高三化學(xué)攻關(guān)三十六法之――噴泉實(shí)驗(yàn)

噴泉實(shí)驗(yàn)，是高考常考內(nèi)容，題型的設(shè)計(jì)屢有創(chuàng)新，難度在變化中遞增。

●難點(diǎn)磁場(chǎng)

請(qǐng)?jiān)囎鱿铝蓄}目，然后自我界定學(xué)習(xí)本篇是否需要。

如圖42―1所示，甲學(xué)生在燒瓶中充滿O₂，并在反匙燃燒匙中加入一種白色固體物質(zhì)，欲做O₂的噴泉實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)開始后，用凸透鏡將日光聚焦于反匙燃燒匙中的固體，燃燒匙內(nèi)出現(xiàn)一陣火光和白煙。等一會(huì)兒，打開橡皮管上的止水夾。甲理論分析認(rèn)為，應(yīng)該看到有美麗的噴泉發(fā)生。結(jié)果實(shí)驗(yàn)成功了。請(qǐng)問他在反匙燃燒匙中加入了什么物質(zhì)？

●案例探究

[例題]都能用圖42―2裝置進(jìn)行噴泉實(shí)驗(yàn)的一組氣

體是                                                           圖42―1     

圖42―2

A.HCl和CO₂                                                                                      B.NH₃和CH₄         

C.SO₂和CO₂                                                                                       D.NO₂和NO

命題意圖：考查學(xué)生對(duì)噴泉實(shí)驗(yàn)形成的根本原因的認(rèn)識(shí)。

知識(shí)依托：理化交叉。物理方面，產(chǎn)生一定的壓強(qiáng)差就能形成噴泉；化學(xué)方面，溶解與反應(yīng)可使氣體大量地減少。

錯(cuò)解分析：忽視NaOH(aq)可以吸收酸性氣體，而產(chǎn)生噴泉，對(duì)A不敢確定，并且漏選C。

解題思路：首先要明確在裝置中可以形成“噴泉”的原因。只要從滴管擠入的液體或溶液，能將燒瓶?jī)?nèi)的氣體大量溶解或與之反應(yīng)，使燒瓶?jī)?nèi)氣體大量地減少，造成燒瓶?jī)?nèi)處于低壓狀態(tài)，此時(shí)，打開止水夾，燒杯內(nèi)的液體或溶液將受大氣壓的影響迅速涌入燒瓶?jī)?nèi)，形成美麗的噴泉。

題中，HCl、CO₂、NH₃、SO₂、NO₂都能完全溶于NaOH(aq)：

NaOH＋HCl====NaCl＋H₂O      2NaOH＋CO₂====Na₂CO₃＋H₂O

NaOH＋CO₂====NaHCO₃                    2NaOH＋SO₂====Na₂SO₃＋H₂O

NaOH＋SO₂====NaHSO₃                     2NaOH＋2NO₂====NaNO₃＋NaNO₂＋H₂O

由此進(jìn)行組合，可知答案。

答案：AC

●錦囊妙計(jì)

1.形成噴泉的組合

(1)NH₃、HCl、SO₂、NO₂與水組合能形成噴泉。

(2)酸性氣體與NaOH(aq)組合能形成噴泉。

(3)有機(jī)氣體與有機(jī)溶劑組合也能形成噴泉。

(4)O₂、N₂、H₂等不溶于水的氣體，設(shè)計(jì)一定實(shí)驗(yàn)條件將其反應(yīng)掉，也能形成噴泉。

2.噴泉的計(jì)算

根據(jù)充入燒瓶中液體的體積可以計(jì)算燒瓶?jī)?nèi)所盛氣體的純度或平均式量。

3.噴泉的設(shè)計(jì)

關(guān)鍵是如何使燒瓶?jī)?nèi)的氣體大量地減少。

●殲滅難點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練

1.(★★★)在體積為1 L的干燥燒瓶中，用排空氣法充入HCl氣體后，測(cè)得燒瓶中氣體對(duì)氧氣的相對(duì)密度為1.082，以此氣體進(jìn)行噴泉實(shí)驗(yàn)，當(dāng)噴泉停止后，進(jìn)入燒瓶中的液體體積是

A.L                          B.L                          C.L                          D.全滿

2.(★★★★)如圖43―3，同溫同壓下，兩個(gè)等體積的干燥圓底燒瓶中分別充滿①NH₃、②NO₂，進(jìn)行噴泉實(shí)驗(yàn)。經(jīng)充分反應(yīng)后，瓶?jī)?nèi)溶液的物質(zhì)的量濃度為

A.①＞②                            B.①＜②                            C.①=②                       D.不能確定

圖42―3

3.(★★★★)噴泉是一種常見的自然現(xiàn)象，其產(chǎn)生原因是存在壓強(qiáng)差。

(1)圖42―4為化學(xué)教學(xué)中所用的噴泉實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置。在燒瓶中充滿干燥氣體，膠頭滴管及燒杯中分別盛有液體。下列組合中不可能形成噴泉的是

A.HCl和H₂O                                                 

BNO₂和H₂O

C.NH₃和H₂O                                                 

DNCO₂和NaOH(aq)

(2)某學(xué)生積極思考產(chǎn)生噴泉的其他辦法，并設(shè)計(jì)了如圖42―5所示的裝置。   圖42―4                                                           

①在圖42―5的錐形瓶中，分別加入足量的下列物質(zhì)，反應(yīng)后可能產(chǎn)生噴泉的是

A.Cu與稀鹽酸                                                B.NaHCO₃與NaOH(aq)

C.CaCO₃與稀硫酸                                           D.NH₄HCO₃與稀鹽酸

②在圖42―5錐形瓶外放一水槽，錐形瓶中加入酒精，水槽中加入冰水后，再加入足量的下列物質(zhì)，結(jié)果也產(chǎn)生了噴泉。水槽中加入的物質(zhì)可以是

A.濃硫酸                                                        B.食鹽   

C.硝酸鉀                                                        D.硫酸銅

這種方法產(chǎn)生噴泉的原理是____________。

③比較圖42―4和圖42―5兩套裝置，從產(chǎn)生噴泉的原理來分析，圖42―5是___________上部燒瓶?jī)?nèi)氣體壓強(qiáng)，圖42―5是___________下部錐形瓶?jī)?nèi)氣體壓強(qiáng)(均填“增大”或“減小”)。                         圖42―5      

(3)城市中常見的人造噴泉及火山爆發(fā)的原理與上述___________(填圖42―4或圖42―5)裝置的原理相似。

4.(★★★★★)制取氨氣并完成噴泉實(shí)驗(yàn)。

圖42―6                           圖42―7

(1)寫出實(shí)驗(yàn)室制取NH₃的化學(xué)方程式：                                   。

(2)收集NH₃應(yīng)使用________法，要得到干燥的NH₃可選用________做干燥劑。

(3)用圖42―6裝置進(jìn)行噴泉實(shí)驗(yàn)，上部燒瓶已裝滿干燥NH₃，引發(fā)水上噴的操作是________；該實(shí)驗(yàn)的原理是                                            。

(4)如果只提供如圖42―7的裝置，請(qǐng)說明引發(fā)噴泉的方法                          。

試題詳情

杭十四中二??八學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期中考試

高二年級(jí)語(yǔ)文學(xué)科試卷

試題詳情

杭十四中二??八學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期中考試

高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科試卷

I.聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分10分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題，每題1分，滿分5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)問題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1. What do we know about the woman?

A. She is very fond of gardening.

B. She prefers to play in the garden

C. She is not satisfied with her garden.

2. When does the conversation take place?

A. At 5:45                     B. At 5:30                     C. At 5:15

3. What is the weather usually like in May?

A. It’s colder and rainier.         B. It’s cooler and drier.                C. It’s hotter and sunnier.

4. What language is mostly used in the man’s classes?

    A. The English language.         B. The students’ language.        C. Both languages in turn.

5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

    A. The nation’s progress.         B. Personal and local matters     C. Americans’ way of thinking.

第二節(jié)（共5小題，每題1分，滿分5分）

聽下面2段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。

6. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?

A. The use of a machine.          B. The trouble of a machine.      C. The directions for a machine.

7. What can we learn from the conversation?

A. Something is wrong with the machine.             

B. The man can’t operate the machine properly.

    C. The woman will help the man with the machine.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8. When did this university start?

    A. In the 17^th century.            B. In the 18^th century.            C. In the 19^th century.

9. What once caused the university to close?

    A. The Civil War.                B. Some women and groups       C. The small number of students

10. What do we know about the university?

A. It was the largest in the States then.                  

B. It only enrolls women and small groups.

    C. It will give education to more kinds of people.

Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)選擇(共20小題，每題0.5分，滿分10分）

11.The Taylors decided that they would employ ______ cleaner to do ______ housework.

A. a; a                         B. a; the                      C. the; a                          D. 不填; the

12.The book is of great value. _______ can be enjoyed unless you digest it．

A. Nothing         B. Something        C. Everything               D. Anything

13.The young man we’ve just talked to is a traveler ______ parents visited us last year.

A. that             B. whose               C. whom                 D. which

14.Being able to speak another language fluently is a great ______ when you’re looking for a job.

A. chance         B. success                 C. effort                 D. advantage

15.The ground has been cleared and houses ______ for those homeless people now.

A. build                       B. have built                C. are built                    D. are being built

16.Only when the war was over ________to his hometown.

A. did the young soldier return             B. the young soldier returned

C. returned the young soldier              D. the young soldier did return

17.He was busy yesterday, otherwise he ______ to the meeting.

A. would come     B. would have been             C. could have been             D. would be

18.The nurse found a little boy in the corner of the room, ______ and crying.

A. frightened                B. frightening                 C. being frightened             D. having frightened

19.Alice’s father always brings her a nice gift _____ he returns home from his business trip.

A. by the time          B. at the time         C. every time               D. in the time

20.My cousin left for London ten years ago, and I ______ her ever since.

A. wouldn’t see            B. hadn’t seen                C. haven’t seen                D. didn’t see

21._____ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.

    A. What is required       B. What requires      C. It is required                   D. As is required

22.You should make it a rule to leave things ________you can find them again.

A. when                 B. where                 C. then                  D. there

23.―I had a really good weekend at my uncle’s

― _______.

A. Oh, that’s very nice of you  B. Congratulations  C. It’s a pleasure    D. Oh, I’m glad to hear that

24.With the world population ______ to increase, our demand for energy is also growing.

A. to continue              B. continue                     C. continuing                  D. continued

25.―Where is my reference book? It was here a moment ago?

―Someone _____ it by mistake.

A. must have taken            B. must take     C. should have taken        D.could have taken

26.A _____ of $ 2, 000 will be paid to whoever brings back the lost jewellery to its owner.

    A. appreciation             B. sympathy       C. reward            D. guarantee

27.The speaker talked about sports in general and about football _______.

    A. in particular           B. in addition            C. in all             D. in store

28.What we need is a better transport system, ______, more buses and trains and fewer cars.

A. as a result                      B. in other words             C. as a matter of fact       D. by the way

29.I hope the week long holiday will be ______ to your health.

    A. steady                  B. potential                  C. beneficial             D. ambitious

30.When I was looking through my family’s old photos the other day, I ______ a photo of my parents’ wedding.

A. came about B. came after  C. came to      D. came across

Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題，每題1分，滿分20分）

Bette Nesmith Graham was a single mother who lived in Texas. She was an artist, but found it   31   to support herself and her son. So in 1951, at the age of 17, she learned shorthand and typing, and got a job as a   32  .

At that time, typewriters used a carbon film ribbon(打字機(jī)色帶)，and it was hard to correct typing   33   on the paper. Graham found a   34   way. She decided that she would do what painters did to   35   their mistakes ― paint over them. She took her water-based paint to work,   36   a brush. She always made sure the paint matched the   37   of paper she was typing on.

Her boss never   38   the mistakes. When another secretary asked for some of her   39   correcting liquid, Graham found a bottle at home, wrote "Mistake Out" on a label, and gave it to her.   40   all the other secretaries in the building wanted some, too.

By 1956, Graham’s invention became so   41   that she turned her kitchen into a laboratory and made bottles of “Mistake Out” using her electric mixer. When   42   grew, Graham changed the name of “Mistake Out” to “Liquid Paper” and   43   a patent and trademark

By 1975, the company Liquid Paper   44   200 people, and was quite successful. Graham   45   the company four years later to Gillette for   46   $ 50 million.

In the late 1970s, Bette Graham   47   the Bette Clair McMurray Foundation to help women. She described herself   48   a “someone who wants freedom for   49   and everybody else.” She died on May 12, 1980, and left a huge   50   to be divided between her son and the foundation.

31.A. tough                         B. simple              C. possible                      D. easy

32.A. manager                      B. writer                     C. secretary                 D. painter

33.A. signs                  B. letters               C. mistakes           D. words

34.A. cleaner                B. better               C. wider              D. smoother

35.A. cross out                B. get out            C. throw away        D. cover up

36.A. instead of              B. because of          C. along with         D. away with

37.A. size                   B. color                C. pattern            D. quality

38.A. noticed                B. remembered        C. made               D. presented

39.A. special                 B. clever             C. direct                  D. famous

40.A. Late                   B. Soon              C. Lately              D. Nowadays

41.A. suitable               B. popular           C. bright              D. effective

42.A. number               B. damage          C. complaint          D. demand

43.A. applied for             B. stand for          C. look for                 D. pay for

44.A. served                 B. interviewed       C. fired                D. employed

45.A. enlarge                B. change            C. sold                    D. devoted

46.A. merely                B. nearly                C. hardly             D. wholly

47.A. took over             B. put off            C. turned down       D. set up

48.A. as                    B. into                 C. like                 D. of

49.A. oneself               B. ourselves             C. herself               D. yourselves

50.A. fortune               B. position              C. company         D. quantity

Ⅳ.閱讀理解(共20小題，每題2分，滿分40分）

A

Students who say they never or hardly ever used dictionaries may speak English well but usually write poorly, because they make many mistakes.

    The students who use dictionaries most do not learn especially well either. The ones who look up every new word do not read fast. Therefore they do not have time to read much. Those who use small two-language dictionaries have the worst problems. Their dictionaries often give only one or two words as translations of English. But one English word often has many translations in a foreign language and one foreign word has many translations in English.

    The most successful students are those who use large college edition dictionaries with about 100,000 words but do not use them too often. When they are reading, these students first try to get the general idea and understand new words from the context. Then they reread and use the dictionary to look up only key words that they still do not understand. They use dictionaries more for writing. If they are not sure how to spell a word, they always use a dictionary. Also, if they think a noun might have an unusual plural form, they check this in a dictionary.

51.According to the passage, which of the following is WRONG?

   A. Dictionaries have little effect on learning to speak English.

   B. Whatever new words you meet while reading, never use dictionaries.

   C. Small two-language dictionaries have serious shortcomings.

   D. Reading something for the first time, you’d better not use dictionaries.

52.This passage mainly tells us        .

   A. that students shouldn’t use small two-language dictionaries

   B. what were the shortcomings of small two-language dictionaries

   C. why students should use large college edition dictionaries

   D. what dictionary students should choose and how to use it

53.Which is NOT mentioned in this passage?

   A. How to make good use of a dictionary.  B. When to use a dictionary.

   C. How to improve spoken English.                  D. How to practice reading fast.

B

When she looked ahead, Florence Chadwick saw nothing but a solid wall of fog. Her body was numb(全身麻木). She had been swimming for nearly sixteen hours. Already she was the first woman to swim the English Channel in both directions. Now, at age 34, her goal was to become the first woman to swim from Catalina Island to the California coast.

On that fourth of July morning in 1952, the sea was like an ice bath and the fog was so dense she could hardly see her support boats. Sharks cruised toward her lone figure, only to be driven away by rifle shots. Against the cold sea, she struggled on ---- hour after hour ---- while millions watched on national television.

Alongside Florence in one of the boats, her mother and her trainer offered encouragement. They told her it wasn't much farther. But all she could see was fog. They urged her not to quit. She never had … until then. With only a half mile to go, she asked to be pulled out.

She told a reporter hours later, "Look, I'm not excusing myself, but if I could have seen land I might have made it." It was not tiredness or even the cold water that defeated her. It was the fog. She was unable to see her goal.

Two months later, she tried again. This time, despite the same dense fog, she swam with her goal clearly pictured in her mind. She knew that somewhere behind that fog was land and this time she made it! Florence Chadwick became the first woman to swim the Catalina Channel, eclipsing(超出) the men's record by two hours!

54.Florence Chadwick was the first woman to swim across ________.

A. the English Channel                                               B. the Catalina Channel  

C. the California coast                                                 D. Catalina Island

55.Florence failed on her first trial mainly because of _______.

    A. the sharks                   B. the tiredness             C. the cold water       D. the bad weather

56.The underlined word “then” in this passage refers to the period when _______.

A. she had swum nearly sixteen hours               B. sharks swam toward her

C. she couldn’t see her support boats                D. millions of people watched her on TV

57.We can infer from the passage that it was ______ that resulted in her success.

A. her family’s encouragement    B. her iron will    C. her swimming skills   D. the good weather

C

The Museum of Childhood is spread over 4 floors, with the first floor acting like a balcony around the edge of the building, so you can look down over the ground floor central hall with the shop, Information Desk and Benugo Café.

The museum of Childhood is housed in a large Victorian building in east London. It has been on this site since 1872. It has undergone refurbishment (翻新) and reopened in 2006 and an elevator now makes all floors accessible.

This is not a quiet place and children are allowed to have fun here. Child safety is extremely important and a member of staff remains by the front door at all times. Also, note the “Code of Behavior” notice, which includes: children under 12 must be supervised by an adult; no eating in the galleries and no running.

Toy exhibits are in glass cases and there are plenty of low-level exhibits for younger children to see. The glass cases have lots of thought-inspiring questions on them to encourage discussion between adults and children. When you or the children need some quiet time, there are sofas at either end of the second floor with reading books available.

Pros: Many free activities for kids

Cons: Can be too warm inside

Visit Duration: 1.5 hours

Opening Hours: 10:00 a.m. ? 5:45 p.m.  Last admission is 5:30 p.m.

The Museum is closed on 25 and 26 December and 1 January every year.

Admission: Admission the Museum is free. There is a small charge for some activities.

58.In the Museum of Childhood, _______.

A. people can reach any floor by elevator         B. there are sofas at either end of the first floor

       C. there are exhibits on the museum history      D. the Information Desk can be found on each floor

59.The Museum of Childhood may be attractive to _______.

       A. parents who only have children under 12      B. children who are fond of toy exhibits

       C. parents and children who need quiet time      D. kids who like playing games with their parents

60.What is the disadvantage of the museum?

       A. Low-level exhibits are too boring.              B. Children may feel slightly hot in it.

       C. Parents have to stay with their kids.             D. No staff members attend to the kids.

61.What information can we get about the museum?

      A. All the activities for children are free.          B. The museum is located in west London.

       C. Children are allowed to enter after 5:30.       D. The museum is unavailable on Christmas Day.

D

A quick look at the lengths of children’s index and ring fingers can be used to predict how well students will perform in education tests, new research claims.

Kids with longer ring fingers compared to index fingers are likely to have higher math scores than literacy or verbal scores in the entrance exam for primary school, while children with the reverse finger-length ratio are likely to have higher reading and writing, or verbal, scores versus(與......相對(duì)) math scores.

Scientists have known that different levels of the hormones testosterone(雄性激素)and estrogen (雌性激素) in the womb(子宮) account for the different finger lengths, which are a reflection of areas of the brain that are more highly developed than others, said psychologist Mark Brosnan of the University of Bath in Britain, who led the study.

Exposure to testosterone in the womb is said to promote development of areas of the brain often associated with spatial(空間的) and mathematical skills, he said. That hormone makes the ring finger longer. Estrogen exposure does the same for areas of the brain associated with verbal ability and tends to lengthen the index finger relative to the ring finger.

To test the link to children's scores on the Scholastic Assessment Test, Brosnan and his colleagues made photocopies of children's palms and measured the length of their index and ring fingers. They used the finger-length ratios as a proxy(參照指標(biāo)) for the levels of testosterone and estrogen exposure.

    The researchers then looked at boys' and girls' test performances separately and compared them to finger-length ratio measurements. They found a clear link between high prenatal testosterone exposure, indicated by the longer ring finger compared to the index finger, and higher scores on the math SAT.

Similarly, they found higher literacy SAT scores for the girls among those who had lower prenatal testosterone exposure, as indicated by a shorter ring finger compared with the index finger.

62.It’s likely that if a Chinese child with a longer index finger than his ring finger, he will probably get good marks in ______.

A. math                          B. physics                        C. chemistry                                D. Chinese 

63.The underlined word “reverse” in Paragraph Two probably means_______.

A. similar                       B. opposite                     C. indifferent                              D. strange

64.What can make your index finger longer than your ring finger according to the research?

A. Estrogen.                    B. Testosterone.               C. Vitamin.                                  D. Vegetables.   

65.Which of the following statements is NOT correct in the passage? 

A. A child with a longer index finger than his ring finger will fail in the math exam.

B. Girls with shorter ring fingers get higher literacy SAT scores.

C. Kids with longer ring fingers are likely to have higher math scores.

D. The length of the finger has something to do with hormones.

第二節(jié): 任務(wù)型閱讀

Phyllis、Chris、Dora、Fred 和William 準(zhǔn)備去市圖書館查閱資料。第66 至夜70 題是他們各自的情況介紹。閱讀下面六本參考書的簡(jiǎn)介(A、B、C、D、E 和F)，選出符合各人需要的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。

_____ 66. Phyllis is a lecturer of English. Her recent research is mainly about the changes of the English language in the world. She is looking for a book that describes the varieties of English in different parts of the world, particularly in Africa and the Pacific.

_____ 67. Chris, a college student of biology, is preparing his term paper. While he is reading some research papers written in English, he comes across many new technical words. He wants to look up those words in a dictionary.

_____ 68. Dora plans to start her own business, but she needs to know more about how to run a business, such as how to choose qualified people, how to make a budget, and how to increase sales.

_____ 69. Fred is a senior student of English. For his term paper, he’ll write about the differences between British English and American English in spelling and usage. He is looking for a reference book.

_____ 70. William is a young researcher in the field of earth sciences. At present, he is writing a research paper on environmental protection for an English magazine. He wants to make sure his paper is written in the correct style.

A.  Successful Executive’s Handbook

This book is an important resource to support businessmen, giving them useful suggestions about business management. A special section provides a comprehensive list of the best books, seminars and websites designed specifically for CEOs. The Handbook will help you: create a clear business vision; plan for self-development; attract & develop talent for your company; develop a global perspective.

B.  Roget’s International Thesaurus

    This dictionary features thousands of new words and phrases, including the newest slang words and expressions that color and inform everyday language. It includes more than 330,000 words and phrases organized into 1,075 categories, thousands of cross-references as well as hundreds of quotations that further explain the meanings of selected words.

C.  A British-American American-British Dictionary

Easy to read，the dictionary explains clearly differences in vocabulary，usage, pronunciation, and spelling. It also explains the history of English language and how and why differences between American and British English arose. The most thorough book of its kind, it contains more than 2,500 entries of British and American English words.

D.  Simon and Schuster Handbook for Writers

This is a self-instruction book for academic, personal, business, and public audience writing. The book covers writing college-level essays, source-based arguments, and research paper; thinking and reading critically; using documentation style correctly; designing documents; writing for the Web; writing for business, writing about literature, etc.

E.  A Dictionary of the Roots and Combining Forms of Scientific Words

This dictionary is useful to students from many fields, particular1y those from medical and biological backgrounds. Within this book are over 12, 800 entries, plus some common terms for animals, plants and structures, activities and habitats; shapes, sizes, colors, textures, patterns, numbers , quantity, direction and location, etc.

F.  The Story of English

The book offers a wide-ranging account of the travels and changes of the English tongue from its beginnings to tomorrow, from England to America to Australia to Africa and India and the Pacific. In this book, the authors paint a colorful, vivid picture of the many faces and varieties of English. It is a readable book that all public libraries should have.

V.書面表達(dá)（滿分20分）

中學(xué)生相互交流的途徑很多。請(qǐng)你圍繞“Ways to share opinions with each other”這一話題，按照下列要點(diǎn)寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文：

1．相互交流的途徑：討論、打電話、使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)等

2．我的做法及理由：……

注意：詞數(shù) 100 ~ 120，文章的開頭已給出（不計(jì)詞數(shù)）。

There are various ways for us middle school students to share opinions with each other.

附加題�。�滿分20分）

VI.課文填空（共10小題，每題1分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)所學(xué)課文內(nèi)容及所給單詞的首字母，寫出各單詞正確的完全形式。

A

In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger p   71___ and become more independent. I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been w   72    it. If I had a chance to say one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not s   73   . So don’t feel sorry for the d   74    or make fun of them, and don’t ignore them either. Just accept them for who they are, and give them e   75    to live as rich and full a life as you do.

B

    I was a   76    as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory(HVO) twenty years ago. My job is collecting information for a database about Mount Kilauea, which is one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii. Having collected and e   77    the information, I help other s   78    to predict where lava from the volcano will flow nest and how fast. Our work has saved many lives because people in the p   79    of the lava can be warned to leave their houses. U   80   , we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground.

VII.短文改錯(cuò)

假如英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同學(xué)們交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的作文。文中共有十處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，要求你在錯(cuò)誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個(gè)詞。

增加：在缺詞處加上一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫上該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及修改均僅限一詞；

      2.只允許修改十處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Dear Mr. Donforth,

I’m writing to ask you come to our class for a visit. I’ve heard that you have been to Greece. In our Greece unit, we have been learning about it’s rich culture and long history. Since you have visited Greece several times, so I would like to know whether you have seen the old buildings here. We have learned a lot from the text book, but I believe you personal experience will be a lot of better. Your knowledges of Greece can help the whole class. Could you share you experiences for us? It will be surely exciting and rewarding. I hoped that you think about my request and visit us as soon as possibly.

高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科試卷評(píng)分細(xì)則

I.聽力(共10小題，每題1分，滿分10分）

1―5 ACBAC   6―10 ABBAC

II.單項(xiàng)選擇(共20小題，每題0.5分，滿分10分）

11―15 BABDD     16―20 ABACC     21―25 CBDCA     26―30 CABCD

III.完形填空(共20小題，每題1分，滿分20分）

31―35 ACCBD     36―40 CBAAB     41―45 BDADC     46―50 BDACA

IV.閱讀理解(共20小題，每題2分，滿分40分）

51―55 BDCBD     56―60 ABABB     61―65 DDBAA     66―70 FEACD

V.書面表達(dá)（滿分20分）

One possible student version:

There are various ways for us middle school students to share opinions with each other. One way is to hold discussions, where we can freely exchange our views. We can also make use of the phone and the Internet. Making phone calls is very convenient, yet sending messages is more popular among us. Sometimes, we can send each other emails, in which more information can be included and we can express our opinions more clearly.

Personally, I think talking face to face is the best way to share opinions. In this way, I can express myself more comfortably. Meanwhile, I can sense how others feel and learn what they think. With the help of body language, I can make myself better understood.

附加題

VI. 課文填空(共10小題，每題1分，滿分10分）

71. psychologically   72. worth        73. satisfying     74. disabled     75. encouragement

76. appointed        77. evaluated     78. scientists      79. path         80. Unfortunately

VII.短文改錯(cuò)((共10處錯(cuò)誤，每處1分，滿分10分）

Dear Mr. Donforth,

I’m writing to ask you  come to our class for a visit. I’ve heard that you have been to Greece. In our Greece

                      ∧to

unit, we have been learning about it’s rich culture and long history. Since you have visited Greece several times,

                            its

so I would like to know whether you have seen the old buildings here. We have learned a lot from the text book,

去掉so                                              there

but I believe you personal experience will be a lot of better. Your knowledges of Greece can help the whole class.

           your                      去掉of          knowledge

Could you share you experiences for us? It will be surely exciting and rewarding. I hoped that you think about my

                           with                                     hope

request and visit us as soon as possibly.

                         possible

聽力原文

Text 1

M: Gardening's too much like hard work for me. If I have time to spare, I like to play ten­nis or go for long country walks.

W: Well, I think of gardening as play, not as work. I'm never as happy as when I’m busy in the garden.

Text 2

W: When is our plane to take off?

M: At half past five.

W: Oh dear! That only leaves us 15 minutes to go through customs and check our baggage.

Text 3

W: What a hot day! Do you always have weather like this in May?

M: Generally it's much better than this. And I can't remember when we had such a rainy day.

Text 4

W: To teach those students English, do you have to speak their language quite well?

M: No. quite the contrary. They benefit most when the class is organized entirely in the foreign language.

Text 5

W: Americans tend to think from the particular and small to the general and large.

M: For example?

W: We've just seen an example of this in the fact that they progress from personal and local matters to the state and finally the nation ― not the other way around.

Text 6

M: This machine drives me mad.

W: How come?

M: Well, most of the time, it's fine. I rent a movie and I put it in and press ON. But the other day, I wanted to program it, like, to record a show. So, I read the directions. And I followed them exactly, you know, step by step, but then, nothing. It didn't record.

W: Is there anything wrong with the machine?

M: With the machine? No. There’s something wrong with me. I’m no good with, like, electronic equipment.

Text 10

M: Good morning, and I'd like to welcome all of you to the University of North Carolina. This is the oldest public university in the United States, and we are proud to say that we offer one of the best public education opportunities anywhere in the nation. The school started in 1792, and has been open ever since, with the exception of having been closed for two years in the 1860s because so many young men left to fight in the Civil War. Following the war, the university opened its doors again and has been open ever since. In this century, the student number has been increasing rapidly, including women and small groups. Now we are looking forward to a bright future where students from all backgrounds attend this university. Thank you.

試題詳情

杭十四中二??八學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期中考試

高二年級(jí)數(shù)學(xué)（文科）試卷

試題詳情

杭十四中二??八學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期中考試

高二年級(jí)政治學(xué)科試卷

試題詳情

杭十四中二??八學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期中考試

高二年級(jí)地理學(xué)科試卷

試卷Ⅰ

試題詳情

杭十四中二??八學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期中考試

高二年級(jí)歷史學(xué)科試卷

試卷Ⅰ（選擇題  共50分）

本卷共25小題，每小題2分，共50分。在每題給出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有一項(xiàng)是最符合題目要求的。

1．“20世紀(jì)初，帝國(guó)主義的殖民體系形成但又過時(shí)�！睂�(dǎo)致這種“過時(shí)”的最主要原因是：

A．資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展                        B．民族解放運(yùn)動(dòng)的興起

C．列強(qiáng)力量對(duì)比的變化                D．局部戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的不斷變化

2．瑞士著名的國(guó)際法學(xué)者瓦特爾在1758年發(fā)表的《國(guó)際法》中說：“均勢(shì)的核心意義是妥協(xié)安排國(guó)際事務(wù)，沒有一個(gè)國(guó)家能居于至高無(wú)上的主宰、支配他國(guó)的地位。”1907年，英國(guó)外交部在克勞備忘錄中談到：“英國(guó)的政策是維持均勢(shì)，把自己的力量加在這一邊或那一邊，但是總是加在一邊以抵制某一時(shí)期內(nèi)最強(qiáng)大的國(guó)家或集團(tuán)的政治霸權(quán)。這幾乎成為一個(gè)歷史上的真理�！庇�國(guó)“均勢(shì)”政策的表現(xiàn)不包括                            

A．參加反法同盟，                       B．巴黎和會(huì)上反對(duì)法國(guó)過分削弱德國(guó)

C．英法俄組成協(xié)約國(guó)                    D．與法國(guó)聯(lián)合，與美國(guó)爭(zhēng)奪國(guó)聯(lián)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)

3．1907年，歐洲各國(guó)在海牙召開了第二次和平大會(huì)，其主要任務(wù)是制定“盡可能人道”的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)行為準(zhǔn)則。從以后十年的歷史看，這樣的“準(zhǔn)則”所起的主要作用是（   ）

A．阻止戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的爆發(fā)                      B．承認(rèn)了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的合法性

C．阻止了不人道的武器的研發(fā)            D．有力地宣傳了人道主義

4．要了解歷史上的重大事件，一個(gè)直觀的方法 

是閱讀歷史地圖。從右邊這幅地圖中可以看

出，德國(guó)要想在未來的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中取勝，應(yīng)當(dāng)選

擇的戰(zhàn)略是

A．速戰(zhàn)速?zèng)Q，避免兩線作戰(zhàn)

B．突襲對(duì)手，兩面出擊

C．積極防御，打陣地戰(zhàn)

D．誘敵深入，打運(yùn)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)

5．右面是1921年西歐各國(guó)工業(yè)生產(chǎn)指數(shù)（以1913年為100) 。 圖中的數(shù)據(jù)主要說明 

A．一戰(zhàn)使西歐的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)嚴(yán)重下降   

B．德法實(shí)力與英國(guó)難以抗衡

C．英國(guó)仍然是世界第一工業(yè)大國(guó)     

     D．一戰(zhàn)對(duì)英國(guó)打擊很小

6．早在1887年，恩格斯就警告歐洲各國(guó)的統(tǒng)治者：如果你們開始跳一場(chǎng)最后的大戰(zhàn)舞，那么，在悲劇結(jié)束時(shí)你們必將垮臺(tái)。下列哪些國(guó)家的歷史可以佐證這一預(yù)言？

①德意志帝國(guó)   ②沙皇帝國(guó)    ③奧匈帝國(guó)   ④奧斯曼帝國(guó)

A．①②③        B．①③④        C．②③④       D．①②③④

7．1917年，中國(guó)北洋政府對(duì)德宣戰(zhàn)，并派出大批勞工到歐洲戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)服役。80多年后，時(shí)任法國(guó)總統(tǒng)的希拉克曾這樣評(píng)價(jià)說，“任何人都不會(huì)忘記這些遠(yuǎn)道而來的、在一場(chǎng)殘酷的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中與法國(guó)共命運(yùn)的勇士，他們以自己的靈魂和肉體捍衛(wèi)了法國(guó)的領(lǐng)土、理念和自由”。結(jié)合上述材料，對(duì)中國(guó)參戰(zhàn)的諸多評(píng)價(jià)中，你最贊成的是

A．對(duì)德宣戰(zhàn)導(dǎo)致不少中國(guó)勞工喪生        

B．對(duì)德宣戰(zhàn)是段祺瑞政府的錯(cuò)誤決策

C．對(duì)德宣戰(zhàn)客觀上提高了中國(guó)的國(guó)際地位  

D．對(duì)德宣戰(zhàn)不利于一戰(zhàn)的盡快結(jié)束

8．右圖是英軍在一戰(zhàn)中首次使用的新式武器，號(hào)

稱“陸戰(zhàn)之王”，請(qǐng)問這種新式武器采用當(dāng)時(shí)最

新的科技成果有①煤炭的廣泛使用  ②內(nèi)燃機(jī)的

發(fā)明與制造  ③煉鋼技術(shù)的突破  ④石油的廣泛

運(yùn)用 ⑤蒸汽機(jī)的改進(jìn)與運(yùn)用  ⑥煉鐵技術(shù)的進(jìn)步

A．①②③       B．①③⑥        C．②③④      D．②④⑥

9．“行萬(wàn)里路”，進(jìn)行實(shí)地考察是歷史研究的重要方法之一。假如你要研究國(guó)際聯(lián)盟的歷史，你首選的考察地點(diǎn)應(yīng)當(dāng)是

A．泰姬陵             B．凡爾賽宮          C．日內(nèi)瓦萬(wàn)國(guó)宮          D．雅典娜神廟

10．華盛頓會(huì)議后，美國(guó)朝野上下一片歡騰，美國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人喜形于色，這是因?yàn)棰佟端膰?guó)條約》埋葬了英日同盟，消除了美國(guó)在亞太地區(qū)爭(zhēng)霸的一個(gè)障礙②《五國(guó)海軍條約》使美國(guó)海軍得以與英國(guó)海軍并駕齊驅(qū)③華盛頓會(huì)議剝奪了日本在大戰(zhàn)期間奪得的德國(guó)的殖民地④通過《九國(guó)公約》，美國(guó)可以憑借其強(qiáng)大的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力在爭(zhēng)奪中國(guó)的過程中占得先機(jī)

A．①②③      B．②③④        C． ①②④          D．①③④

11．1918年，德國(guó)歷史學(xué)家斯賓格勒在目睹當(dāng)時(shí)的狀況后，出版了《西方的沒落》這本名著。就當(dāng)時(shí)的歷史而言，這個(gè)“西方”是指

A．美洲        B．歐洲          C．德國(guó)             D．英國(guó)

12．“在當(dāng)代革命中，東方各民族為了不再僅僅充當(dāng)別國(guó)發(fā)財(cái)?shù)膶?duì)象而決定世界命運(yùn)的時(shí)期到來了�！辈牧戏从沉恕耙粦�(zhàn)”帶來的影響是                             

A．歐洲出現(xiàn)無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命運(yùn)動(dòng)           B．出現(xiàn)了民族解放運(yùn)動(dòng)的新高潮

C．建立了新的國(guó)際體系                 D．俄國(guó)爆發(fā)了十月社會(huì)主義革命

13．自1922年起，英國(guó)和法國(guó)便處于“有禮貌的破裂”階段。造成這種狀況的重要原因之一是

A．英國(guó)對(duì)德國(guó)實(shí)行綏靖政策             B．法國(guó)與美國(guó)結(jié)盟

C．法國(guó)單獨(dú)占領(lǐng)德國(guó)的魯爾地區(qū)         D．英國(guó)不同意過分削弱德國(guó)

14．觀察下邊這張關(guān)于華盛頓會(huì)議的漫畫，根據(jù)所學(xué)知識(shí)判斷，被綁的人是

A．美國(guó)人   B．日本人  C．德國(guó)人   D．中國(guó)人

15．日本關(guān)東軍司令本莊繁在給陸相南坎次郎的信中說：“乘此世界金融凋落，露國(guó)五年計(jì)劃未完成，支那統(tǒng)一未達(dá)成以前之機(jī)，確實(shí)占領(lǐng)我經(jīng)營(yíng)30年之滿蒙�！痹撔艖�(yīng)寫于

       A．1928年12月28日之前                           B．1931年9月18日之前

     C． 1936年12月12日之前                          D．1937年7月7日之前

16．德國(guó)法西斯頭目戈培爾在日記中寫道：“1939年初，元首有個(gè)更大的計(jì)劃。這個(gè)計(jì)劃的

實(shí)施，是慕尼黑協(xié)定的擴(kuò)大，將使帝國(guó)處于更加有利的地位�！薄斑@個(gè)計(jì)劃”是指

A．吞并奧地利                         B．割占蘇臺(tái)德區(qū)  

C．吞并捷克斯洛伐克                   D．進(jìn)攻埃及

17．丘吉爾曾這樣評(píng)價(jià)二戰(zhàn)中的一次著名戰(zhàn)役：“我們不要把這些援救說成是勝利，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)不是靠撤退而贏得的。但是，在這些援救中卻孕育著勝利�！蹦阏J(rèn)為這次戰(zhàn)役應(yīng)是 

      A．不列顛空戰(zhàn)      B．敦刻爾克戰(zhàn)役     C．中途島海戰(zhàn)      D．斯大林格勒戰(zhàn)役

我們需要護(hù)士！ 更多的護(hù)士！            先生們，把這些傳統(tǒng)的活留給我們吧！

18．上面兩幅圖片均是美國(guó)二戰(zhàn)中的宣傳畫，從中我們可以得出哪些結(jié)論   

①戰(zhàn)時(shí)，婦女大量加入生產(chǎn)，為前線做了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)

②戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的血色殘酷里，白衣天使們是生命的希望

③隨著婦女活動(dòng)范圍的擴(kuò)大，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)客觀上提高了婦女的社會(huì)地位

④美國(guó)為了謀求世界霸權(quán)，不惜犧牲婦女的利益

A．①②④          B．①③④         C．①②③               D．②③④

19．1941年蘇德戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)前，有人問丘吉爾對(duì)蘇德戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)持什么態(tài)度，他說：“如果希特勒入侵地獄，我至少要發(fā)表一篇同情魔王的聲明�！边@說明丘吉爾的外交準(zhǔn)則是

A．根據(jù)英國(guó)利益調(diào)整外交政策                      B. 放棄綏靖政策      

C．仇視社會(huì)主義蘇聯(lián)                                  D．對(duì)德國(guó)入侵蘇聯(lián)表示同情

20．1942年元旦，26國(guó)代表在華盛頓簽署《聯(lián)合國(guó)家宣言》。在宣言簽字前，確定了美、英、蘇、中在前，其他國(guó)家按字母順序排列的原則。這一原則意味著

A．承認(rèn)四大國(guó)在反法西斯聯(lián)盟中的特殊作用

B．這個(gè)聯(lián)盟實(shí)際上被四大國(guó)所控制

C．四大國(guó)在所有問題上均達(dá)成了共識(shí)

D．世界反法西斯聯(lián)盟正式形成

21．有學(xué)者認(rèn)為，“第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的目的在于重新分配歐洲的權(quán)力，而1939-1945年的大戰(zhàn)卻是意識(shí)形態(tài)之戰(zhàn)”。這里的“意識(shí)形態(tài)之戰(zhàn)”是指

A．獨(dú)裁與民主   B．封建主義與資本主義 C．資本主義與共產(chǎn)主義 D．民族主義和世界主義

22．下列名詞承載著慘酷的歷史意蘊(yùn)，是法西斯勢(shì)力所犯下的反人類罪的黑色象征

① “奧斯威辛集中營(yíng)” ② “南京大屠殺” ③ “731細(xì)菌部隊(duì)” ④“格爾尼卡大屠殺”  其中屬于 “日本制造”的有

A．①②③          B．②③④          C．①④             D．②③

23．“三國(guó)之宗旨……在使日本所竊取于中國(guó)之領(lǐng)土，如滿洲、臺(tái)灣、澎湖列島等，歸還中華民國(guó)”，《開羅宣言》這一聲明的重要意義在于

A．確認(rèn)中國(guó)與美、英并列的世界大國(guó)地位   B．肯定中國(guó)對(duì)反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的巨大貢獻(xiàn)

C．確認(rèn)中國(guó)收復(fù)領(lǐng)土的神圣權(quán)利           D．明確日本必須無(wú)條件投降

24．右圖中的三位人物均對(duì)20世紀(jì)的人類歷史進(jìn)程特別是對(duì)第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的進(jìn)程產(chǎn)生過重要影響。這一回，他們聚在一起的主要任務(wù)是

A．商談對(duì)德處理政策，安排戰(zhàn)后世界事宜

B．商談組建世界反法西斯聯(lián)盟

C．商談對(duì)德作戰(zhàn)、圍攻柏林的方案

D．商談對(duì)日作戰(zhàn)，敦促日本無(wú)條件投降

25．第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)地――波蘭維斯特普拉特半島上有一條巨幅標(biāo)語(yǔ)：“永遠(yuǎn)不要戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)為人類提供的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與教訓(xùn)有

①法西斯主義就是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，必須警惕其死灰復(fù)燃  ②國(guó)際統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線是打擊共同敵人的有力武器 

③不能出賣、犧牲其他國(guó)家的獨(dú)立、領(lǐng)土和主權(quán)來保護(hù)自己的利益

④世界和平是不可分割的、愛好和平的各國(guó)政府和人民應(yīng)同心協(xié)力、共同維護(hù)和平

A．①③        B．②③④       C．①②③④        D．①②④

試卷Ⅱ   非選擇題

本卷有4小題，共50分。第26題15分，第27題10分,第28題15分，第29題10分。

26．（15分）觀察并閱讀下列各段材料

材料一

圖一　1898年 中德《膠澳租借條約》

材料二

    圖二1914年8月  日軍進(jìn)入中國(guó)山東       圖三   袁世凱接受《二十一條》

材料三  中國(guó)代表顧維均在巴黎和會(huì)上指出，山東自古以來就是中國(guó)領(lǐng)土，德國(guó)在山東的一切權(quán)利應(yīng)直接歸還中國(guó)；至于二十一條，1918年中日關(guān)于山東問題的換文，以及英法等國(guó)與日本之間關(guān)于山東的協(xié)約，均應(yīng)歐戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)所致，此次和會(huì)應(yīng)予以變更。中國(guó)代表團(tuán)另提交了取消二十一條，直接收回山東權(quán)利的書面照會(huì)。

 日本代表宣稱：膠州灣自日本占領(lǐng)后，事實(shí)上已為日本領(lǐng)屬，而且中日對(duì)于膠州灣租借地和鐵路問題已有成約；如果山東問題不能圓滿解決，日本將不在和約上簽字。美國(guó)代表提出：中日先于1915年就山東問題訂約換文，1918年又有續(xù)約，且英法同日本也有協(xié)約承認(rèn)日本在山東的權(quán)利，和會(huì)須維持各項(xiàng)條約的神圣性。英國(guó)代表則提出山東問題兩項(xiàng)解決辦法：或按照中日協(xié)定條件，或使日本繼承德國(guó)權(quán)利。   

――據(jù)王蕓生《六十年來中國(guó)與日本》

 材料四（1919年）6月24日以后，北京外交部接連電告代表團(tuán)：國(guó)內(nèi)局勢(shì)緊張，人民要求拒簽，政府壓力極大，簽字一事請(qǐng)陸總長(zhǎng)（注：外交總長(zhǎng)陸宗祥，中國(guó)代表團(tuán)團(tuán)長(zhǎng)）自行決定�！�…當(dāng)時(shí)國(guó)內(nèi)公眾團(tuán)體以及某些省份的省長(zhǎng)們甚為焦急，紛紛致電代表團(tuán)，堅(jiān)請(qǐng)拒簽。                                        

                                                  ――摘自《顧維鈞》回憶錄第一分冊(cè)

 材料五 因感覺大會(huì)對(duì)山東問題解決方法不公道，中國(guó)代表團(tuán)曾于1919年5月4日對(duì)最高會(huì)議提出正式抗議，并于5月6日聲請(qǐng)保留……媾和會(huì)議，對(duì)于解決山東問題，已不予中國(guó)以公道，中國(guó)非犧牲其正義公道愛國(guó)之義務(wù)，不能簽字。               

――摘自1919年6月28日《中國(guó)代表團(tuán)宣言》

回答：

（１）根據(jù)材料一并結(jié)合所學(xué)知識(shí)，概述十九世紀(jì)末山東是怎樣變成德國(guó)“勢(shì)力范圍”的？（3分）

（２）根據(jù)材料二并結(jié)合所學(xué)知識(shí)，第一次世界大戰(zhàn)期間情況發(fā)生了什么變化？（2分）

試題詳情

江西省撫州一中2009屆高三下學(xué)期第八次同步測(cè)試

文 綜 試 卷

命題人：蘇瑛瑛 楊高義 龔衛(wèi)國(guó)   審題人：劉青萍  何明榮  祝新梨   組卷：黃真平

考試日期：2009-2-28

本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分；滿分300分；考試時(shí)間150分鐘。     

第Ⅰ卷（選擇題140分）

試題詳情

河北區(qū)2008―2009學(xué)年度高三年級(jí)總復(fù)習(xí)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)二

數(shù)    學(xué)(理工農(nóng)醫(yī)類)

本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分，共150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。

第Ⅰ卷 (選擇題  共50分)

試題詳情

四川省成都十八中2008-2009學(xué)年高三模擬考試試題

文科綜合

考試時(shí)間：150分鐘   分?jǐn)?shù)：300分  命題人：黃映斌 徐腙利 蒲曉芳

讀下列模式圖。回答1―2題。

1．若上圖表示某一事物(現(xiàn)象)的時(shí)間變化過程。下列說法正確的是

A．鋒面：冷鋒準(zhǔn)靜止鋒暖鋒

B．城市化：郊區(qū)城市化再城市化逆城市化

C．人口增長(zhǎng)：原始型傳統(tǒng)型現(xiàn)代型

D．人地關(guān)系：崇拜自然協(xié)調(diào)自然改造自然

2．若上圖表示某一事物(現(xiàn)象)的空間變化過程，下列說法正確的是

A．產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移環(huán)渤海地區(qū)韓國(guó)

B．鋒面雨帶：南嶺江淮地區(qū)黃淮海平原’

C．臺(tái)風(fēng)過境：廈門南昌�？�

D．鋼鐵廠區(qū)位：煤礦鐵礦港口

   讀“巖石風(fēng)化與氣候關(guān)系示意圖”，回答3―5題。

3．對(duì)圖示信息的判斷，正確的是

A．巖石的風(fēng)化深度與年均溫呈負(fù)相關(guān)   B．巖石的風(fēng)化深度與年降水量呈正相關(guān)

C．巖石的風(fēng)化深度與年均溫呈正相關(guān)

D．巖石的風(fēng)化深度與基巖的埋藏深度呈正相關(guān)

4．若甲、乙、丙、丁四地的年均溫和年降水量分別為(3℃，800mm)、  (7℃，5mm)、(15℃，900mm)、(23℃，2900mm)，則巖石風(fēng)化深度大致相同的是

A．甲和丙     B．乙和丙    C．甲和丁    D．乙和丁

5．關(guān)于M、N兩地?cái)⑹稣�確的是

A．M地水土流失嚴(yán)重    B．N地土壤肥沃

C．M地氣溫日較差大    D．N地土地次生鹽堿化嚴(yán)重

讀某類工業(yè)“收益性空間界限的區(qū)位模型”圖，回答6-7題。

6．該工業(yè)布局的最佳區(qū)位是

A．a(chǎn)b    B．bc    C．cd    D．ef

7. 為了吸引投資者投資，當(dāng)?shù)卣�府出臺(tái)了相關(guān)補(bǔ)貼政策，下列說法正確的是

A．a(chǎn)點(diǎn)與6點(diǎn)問的距離將增加   B．企業(yè)利潤(rùn)增多，但分布范圍減小

C．平均費(fèi)用的最低值會(huì)升高    D．圖中b與e點(diǎn)間的距離會(huì)增加

右圖為亞歐大陸東部某季節(jié)大氣運(yùn)動(dòng)圖，讀圖回答8～9題。

8．圖示季節(jié)長(zhǎng)江中下游地區(qū)的天氣狀況可能是

  A．陰雨連綿的梅雨天氣學(xué)B．炎熱干燥的伏旱天氣學(xué)

  c．受熱帶氣旋的影響D．受強(qiáng)冷空氣的影響

9．當(dāng)P天氣系統(tǒng)最強(qiáng)盛時(shí)，印度半島

  A．德干高原一年中涼爽的時(shí)候

  B．農(nóng)田干枯，土地龜裂

  C．乞拉朋齊降水最多的時(shí)候

  D．西南季風(fēng)來得早，造成嚴(yán)重洪澇災(zāi)害

下圖是我國(guó)某地區(qū)年降水量分布圖，讀圖，回答10---11題。

10. 上述著名農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)，其發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)的限制性因素是（    ）

A．熱量           B．光照          C．水分             D．地形

11. 近年來，圖中乙區(qū)域荒漠化發(fā)展迅速，荒漠化土地呈點(diǎn)狀、線狀分布，其形成的最主要原因是（    ）

A．過度放牧                      B．過度樵采和過度開墾

C．水資源利用不當(dāng)                D．工礦開發(fā)、居民點(diǎn)和道路建設(shè)

12、下列有關(guān)麥哲倫環(huán)球航行的表述，不正確的是（       ）

    ① 麥哲倫順著哥倫布開辟的新航路首先到達(dá)西印度群島，然后沿南美洲東岸南行

② 首先發(fā)現(xiàn)火地島和麥哲倫海峽，進(jìn)入茫茫太平洋

③ 船隊(duì)經(jīng)馬六甲海峽進(jìn)入印度洋   

④ 爾后繞過非洲南端的好望角，回到西班牙，麥哲倫受到了西班牙王室的盛情款待

A ①②③④        B ①②③        C ①③④         D ①②④

13、下列四組啟蒙思想家中，他們的思想明顯帶有繼承和發(fā)展的是（       ）

    ① 霍布斯――洛克              ② 洛克――孟德斯鳩

③ 洛克――伏爾泰              ④ 霍布斯――盧梭

A ①②③④       B ①②③       C ①②④         D ②③④

14、 北美獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與拉美獨(dú)立運(yùn)動(dòng)的不同點(diǎn)是（        ）

①革命前經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況  ② 革命中領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力量   ③ 革命中斗爭(zhēng)方式 ④ 革命后的結(jié)果

A ①②④        B ①②③        C ②③④         D ①③④

15、美國(guó)1787年憲法和法國(guó)1791年憲法是重要的西方政治文獻(xiàn)，關(guān)于二者的表述不正確的是（       ）

    A 制定的理論基礎(chǔ)都是啟蒙思想      B 都沒有賦予公民充分的選舉權(quán)利

C 都規(guī)定了資產(chǎn)階級(jí)共和政體        D 都是資產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命的法律成果

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