5.Parents are often amazed at how fast their child grows and develops.New research has determined that the ability to quantify may develop much sooner than most parents realize.
Kristy vanMarle,professor of the University of Missouri,has determined that contrary to what previous studies have shown,infants(嬰兒)are able to quantify substances(物質)-like sand or water-as early as 10months.As long as the difference between the two substances is large enough,infants will choose the larger amount,especially when it comes to food.
With the assistance of her team researchers,vanMarle tested the quantifying skills of babies by presenting them with two cups:one containing a small amount of food,and one containing a larger amount.Consistently,the babies chose the larger amount.
"Several studies throughout the last 15years have shown that infants are very good at telling how many objects they see; however,infants don't seem to count things like water or sand,"vanMarle said."What we're saying is that they can quantify substances; it's just much harder.The infants can see how much food goes into each cup and compare that in their memories.They decide which amount is larger,and they almost always select the larger one."
This information further refutes(駁斥)the long-held idea that babies"know nothing of the world,"vanMarle said.
"Since psychologists have begun studying infants with sensitive measures,we've discovered a lot of early abilities.I think for parents,it should be exciting to know that there's somebody in there that has some fundamental and basic knowledge of the world,and that knowledge is guiding their development,"vanMarle said.
In the future,vanMarle says this kind of study could be linked to a child's progress in math-related skills,although programs marketed to increase those abilities,such as"Baby Einstein,"still have mixed reviews when it comes to academic study.
66.The quantifying ability refers to the ability toC.
A.choose between different substances
B.get much knowledge of the world
C.describe the quantity of something
D.obtain math-related skills
67.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?B
A.The process of doing research.
B.The scientific findings.
C.The final choice of infants.
D.The observation of infants'behavior.
68.Babies choose the larger amount of foodD.
A.by saying numbers
B.with the help of parents
C.on personal preference
D.through their natural abilities
69.We can learn from the text thatD.
A.some parents don't care about their kids
B.people used to think the world is known to babies
C.little research has been done on infants
D.scholars disagree on baby-training programs
70.What's the best title of the text?A
A.Breakthrough in Baby Studies
B.Amazing Baby-training Ideas
C.Early Human Abilities
D.Unique Quantifying Methods.
分析 本文作者主要介紹了美國密蘇里大學教授Kristy vanMarle及其研究團隊在嬰兒研究方面取得的突破以及未來的研究方向:vanMarle教授的研究推翻了長期以來人們認為嬰兒對世界"一無所知"的觀點,她通過分析嬰兒擅長判斷食物的數(shù)量并會選擇量較大的那一個,即得出嬰兒具有量化物質的能力; vanMarle教授還提出今后可能會將此類的研究與培養(yǎng)兒童數(shù)學相關技能的進步連接起來.
解答 66~70 CBDDA
66.C細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段中的"As long as the difference between the two substances is large enough,infants will choose the larger amount,especially when it comes to food."以及第三段中的"one containing a small amount of food,and one containing a larger amount.Consistently,the babies chose the larger amount."可知,vanMarle教授及其研究團隊認為:嬰兒在面對數(shù)量上有差異的物質尤其是食物時,會選擇量較大那一個;因此可推測出vanMarle教授他們提出的quantifying ability (量化能力)指的應是:辨別事物數(shù)量的能力.故選C.
67.B段落大意題.通讀第四段可知,本段主要介紹了vanMarle及其研究團隊近15年來的研究結果:雖然嬰兒擅長判斷食物的數(shù)量并去選擇量較大的那個,但卻不能分辨出水或沙的數(shù)量;即嬰兒在量化除了食物之外的物質方面還存在著很大的困難.故選B.
68.D細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第四段中的"The infants can see how much food goes into each cup and compare that in their memories"可知,通過與自己印象中的食物數(shù)量相比對,嬰兒便可以判斷出每個杯子中的食物的多少;因此嬰兒之所以會選擇較大數(shù)量的食物是由于他們天生就有這種能力.故選D.
69.D細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)最后一段…still have mixed reviews when it comes to academic study.可知學者們就嬰兒培訓計劃存在分歧.故選D.
70.A標題選擇題.通讀全文可知,本文主要介紹了vanMarle及其研究團隊的研究結果:嬰兒天生就具有量化食物的能力;由于她的這一研究結果推翻了長期以來人們認為嬰兒對世界"一無所知"的觀點,因此可將本文的題目定為:在嬰兒研究方面的突破.故選A.
點評 本文考察學生的理解推斷能力以及細心程度,只要抓住文章的關鍵詞,采用尋讀的方法查找細節(jié),就能找到正確答案.