he wanted to understand the natural microbial environments of public places. This kind of knowledge might help discover the microbes to be used in a bioterrorist (生物恐怖分子) attack.
小題1:From the finding of Norman R. Pace, after taking a shower, we might cough or feel tired because      .
A．it’s easy to get a cold when taking a bath
B．the showerhead carries many bacteria causing illness
C．we don’t get cleaned while showering
D．we don’t get a weak immune system
小題2:According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．Hot water could kill most of bacteria in showerheads.
B．Of 45 showerheads surveyed in nine cities, 30 carried large amounts of Mycobacterium.
C．Changing showerheads is the only way to avoid microorganisms.
D．Shower water contains much less bacteria after being left to run for 30 seconds.
小題3:We can learn from the third paragraph that       .
A．having a shower in the morning is more dangerous than at other time
B．the bacteria always threat people’s health
C．there is no reason to fear microorganisms for people with strong immune system
D．it is better to do some exercise in the morning than have a shower
小題4:The underlined word “pose” in the third paragraph probably means “______”．
A．cause B．a(chǎn)void C．describeD．promise
小題5:What contributes to fresh air in US subways?
A．The train’s movement.B．Iron particles．
C．Train wheels.D．Air conditioners on the trains．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution has just published a report on new materials and has looked at the case of nanotechnology（納米技術(shù)）, which describes the science of the very small. Nanotechnology covers those man-made materials or objects that are about a thousand times smaller than the microtechnology（微電子技術(shù)）we use, such as the silicon chips of computers.
Nanotechnology gets its name from the nanometer, which is a billionth of a meter. There are about 600 consumer products already on the market that use nanotechnology. Nanomedicine is also being developed to fight cancer and other fatal diseases.
The Royal Commission found no evidence of harm to health or the environment from nanomaterials, but this “absence of evidence” is not being taken as “evidence of absence”. In other words, just because there are no apparent problems, this is not to say that here is no risk now or in the future. The commission is concerned about the pace at which we are inventing and adopting new nanomaterials, which could result in future problems that we are ill-equipped to understand or even find with current testing methods.
One of the problems about nanotechnology is that when we make something very small out of a well known material, we may actually change the functionality of that material even if the chemical composition remains the same. Indeed, it is not the particle（顆粒）size that should concern us, but its functionality. Take gold, for example, which is a famously inert (惰性) substance, and valuable because of it. It doesn’t rust or corrode because it doesn’t interact with water or oxygen. However, a particle of gold that is between 2 and 5 nanometers in diameter becomes highly reactive. This is not due to a change in chemical composition, but because of a change in the physical size of the gold particles. How can a change in size result in a change of function? One reason is to do with surface area. Nanoparticles have relatively a much bigger surface area. It is like comparing the surface area of a basketball with the total surface area of many pea-sized balls with the same weight of the single basketball. The pea-sized balls have a surface area many hundreds, indeed thousands of times bigger than the basketball, and this allows them to interact more easily with the environment. It is this increased interactivity that changes their functionality—and makes them potentially more dangerous to health or the environment.
小題1:Why does the writer mention microtechnology in the first paragraph?
A．to introduce the topic of nanotechnology
B．to help us better understand nanotechnology
C．to help us know more about microtechnology
D．to compare microtechnology with nanotechnology
小題2:The example of the “gold” in the last paragraph is intended to show that_________.
A．gold is valuable because it is an inert substance
B．a(chǎn)n inert substance like gold doesn’t interact with water or oxygen
C．the function of gold is steady because it is an inert substance
D．the function of gold changes when made into something very small
小題3:Which process explains that there might be risks in nanotechnology?
A．expand surface area →increase interactivity → change functionality→cause possible dangers
B．expand surface area → change functionality → increase interactivity →cause possible dangers
C．increase interactivity → expand surface area → change functionality→cause possible dangers
D．increase interactivity → change functionality → expand surface area→cause possible dangers
小題4:What does the passage mainly focus on?
A．the introduction of nanotechnology and its wide use
B．the present use of nanotechnology and its future
C．the potential danger nanotechnology may bring us
D．the proposal to stop nanotechnology due to the potential danger

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Around the world coral reefs(珊瑚礁) are facing threats(威脅) brought by climate change and great changes in sea temperatures. While ocean warming has been the primary focus for scientists and ocean policy managers, cold events can also whiten corals. A new study by scientists compared damaged to corals exposed to heat as well as cold stress. The results show that cool temperatures can cause more damage in the short term, but heat is more destructive(破壞性的) in the long run.
Climate change is widely known to produce warming conditions in the oceans, but extreme cold-water events have become more frequent and serious as well. In 2010, for example, coral reefs around the world faced on of the coldest winters and one of the hottest summers on record.
During a unique experiment, corals under cold temperatures suffered greater damage in just days compared with heat treated corals. Yet the researchers found that corals were eventually able to adjust to the cold conditions, make their health stable and continue to grow. However, over the long term corals subjected to heat suffered more greatly than those in cold, with evidence of severe whitening and growth stoppage, which leads to death.
The coral’s ability to adjust to cool temperatures surprised the researchers, who say the study’s results show the complexities(復(fù)雜性) of monitoring coral health in response to different environmental factors(因素).
“Global warming is associated with increases but also decreases of temperatures,” said Deheyn, one of the researchers. “Not much has been known about the comparative effects of temperature decrease on corals. These results are important because they show that corals react differently to temperature differences, which is important for future management of coral reefs in the field of climate change.”
小題1:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Corals are unable to adjust to temperature changes.
B．Cold temperature causes greater damage to corals.
C．Hot temperature helps coral reefs to grow quickly.
D．Heat and cold damage corals in their own ways.
小題2:We can learn from the passage that         .
A．scientists used to pay no attention to the effect of cold events on corals
B．2010 witnessed one of the greatest temperature differences on record
C．corals prefer warmer conditions to cold temperatures in the long run
D．global warming has nothing to do with the decrease of temperature
小題3:According to the research,            .
A．corals may continue to grow in cold events after a few days
B．cold events help corals grow more quickly in a short time
C．corals show no response to hot temperatures in the first days
D．corals are whitened mainly because of warm temperatures
小題4:Scientists reached the conclusion through              .
A．news reportB．scientific studyC．great imaginationD．natural conditions

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

An estimated 80 percent of American adults think music lessons, though at times boring and challenging in the eyes of some kids, improve children’s ability to learn or their performance in school . They say that the satisfaction for learning to play a new song helps a child express creativity.
Researchers at Harvard University, however, have found that there’s one thing musical training does not do. Samuel Mehr, the leading researcher of the new study, said it is wrong to think that learning to play a musical instrument improves a child’s intellectual development. The evidence comes from studies that measured the mental ability of two groups of 4-year-olds and their parents. One group attended music class; the comparison group went to a class that places importance on the optical arts-arts that can be seen.
“We found no evidence for any advantage on any of these tests for the kids participating in these music classes,” said Mehr.
Samuel Mehr says researchers have carried out many studies in an effort to learn whether musical training can make children smarter. Only one study seems to show a small percentage increase in IQ, intellectual scores among students after one year of music lessons.
He does not believe that IQ is a good measure of a child’s intelligence. Therefore, the researchers in his study compared how well children in the musical training group did on mental processing tasks, then the results were compared to those of children who did not take lessons.
Music lessons may not offer children a fast easy way to gain entry to the best schools later of their life, but the training is still important.
Mr Mehr notes that the works of writer William Shakespeare are not taught , so the children will do better in physics. He says Shakespeare is taught because it is important for cultural reasons.“And I don’t think music needs to be any different than that.”
小題1:What attitude do most American grown-ups have towards music lessons? _________
A．Uninterested B．Approving C．Doubtful D．Uncertain
小題2:The underlined word“optical”in Paragraph 2 probably means       .
A．visual B．colorful C．traditional D．serious
小題3:According to Samuel Mehr, _________ .
A．many studies show that music training can improve IQ
B．IQ is a good measure of a child’s intelligence
C．music can enable a child to go to a better school
D．music should be taught for cultural reasons
小題4:The study shows that       .
A．early music training has negative effects
B．musical lessons should be stopped at school
C．musical training doesn’t improve kids’ intelligence
D．playing musical instrument makes kids more creative

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

BEIJING - By the end of 2011 China-made supercomputers will say goodbye to foreign microchips（微芯片） and start using their own "Chinese core(核心)", according to one of the country's leading scientists, Hu Weiwu.
Hu told reporters on Saturday that the "Dawning 6000" supercomputer, developed by the Institute of Computing Technology of CAS and the Dawning Information Industry Company (DIIC), will adopt Loongson microchips for the first time as its core parts. It will have a computing speed of more than 1,000 trillion operations a second.
Making supercomputers with Chinese microchips is one of the nation's major science and technology projects. Three organizations - the Institute of Computing Technology of CAS, Jiangnan Institute of Computing Technology and the National University of Defense Technology (NUDT) - have their own supercomputer projects.
According to their schedules, all three institutions will need to meet the target of using domestically（國(guó)內(nèi)的） developed microchips by the end of this year. Hu said the new supercomputer will use fewer than 10,000 Loongson microchips, and will also be more energy-efficient.
Tianhe-1A, developed by NUDT in Hunan's provincial capital Changsha, is the fastest supercomputer in the world. However, Tianhe-1A largely runs on 14,336 CPUs made by Intel, and 7,186 GPUs (processing units) from Nvidia, two US chip-makers.
Hu said there will be difficulties ahead as there is little affiliated equipment specially developed for these supercomputers. "We have enough supercomputers in China but still can't make full use of them," He said.
Hu added that although the China-made CPUs have improved since they were first produced in 2002, they have a long way to go to compete with US chip-makers such as Intel.
小題1:What’s the best title for this passage?
A．The Arrival of Chinese Supercomputers
B．Homemade CPUs with a Long Way to Go
C．The Supercomputers of Three Organizations in China
D．Homemade CPUs on the Way for Local Supercomputers
小題2:What will raise the speed to more than 1,000 trillion operations a second.?
A．Dawning 6000B．Loongson microchips
C．DIICD．Tianhe-1A
小題3:What do we know about Tianhe-1A?
A. Not all the parts of Tianhe-1A are made by China.
B. Tianhe-1A is developed by CAS and DIIC.
C. Tianhe-1A will use fewer than 10,000 Loongson microchips.
D. NUDT has produced a most powerful supercomputer in China.
小題4:The underlined word “affiliated” can be replaced by_______.
A．cheapB．suitableC．expensiveD．modern

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