6.Scientists have discovered a real-life"moral compass"in the brain that controls how we judge other people's behavior.The region,which lies just behind the right ear,becomes more active when we think about other people's misdemeanor or good works.
In an experiment,researchers were able to use powerful magnets to disturb this area of the brain and make people temporarily less moral.The study discovers that our sense of right and wrong isn't just based on upbringing,religion or philosophy-but also by the biology of our brains.
The researchers used a non-invasive technique to disrupt the area of the brain.The technique generates a magnetic field on a small part of the skull which creates weak electric currents in the brain.These currents interfere(干擾) with nearby brain cells and prevent them from firing normally.
One story described a man who let his girlfriend walk over a bridge he knew was unsafe.The girl survived unharmed.Under normal conditions,most people rate the man's behavior as unacceptable.But after getting the magnetic pulse,the volunteers tended to see nothing wrong with his actions-and judged his behavior purely on whether his girlfriend survived.
Another story described two girls visiting a chemical plant where one girl asks her friend to put sugar in her coffee.The friend uses powder from a jar marked toxic (有毒的)-but as the powder turns out to be sugar.Volunteers with a disrupted moral compass tended to rate the girl's behavior as permissible because her friend was not injured-even though she was aware the powder came from a jar labeled toxic.
Throughout the experiment,irresponsible or deliberate actions that might have resulted in harm were seen as morally acceptable if the story had a"happy ending".
29.What's the probable meaning of the underlined word"misdemeanor"in Paragraph 1B?
A.Behavior
B.Misdeed
C.Fate
D.Adaption
30.The third paragraph mainly tells usA.
A.how the powerful magnets disrupt the area of the brain
B.what harm the powerful magnets bring to the brain
C.whether the powerful magnets can disrupt the area
D.how researchers spot the area with powerful magnets
31.What do the two stories want to tell us?B
A.People who like playing jokes on others is controlled by"moral compass".
B.People judge others'behavior acceptable or not by the"moral compass".
C.Whether people's behavior is acceptable or not is judged by a happy ending.
D.Different behavior controlled by the"moral compass"are all acceptable.
分析 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,主要向人們介紹了大腦中一個控制我們判斷他人行為的"道德指南區(qū)".
解答 29-31 BAB
29題答案:B考查細節(jié)推理,根據(jù)文章第一段的…h(huán)ow we judge other people's behavior.The region,which lies just behind the right ear,becomes more active when we think about other people's misdemeanor or good works."我們?nèi)绾闻袛嗨说男袨,當我們考慮他人的____或好的工作時這個剛好位于右耳后方的區(qū)域會變得更加活躍"可知與"好的行為(工作)對應(yīng)的是‘不好的行為'",故本題答案為B選項.
30題答案:A考查細節(jié)推理,第三段是以一個男孩讓自己的女朋友過一座明知不安全的橋的例子來說明人們因為強大的磁力會做出錯誤的判斷,這是因為磁力干擾了大腦;故本題答案為A選項.
31題答案:B考查細節(jié)推理,兩個例子都是在說明人作出判斷是基于我們大腦的生物反應(yīng)(受moral compass的影響)而非教養(yǎng)、宗教或哲學;故本題答案為B選項.
點評 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,題目涉及多道細節(jié)理解題,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對 性找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析,結(jié)合選項選出正確答案.推理判斷也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確的答案.