In order to know a foreign language completely, four things are necessary. First, we must understand the language when we hear it spoken. Secondly, we must be able to speak it ourselves, correctly with confidence  and without hesitation (猶豫). Thirdly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are correct in grammar. There is no short way to succeed in language learning. A good memory is a great help, but it is not enough only to memorize the rules from a grammar book. It is no much use learning by heart long lists of words and their meanings, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language. If we are pleased with a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. We must “Learn through use”. Practice is important. We must practise speaking and writing the language whenever we can.
小題1:The most important things to learn a foreign language are         .
A．understanding and speaking
B．hearing, speaking, reading and writing
C．writing and understanding
D．memorizing and listening
小題2:Someone hears and writes English very well, but he speaks it very badly. This is because     .
A．he doesn’t understand the language when he hears it spoken
B．he doesn’t have a good memory
C．he always remember lists of words and their meanings
D．he often hesitates to practise speaking it
小題3:One can never learn a foreign language well only by         .
A．much practiceB．studying the dictionary
C．learning through useD．using the language
小題4:Which of the following is the most important in learning a foreign language?
A．A good memory.B．Speaking.
C．Practice.D．Writing.
小題5:“Learn through use” means      .
A．we use a language in order to learn it
B．we learn foreign language in order to use it
C．we can learn a language well while we are using it
D．both B and C

小題1:B
小題2:D
小題3:B
小題4:C
小題5:C

試題分析：文章介紹了學習英語的四大要素：聽說讀寫，要掌握它們最重要的是多練習，在用中學。
小題1:歸納題：從全文可知學習一門外語最重要的是聽、說、讀、寫四種技能，A、C、D三項都不夠全面。選B
小題2:推理題：從文章的句子：Secondly, we must be able to speak it ourselves, correctly with confidence  and without hesitation (猶豫).可知會寫會讀還不行，還要毫不猶豫的說出來，選D
小題3:細節(jié)題：從文章的句子：It is no much use learning by heart long lists of words and their meanings, studying the dictionary and so on. 可知光學習字典是沒有用的，選B
小題4:細節(jié)題：從文章的句子：Practice is important. We must practise speaking and writing the language whenever we can.可知在學習英語時，最重要的還是“練”（practice），古語說，熟能生巧（Practice makes perfect），故選C。
小題5:細節(jié)題：從文章的句子：We must learn by using the language 可知“在用中學”，文章強調(diào)練習的重要性。A項顛倒了學與用的關(guān)系，B項雖對，卻不合題意。選C
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Instead of hitting the beach, fourteen high school students traded swimming suits for lab coats last summer and turned their attention to scientific experiments.
The High School Research Program offers high school students guidance with researchers in Texas A&M’s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. Jennifer Funkhouser, academic adviser for the Department of Rangeland Ecology and Management, directs this four-week summer program designed to increase understanding of research and its career potential.
Several considerations go into selecting students, including grades, school involvement and interest in science and agriculture. And many students come from poorer school districts, Funkhouser says, “This is their chance to learn techniques and do experiments they never would have a chance to do in high school.”
Warner Ervin of Houston is interested in animal science and learned how to tell male from female mosquitoes(蚊子）.His adviser, Craig Coates, studies the genes of mosquitoes that allow them to fight against malaria and yellow fever. Coates thought this experience would be fun and helpful to the high school students.
The agricultural research at A&M differs from stereotypes. It’s “molecular(分子）science on the cutting edge,” Funkhouser says. The program broadened students’ knowledge. Victor Garcia of Rio Grande City hopes to become a biology teacher and says he learned a lot about chemistry from the program.
At the end of the program, the students presented papers on their research. They’re also paid $600 for their work-another way this program differs from others, which often charge a fee.
Fourteen students got paid to learn that science is fun, that agriculture is a lot more than milking and plowing and that research can open many doors.
小題1:The research program is chiefly designed for  _______.
A．high school advisers from Houston
B．college students majoring in agriculture
C．high school students from different places
D．researchers at the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences
小題2:It can be inferred from the text that the students in poorer areas  ___________ .
A．had little chance to go to college
B．could often take part in the program
C．found the program useful to their future
D．showed much interest in their high school experiments
小題3:When the program was over, the students  ________.
A．entered that collegeB．wrote research reports
C．paid for their researchD．found way to make money
小題4:The underlined expression “on the cutting edge” in paragraph 5 means “on the most  ___ position”.
A．importantB．favorable
C．a(chǎn)stonishingD．a(chǎn)dvanced

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Below is a selection from a popular science book.
If blood is red, why are veins (靜脈) blue?
Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a clear, yellowish colour. Although blood looks red when it's outside the body, when it's sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin, it's more of a dark reddish purple color. At the right depth, these blood-filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison.
Which works harder, your heart or your brain?
Which works harder depends on whether you are busy thinking or busy exercising. Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker. But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when you’re sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.
Why do teeth fall out, and why don't they grow back in grown-ups?
Baby (or "milk") teeth do not last long; they fall out to make room for bigger, stronger adult teeth later on. Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged, decayed and infected by bacteria. Once this second set of teeth has grown in, you're done. When they're gone, they’re gone. This is because nature figures you're set for life, and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.
Do old people shrink as they age?
Yes and no. Many people do get shorter as they age. But, when they do, it isn't because they're shrinking all over. They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity. Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older. Men lose an average of 3-4 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more. If you live to be 200 years old, would you keep shrinking till you were, like 60 cm tall, like a little boy again? No, because old people don't really shrink! It is not that they are growing backwards — their legs, arms and backbones getting shorter. When they do get shorter, it's because the spine has shortened a little or, more often, become more bent and curved.
Why does spinning（旋轉(zhuǎn)） make you dizzy (眩暈的)?
Because your brain gets confused between what you're seeing and what you're feeling. The brain senses that you’re spinning using special gravity-and-motion-sensing organs in your inner ear, which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance stable. But when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control, and your brain thinks you're moving while you're not!
Where do feelings and emotions come from?
Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system. All mammals have this brain area — from mice to dogs, cats, and humans. So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear, pain and pleasure. But since human feelings also involve other newer bits of the brain, we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on the planet.
If exercise wears you out, how can it be good for you?
Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them. And as far as your body is concerned, it’s "use it, or lose it”! It's not that exercise makes you healthy; it's more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.
小題1:What is the color of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?
A．Blue. B．Light yellow.C．Red. D．Dark reddish purple.
小題2:Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?
A．Because their spine is in active use.
B．Because they are more easily affected by gravity.
C．Because they keep growing backwards.
D．Because their spine becomes more bent.
小題3:Which of the following statements about our brain is true?
A．In the long run, our brain probably works harder than our heart.
B．When our brain senses the spinning, we will fell dizzy.
C．The brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.
D．Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.
小題4:What is the main purpose of the selection?
A．To give advice on how to stay healthy.
B．To provide information about our body.
C．To challenge new findings in medical research.
D．To report the latest discoveries in medical science.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Scientists are developing a new kind of machine to take the place of humans. These machines can do jobs in places that are too dangerous for humans. For example, they are being developed to work in nuclear power center, deep under the oceans and in outer space.
John Marrit, a psychologist(心理學家) in Williamsburg Massachusetts, helped develop the new machine. This is how they work. A machine is placed in an area far away from the person who operates it. The person wears special hard hat with television screens and sound equipment. The screens and sound equipment let the person see and hear exactly what the machine is seeing and hearing. Mr. Marrit says this gives the person the feeling of being in the same place as the machine. The idea, he says, is being there without going there. The person uses an electronic control to make the machine move. The machine copies the person’s movements exactly. If the person raises his right arm, the machine raises the right arm, too. This means an expert can do a dangerous job while staying in the safe place. For example, a person can direct the machine to destroy a bomb without going near the bomb himself.
小題1:The new kind of machine being introduced in the passage is _______.
A．in existenceB．only an idea
C．being tried outD．being researched and developed
小題2:The machine _______.
A．follows the person’s order
B．is controlled by a computer
C．does exactly what the person does
D．is controlled by a television on the person’s head
小題3:The difference between such a new machine and a robot is that _______.
A．the new machine is more difficult to make than a robot
B．the new machine is more difficult to be controlled
C．a(chǎn) robot is controlled by man indirectly
D．a(chǎn) robot can’t be used in places too dangerous or faraway

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To get a chocolate out of a box requires a lot of unpacking: the box has to be taken out of the paper bag in which it arrived, the cellophane (玻璃紙) wrapper has to be torn off, the lid opened and the paper removed, the chocolate itself then has to be unwrapped from its own piece of paper. But this overuse of wrapping is not limited to luxuries. It is now becoming increasingly difficult to buy anything that is not done up in beautiful wrapping.
The package itself is of no interest to the shopper, who usually throws it away immediately. Useless wrapping accounts for much of the refuse put out by the average London house-hold each week. So why is it done? Some of it, like the cellophane on meat, is necessary, but most of the rest is simply competitive selling. This is absurd. Packaging is using up valuable energy and resources and polluting the environment.
Recycling is already happening with milk bottles which are returned to the dairies (牛奶場）, washed out, and refilled. But both glass and paper are being threatened by the growing use of plastic. More dairies are experimenting with plastic bottles.
The trouble with plastic is that it does not rot. Some environmentalists argue that the only solution to the problem of ever increasing plastic containers is to throw away plastic altogether in the shops, a suggestion unacceptable to many producers who say there is no alternative (替代品) to their handy plastic packs.
It is evident that more research is needed into the recovery and re-use of various materials and into the cost of collecting and recycling containers rather than producing new ones. Unnecessary packaging, intended to be used just once, and to make things look better so more people will buy them, is clearly becoming increasingly absurd. But it is not so much a question of throwing away packaging as using it wisely. What is needed now is a more advanced approach to using scarce resources for what is, after all, a relatively unimportant function.
小題1:The underlined part “this overuse of wrapping is not limited to luxuries” in Paragraph l means ______.
A．more wrapping is needed for ordinary products
B．the wrapping used for luxury products is unnecessary
C．more wrapping is used for luxuries than for ordinary products
D．too much wrapping is used for both luxury and ordinary products
小題2:Why is packaging important to producers?
A．It is easy to use it again.
B．Packaged things will not go rotten.
C．They want to attract more shoppers.
D．Shoppers are all interested in beautiful packaging.
小題3:According to the passage, dairies are ______.
A．reusing their paper containers
B．giving up the use of glass bottles
C．increasing the use of plastic bottles
D．experimenting with the use of paper bottles
小題4:Some environmentalists think that ______.
A．too much plastic is wasted
B．shops should stop using plastic containers
C．no alternative can be found to plastic packaging
D．plastic packaging should be made more convenient

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

But what is teacher quality? How can one measure it reliably?
An analysis is issued on a sample of data from a Texas school district. Experts argue convincingly that teacher effectiveness should be measured by students’ gains on standardized tests: Mr. Smith is probably a better teacher than Ms. Brown if his students consistently improve their test scores more than hers do.
Though this approach is appealing, there are tricky issues. For example, what if Ms. Brown teaches in a school where students score so high there is little room for improvement?
The authors try to correct for this problem, as well as other sorts of measurement issues, to generate a measurement of teacher effectiveness. The paper is primarily concerned with how this measure is related to other observable characteristics.
The first finding is that there is a large variation in teacher effectiveness: some teachers consistently have a larger impact on their students’ achievement than others.
Second, easily observable characteristics like having a master’s degree or a passing score on the teacher certification exam are not correlated關(guān)聯(lián) with teacher effectiveness.
Then what does matter? The most important single influence is experience: first-year teachers are much less effective than others. The second year is significantly better, and by the fourth year, most teachers hit their stride.
It is not entirely clear whether this experience effect is learning by doing (the more you teach, the more effective you become) or survival of the fittest (those who are not good at teaching tend to drop out early.)
From my reading of the paper, both effects appear important and there is no simple answer. The data do suggest, however, that teacher effectiveness is pretty clear by the end of the second year, so the information to make an informed decision is available at that time.
The authors also investigate the contentious 有爭議的issue of racial matching of students and teachers. Here they find strong evidence that minority teachers tend to be more effective with minority students. Again, it is unclear whether this is because of a role model effect (students respond better to a teacher of their own race) or an empathy effect 移情效應(teachers empathize better with students of their own race) or something else entirely.
The authors also look at teacher mobility. There is some evidence that teachers who quit teaching or switch schools tend to be below average in effectiveness. This is consistent with the survival-of-the-fittest model.
小題1:The schoolmaster could decide wisely whether to further employ the teacher by the end of the ______.
A．the first yearB．the second yearC．the third yearD．the fourth year
小題2:The phrase “hit their stride” most probably means “______”.
A．reach their normal levelB．become confident
C．walk with long stepsD．get bored
小題3:The author of this passage holds the view that ______.
A．teachers will perform better with time passing
B．ineffective teachers should leave earlier rather than later
C．teacher’s effectiveness is apparent after a couple of years
D．a(chǎn) master’s degree will improve teacher’s effectiveness
小題4:Why do black teachers tend to be more effective with black students?
A．Students fell secure, so they respond better.
B．Teachers sympathize with students of their own race.
C．There are entirely some other identified reasons.
D．The reasons are far from clear and definite.
小題5:Which of the following may serve as the best title?
A．The Quality of Teaching
B．Impact of Teacher Quality on Student Learning
C．Different Sorts of Measurement Issues
D．Survival-of-the-fittest Model vs. Learning-by-doing Model

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

We are fortunate to be living in a time when all people have the ability to access any knowledge they desire. This digital society that we live in affords us opportunities that our ancestor only dreamed of having. We should not take this privilege for granted.
In the not so distant past of the 1950s, people who wanted to research an idea, a product, or anything else, had to go to a library where they could look up information in books. Not all people had the same access to the books, and the information they contained. In America, if your skin was black, you could not use the same library that a person with white skin used. If a black skinned person was allowed access to a library, it most likely was stocked with outdated books that white skinned people had discarded.
In the digital society we live in today, the color of your skin does not determine the access you have to information. Technology has brought to us the powerful tools like the Internet where we can find information on almost every subject.
Access to the Internet has allowed us to research the things we are planning to purchase. We are capable of comparing prices on things like insurance, appliances, entertainment, clothing, and all other things. We also now have the ability to purchase items online without ever leaving our homes. We have been freed from the restrictions of store hours, and regional sales. A person in America can purchase a product from a person in Germany, without leaving home.
Because of the digital society we live in our children can learn about anything they are interested in. When they ask you what the dinosaurs ate, you can look it up, and tell them the answer. Because of this people will be smarter in the future, and technology will only improve.
小題1:By “We should not take this privilege for granted”, the writer means that ______.
A．we have special right to do anything
B．it is wrong to make use of the privilege
C．knowledge is important in the digital society
D．we should seize the chances the modern society offers
小題2:The main idea of the fourth paragraph is that ______.
A．the Internet brings us a lot of convenience
B．people in modern society are mostly wealthy
C．we would like to stay at home every day
D．we can find anything we like in the world
小題3:The dinosaurs are mentioned in the last paragraph in order to tell us that _____.
A．people will be much clever than ever
B．what the dinosaurs ate seems strange to us
C．finding out what the dinosaurs looked like is easy
D．we can learn knowledge with the help of technology
小題4:The writer’s attitude toward the digital society is ______.
A．criticalB．positiveC．neutralD．negative

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Mu Yumin had no idea that when he stopped by the computer club as a freshman looking for something fun, it would decide his career four years later．The 22 -year -old biology major at Huazhong  University of Science and Technology found a job as an IT technician in Shanghai．" My experience in the club gave me another 'diploma' ,"  said Mu．" More importantly, I found something I am good at and can make a living from．"
Now campuses(校園) around the country have started recruiting（吸收某人為新成員） fresh faces for all kinds of clubs．Upperclassmen and experts suggest a hobby-based choice of clubs, which might have a lasting impact（影響）on one' s life and career Zhang Ling did not get many chances to write stories as an environmental protection major at Jiangxi University of Science and Technology．But this changed when she joined the university broadcast station．Her daily interviews with students and teachers expanded her horizon．Now she is determined to become a journalist on environmental issues with her degree in environmental protection．"Journalism changed my life track," said the 22 –year-old girl．"I only wanted to be a science teacher in a local senior high school．But now I am applying for a graduate school in journalism."
Lan Yujie, professor at Anhui University of Technology, regards Mu and Zhang as good examples of choosing "what I like" instead of " what is practical" in finding jobs and seeking further study． "Some freshmen don't know what to choose," said Lan．"Just following a hobby and doing something you like can easily give you the experience that makes you happy and special．"
Lan further says that joining clubs should not necessarily have a purpose,  As part of campus life, a club experience will impact one's life and career m one way or another．"The point of clubs is to have as many diverse（多樣的）experiences as possible so that students can explore more of their life," said Lan．
小題1:Why did Mu Yumin join the computer club?
A．To get another diplomA.        B．To change his major．
C．To find a good joB.            D．To have a good time．
小題2:Which of the followings is true about Zhang Ling?
A．She didn't intend to be a journalist．
B．She changed her major to journalism．
C．She now works as a science teacher
D．She's graduated from the university．
小題3:According to the text, joining the campus club has many advantages EXCEPT         .
A．helping you know what you really like
B．making you plan your career better
C．helping you to make more friends
D．obtaining more life experiences
小題4:What can we learn from Lan Yujie's words in the last paragraph?
A．Club experiences will affect students' life and career
B．Students should be practical in finding jobs
C．Joining clubs should have a clear goal．
D．Students will have a colorful campus life by joining clubs．
小題5:What is the main idea of the text?
A．How to change your major．
B．Joining a campus club for a diploma．
C．How to find a job after graduation
D．Joining a club to explore more of your life．

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解



Tre’S mom，Christina Thompson, cannot believe how much her son already learned this year in his full-day, free pre-school class in Oklahoma City. “Since he’s been in school his vocabulary has increased surprisingly,” Thompson says. “The other day he came home and said, ‘You know what ，mom? You are being ridiculous，” Thompson laughs quietly. “And then he asked, ‘Do you know what ‘ridiculous’ means, mom?’” Tre knows the entire alphabet, his numbers to 100，and he’s starting to read. And letters and numbers aside, Thompson is most struck by how fast Tre is absorbing vocabulary and language.
Of course, not all pre-school is created equal. High quality pre-schools have well-trained, well-educated teachers in the classroom (much like Tre Thompson’s teacher Mrs. Wallace, who uses play-based learning to teach both academics and social skills and can rattle off (飛快說出） a battery of data on how well her students are progressing towards their year-end goals). Texas can also offer a model for educator development: its Texas School Ready! Campaign has proven to increase the quality of participating pre-schools by providing early childhood teachers with coaching, professional development, research-based curriculum (課程)，and progress monitoring. States and districts should also combine pre-school with the K-12 system, as Oklahoma does ，so that children enter kindergarten smoothly.
Oklahoma is one of the leading states in providing students like Tre with free ，full-day pre-school. And the results are already paying off: According to a 2012 study, Oklahoma kids that went through pre-school showed vocabulary gains 28% higher than those of children without pre-school, and math gains 44% higher than non-pre-school kids. And we know that high-quality pre-school doesn’t just mean higher scores in elementary school. They were more likely to have graduated from high school and less likely to have committed a violent crime. They also earned more money and were more likely to be employed.
We know pre-school works, so let’s stop talking and start building a system where all children have access to excellent early childhood education. As any well-educated four year old could tell us, not doing so would be ridiculous.
小題1:The case of Tre in the first paragraph serves as the evidence of______.
A．children’s disrespect towards parents
B．the bad performance of students at school
C．the positive effect of pre-school on children
D．Thompson’s doubt about her son’s education
小題2:At high quality pre-schools, children may learn by______
A．playingB．modellingC．researchingD．monitoring
小題3:It can be inferred that______.
A．children can not enter kindergarten without pre-school
B．Oklahoma is the best state offering full-day pre-school
C．a(chǎn)ll pre-schools have well-trained, well-educated teachers
D．kids with pre-school may be better equipped for their future
小題4:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Not all pre-school works
B．All pre-school is created equal
C．We owe our kids universal pre-school
D．Pre-school goes well with K-12 system

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