閱讀下面短文，簡(jiǎn)要回答問(wèn)題。
One of the greatest things about growing older is that you get to stay up late. It’s not just your parents who that decision. Your body lets you enjoy dark hours, too.
Resent study has shown that brain changes during teen years make it easier for kids to stay up late. “But it doesn’t mean that you should stay up late just because you can stay up late,” scientists say. Young people who don’t get enough sleep are often late for school, or they miss it completely. And their grades go down. “If you’re sleeping in school, you’re not learning,” says Mary Carskadon who is a sleep researcher.
Lack of sleep is a growing problem in the United States. Schools have been starting earlier in recent years. And with TV, computers, and video games attracting them, people of all ages are sleeping less than their parents or their grandparents did.
Sleep is important because it gives our bodies time to recover from the stress (壓力) of living. Studies show that the adults (成人) who sleep less than 6 hours a night have mote heart problems and die sooner than the adults who sleep 7 to 8 hours a night.
How much sleep do you need? It depends mainly on your age. Babies often sleep for the most of the day. By the time they’re 10 years old, kids need an average of 10 hours a night. As they get older, kids have signs to sleep less. But given the chance in an experiment to sleep as long as they want to, young teenagers have 10 hours of sleep. There are even some indications that teenagers may need more sleep than younger kids.
小題1: Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to the underlined word “indications”.（在文章中找一個(gè)與indications意義相近的詞） (2分)
_______________________________________.
小題2: What is the main cause of young teenagers’ staying up late? (回答字?jǐn)?shù)不超過(guò)8個(gè)) (3分)
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小題3: Why is sleep so important? (回答字?jǐn)?shù)不超過(guò)13個(gè)) (3分)
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小題4: What can be the best way to ensure the sleeping time of the school children in the USA according to the passage? (回答字?jǐn)?shù)不超過(guò)6個(gè)) (2分)
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 閱讀表達(dá)（共5小題；每小題3分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文并回答問(wèn)題，然后將答案寫(xiě)到答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
“No man is an island”is a well-known line from John Donne’s Devotion, written more than three hundred years ago．Even now people still agree with him．No one can live a completely isolated life．Without other people, life became empty and sad．We all need to have friends.
For some of us, though making friends is not difficult, feeling shy, we may not want to make the first move．It is also difficult at times to keep the friends we already have.
There are many books about friendship, but Dale Carnegie’s How to Win Friends and Influence People, written in 1936, is the most famous．This “how to” book about getting along with other people became a best seller．It was later put into 28 languages.
Dale Carnegie’s advice seems to be simple, but can his advice help you? Do you need to change the way you act? Here is the list of advice from his book:
（1）Be friendly and polite.
Always greet with a smile．Begin with “excuse me ” or “would you please” when       ．Remember to say “thank you” and try to be as helpful as you can.
（2）Go out of your way to be nice.
Find some time to do special things for other people．Making some soup for a sick neighbour may seem like a little thing to you, but it will make your neighbour feel a lot better.
（3）Remember names.
They say that the sweetest music to a person’s ears is the sound of his or her own name.
（4）Be open-minded.
Try to understand other people’s ways and ideas and learn something from them.
（5）Listen patiently．When someone is talking to you, look at him or her, listen carefully and say something when necessary．
小題1:What is the best title of this passage？（Please answer within 5 words）
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小題2:Please fill in the blank with proper words.（Please answer within 10 words）
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小題3:Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
They will feel very happy when they hear their names．
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小題4:Why do some of us feel it not easy to make friends?（Please answer within 10 words）
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小題5:Translate the underlined sentence in the second paragraph into Chinese.
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閱讀下面短文并回答問(wèn)題，然后將答案寫(xiě)到答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上（請(qǐng)注意問(wèn)題后的字?jǐn)?shù)要求）。
America is a country on the move．In unheard-of numbers, people of all ages are exercising their way to better health．According to the latest figures，59 percent of American adults exercise regularly—up 12 percent from just two years ago and more than double the figure of 25 years ago．Even non-exercisers believe they would be more attractive and confident if they were more active．
It is hard not to get the message．The virtues of physical fitness are shown on magazine covers，postage stamps，and television ads for everything from beauty soaps to travel books．Exercise as a part of daily life did not catch on until the late 1960s when research by military doctors began to show the health benefits of doing regular physical exercises．Growing publicity for races held in American cities helped fuel a strong interest in the ancient sport of runningAlthough Americans have also discovered other forms of exercise（such as walking and swimming），running________________________________________．
As the popularity of exercise continues to increase．so does scientific evidence of its health benefits．The key to fitness is exercising the major muscle group vigorously enough to approximately double the heart rate and keep it doubled for 20 to 30 minutes at a time．Doing such physical exercises three times or more a week will produce considerable improvements in physical health in about three months．
小題1:What is the best title for the passage?（Please answer within 10 words．）
小題2:Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
There are a lot of people of all ages who seek for better health through exercise．
小題3:Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．（Please answer within 10 words．）
小題4:What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph?（Please answer within 30 words．）
小題5:Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese．

閱讀下面的短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文后的要求答題（請(qǐng)注意問(wèn)題后的字?jǐn)?shù)要求）
[1]One thing Britain is famous for is pubs, and no trip to the UK would be complete without a visit to one of the thousands of pubs across the country.
[2] Pubs play an important part in the social structure of the country. They are places where all ages and social classes mix to talk, do business, or just spend a couple of quiet hours before heading home in the evening.
[3] There are many different types of beer available in pubs. Traditional British beer is called bitter, or ale, and is usually served at room temperature. As a result, the British are famous for their ‘warm beer’ ! If you prefer a cold beer, ask for lager. This beer is a light yellow in color whereas bitter is usually a darker brown. All beers are served as pints (500ml) or haves (250ml). To order, you need to ask for a pint or half, and then name the beer. So, you could say “          ”.
[4]Wine, red or white, is normally available in all pubs, as are spirits such as whisky, gin or vodka.
[5]It is not, however, necessary to drink alcohol. Non-alcoholic drinks are called soft drinks. You can have juice, lemonade or cola, among others.
[6]If you visit a pub in a group, it is important to pay for your ‘round’. This means that you buy a drink for everyone in your group.  Not buying your round is a big social mistake! Remember that you need to order and pay for your drinks at the bar.
[7]So, follow these tips if you want to get the most out of visiting a pub, and, “cheers!”
小題1:What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)
小題2:Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
If you don’t buy a drink for everyone in your group, you are socially wrong.
小題3:Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 1 words.)
小題4:If you are in a pub, what would you like to drink? Why? (Please answer within 20 words.)
小題5:Translate the underlined sentence in the second paragraph into Chinese.

Chinese cuisine（菜肴）is widely known and enjoyed in the world. But there is one interesting concept concerning Chinese food which is almost unheard of in the West, and which is becoming increasingly ignored by the youth of the East - the ancient custom of “tonic food.”
Tonic food is food which is consumed to improve one’s well-being, or stave off sickness, particularly at times when one is more likely to fall ill. For instance, it was once the custom for new mothers to eat a sesame-oil hot pot every day for the first month after giving birth. It was believed that this dish would benefit the muscles, reduce pain, improve circulation, stimulate sweating, and warm the body.
In fact, some Western theories of health are similar to the beliefs in Chinese tonic food, although each takes a different path toward the very same goal. Western medicine actually recommends some of the exact same ingredients that make up tonic foods. Sesame oil can provide lots of calories, and chicken meat is particularly high in protein. Any Western doctor should be happy to suggest such a Chinese dish after childbirth.
The elderly, weak, and young can also benefit greatly from tonic foods, especially during the winter. Some foods, such as goat meat and spinach, are seen as “hot,” while others, such as Chinese cabbage and radish, are seen as “cold.” One should be careful not to eat too much of either “hot” or “cold” food. However, how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat depends on the time of the year, how the food is prepared and what it is prepared with, and the individual’s health.
“Warm” or “cool” tonic foods are strongly recommended. The choices for “warm” and “cool” foods range from simple sea cucumber to the delicacy of bird’s nest soup, depending on the individual’s economic circumstances.
The concept of tonic food is far from losing credibility, either with Westerners or practitioners of modern medicine. For example, up until two years ago, tonic foods were added to the meals served at a renowned hospital.
小題1:What attitude do the young in the East hold towards “tonic food”?（不超過(guò)5個(gè)詞）(2分)
小題2:Why are some Western theories of health considered similar to the Chinese beliefs in tonic food? (不超過(guò)11個(gè)詞) （2分）
小題3: List four factors deciding the amount of tonic food. （不超過(guò)20個(gè)詞）（3分）
小題4: What does the passage mainly talk about? （不超過(guò)6個(gè)詞）（3分）

閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文后的要求答題（請(qǐng)注意問(wèn)題后的詞數(shù)要求）
Some expressions have made a jump from sports events to everyday life. One such expression is fall guy. A fall guy is the person who someone decides will be the loser or victim.
The first fall guys were men who wrestled for money. At the end of the 19^th century, wrestling was a very popular sport in the United States. Wrestling competitions were held not only in big cities but also at country fairs and traveling shows. As wrestling gained in popularity, it became less like a sport because the winners of the matches were arranged in advance. The wrestlers knew -----before the match ----- which one of them would be the winner.
The goal in wrestling is to hold the shoulders of your opponent down against the floor. This is called a fall. Sometimes, one of the wrestlers would be paid before the match to take the fall. He would agree ____________ ---the fall guy.
Today, a fall guy is anyone who is tricked into taking the blame for the crime or wrongdoing of someone else. There are fall guys in many situations --- people who publicly take the blame when something goes wrong.
A fall guy takes the rap for something wrong or illegal. He accepts responsibility and punishment for what someone else did. He may have something to do with the situation, but is not the person who should be blamed.
The word rap has meant blame for several hundred years. The expression to take the rap was first used about one hundred years ago. Another similar expression is bum rap. A person receives a bum rap if he is found guilty of a crime but is really innocent.
小題1:What does the expression “ a fall guy” refer to according to Paragraph 1? (within 15 words)
___________________________________________________________________________
小題2:Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?
However, as the sport became more popular, it became less and less of a sport, as many of the matches were fixed.
________________________________________________________________________
小題3:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words. (within 5 words)
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小題4:What does it mean if someone receives a bum rap? (within 15 words)
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小題5:Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 into Chinese.
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From bankers to factory staff, employees in the west face the bleak prospect of losing their jobs as a global recession starts to bite. For colleagues in the East the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut.
Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian firms try harder to keep jobs in difficult times, which will stop unemployment and may help keep Asian economies afloat at a time of slowing exports.
The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, leaving some experts predicting Western shift to Eastern flexibility.
“In the Confucian attitude, the right thing to do is to share the burden. There is the sense of collective responsibility whereas in the west, it’s more about the individual survival,” said Michael Benotlel, associate professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University.
Steven Pang, Asian Regional director for Aquent, a headhunting firm, said in many East Asian companies there was an responsibility “ to take care of the members of the family and go through the pain together” even if that meant causing losses.
Us firms from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousands. But at the Asian units of Western multinationals, jobs cuts will probably be less severe.
Japan’s jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 percent in January, while Hong Kong’s was flat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last month from below 5 percent in January.
Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East
and West, the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals from abroad.
小題1:According to the passage, what does “to share the burden” mean?
( less than 6 words)
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小題2: Why would firms in the west lay off workers when facing a bleak prospect?
( no more than 5 words)
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小題3:Why is it easier for the East Asian firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn? (no more than 12 words)
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小題4:What’s the passage talking about? (no more than 15 words)
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Museums have changed. They are no longer places that one “should” go to but to enjoy.
At a science museum in Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. At the Children’s Museum in New York, you can play an African drum. There are no “Do Not Touch” sign in some other museums in the USA.
More and more museum directors have realized that people learn best when they can become part of what they are seeing. In many science museums, the visitors are encouraged to touch, listen, operate and experiment so as to discover scientific rules for themselves.
The purpose is not only to provide fun, but also help people feel at home in the world of science. If people don’t understand science, they will be afraid of it; and if they are afraid of science, they will not make the best use of it.
One cause of all these changes is the increase in wealth and spare time. Another cause is that the number of young people grow in the population. Many of them are college students or college graduates. They see things in a new and different way. They want art that they can take part in. The same is true of science and history.
The old museums have been changing and the government is encouraging the building of new, modern museums. In the States and Canada, there are more than 6000 museums, twice as many as there were 25 years ago.
Title: 小題1: __________________________

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
We’d like to agree with the recent report comparing the difference between a TV and a computer: When you use one you turn your brain on, with the other you turn it off.
Your brain may not be the only thing the TV turns off. It seems that men who watch a lot of TV are more sedentary, eat more food and are generally much fatter. Similar result have been found for women. Experts think that watching TV means that not only are you sedentary, but you have to watch food advertisement inducing you to eat more. The food that you are being induced to eat may not be good enough for you health.
If you are a couch potato, here are some suggestions:
Tape a piece of paper to the back of your remote control or TV Guide, and every time you watch a show, note how long you sit there and what you eat..
Review the record after a week. This can be a shock.
Don’t have a TV in your bedroom; having a TV in your bedroom greatly increases viewing time and if you tend to eat while viewing, the results are obvious.
Think of a healthy way instead of watching TV that you like. This can be as simply as walking the dog or walking to visit a neighbor regularly.
After a few months you are likely to be surprised about how much more time you seem to have and how much better you feel.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)
小題1:The phrase “a couch potato” best describe a person who ___________.
小題2:The author believes watching TV _______________ your brain.
小題3:Why shouldn’t you put a TV set in your bedroom?______________.
小題4:According to the passage, which maybe the healthy ways? ___________.

There are many customs and traditions connected to yearly celebrations which are part of Britain’s folklore (民俗). Lughnasadh is a celebration at the beginning of August. A custom connected with it is to make corn dolls with corn from the last of the harvest. The doll is saved until the following spring when it is put back into the earth with new seeds. People believe that the doll contains the spirit of the corn and will bring a good harvest. Christmas too is full of ancient customs. The traditions of lighting a fire and decorating the home with an evergreen have their roots in times long before Christianity. The fire is to keep away evil spirits and fill the home with light and the evergreen is valued because it is a sign that life continued during those cold, dark days.
Not all the origins of ancient traditions are remembered, however. The roots of Morris dancing, for example, are not known. This is a dance in which men (and sometimes women ) dressed in white dance together. Some people think the dance may be from pre-Christmas times, and others say it was introduced into Britain in the late 15^th century and that it comes from Moorish dancing. In any case, it is interesting to see that Morris dancing is not a dying tradition. There are Morris dancing groups in places as far away as New Zealand and San Francisco!
Although these customs have been passed down to us from forgotten generations, they themselves have not been forgotten and continue to play a part in our modern lives. Every week groups of individuals regularly meet to sing, play instruments or practice ancient dances and this month people all over Britain shall be preparing their homes for the ancient celebration we now call Christmas, lighting fires and putting up Christian trees, just as their great-great–grandfathers once did.
小題1:Why are corn dolls used to celebrate Lughnasadh? （no more than 14 words）(2分)
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小題2:How do people celebrate Christmas according to the passage?（no more than 10 words）(2分)
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小題3:What idea does the underlined sentence try to support ? （no more than 11words）(3分)
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小題4:What’s the main idea of the passage? ( no more than 9 words)  (3分)
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