2009年安慶市高三模擬考試（二模）
理科綜合能力測試
第Ⅰ卷 選擇題
1．下列各組物質(zhì)在人體中發(fā)揮作用后就很快被滅活或降解的是
A．唾液淀粉酶、解旋酶 B．甲狀腺激素、神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)
C．抗體、載體 D．tRNA、mRNA
2．細(xì)胞增殖過程中DNA含量會發(fā)生變化。通過測定一定數(shù)量細(xì)胞的DNA含量，可作為分析細(xì)胞周期的依據(jù)。根據(jù)細(xì)胞DNA含量不同，將某二倍體植物連續(xù)增殖的細(xì)胞分為三組，每組的細(xì)胞數(shù)如右圖。從圖中所示信息分析其細(xì)胞周期，不正確的是
A．甲、乙、丙組細(xì)胞中均有間期細(xì)胞
B．用適宜濃度的秋水仙素處理一段時間后，丙組細(xì)胞數(shù)目將增加
C．丙組細(xì)胞的染色體數(shù)目是正常體細(xì)胞的兩倍
D．用DNA合成抑制劑處理后會導(dǎo)致甲組細(xì)胞數(shù)增加
3．下列各組實驗中，其檢測方法和結(jié)果的組合正確的一組是
實驗名稱
檢測方法（或試劑）
結(jié)果
①
探究酵母菌的無氧呼吸
溴麝香草酚藍(lán)水溶液
變黃色
②
觀察DNA和RNA在細(xì)胞中的分布
吡羅紅和健那綠
紅色和綠色
③
低溫誘導(dǎo)染色體加倍
顯微鏡觀察
尋找染色體數(shù)目發(fā)生變化的細(xì)胞
④
探究培養(yǎng)液中酵母菌數(shù)量的動態(tài)變化
樣方法
觀察記錄數(shù)值，制成坐標(biāo)曲線
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
4．某昆蟲種群產(chǎn)生了一次基因突變，使原淺體色群體中出現(xiàn)了少數(shù)深體色的個體，其基因頻率變化如圖。以下敘述錯誤的是
A．大約在第10代發(fā)生了基因突變，產(chǎn)生了新的A基因，隨后A的等位基因在自然選擇中被逐漸淘汰
B．在自然選擇的作用下，種群的基因頻率會發(fā)生定向改變，導(dǎo)致生物朝一定方向不斷進(jìn)化
C．第24代時該種群的基因型頻率為：AA10%，Aa20%，aa70%，則下一代種群中a基因頻率小于80%
D．環(huán)境變黑有利于深色個體生存，生物與環(huán)境共同進(jìn)化，該種群基因庫中A的基因頻率逐漸上升，新物種即將產(chǎn)生
5．下列圖中甲是突觸結(jié)構(gòu)，乙是反射弧模式圖，有關(guān)說法不正確的是
A．甲圖中3的形成與高爾基體有關(guān)，3的內(nèi)容物釋放至5中主要借助生物膜的選擇透過性
B．甲圖中神經(jīng)沖動從A傳至B，要發(fā)生“電信號→化學(xué)信號→電信號”的轉(zhuǎn)變
C．若切斷乙圖中的c點，則刺激a點后d點會興奮，e點不會興奮
D．甲圖所示的結(jié)構(gòu)實際上在乙圖示中有很多
6．某患者血液中甲抗體的濃度隨時間變化的曲線如圖所示，下列敘述正確的是
A．病人在第b天時甲抗體濃度高，說明該病人此時比第a天時病情嚴(yán)重
B．該抗原再次入侵時，機(jī)體產(chǎn)生的相應(yīng)甲抗體快而且多，可在較短時間內(nèi)消滅抗原，機(jī)體一般不會患病
C．其它的漿細(xì)胞不能合成甲抗體，控制甲抗體合成的基因是該類漿細(xì)胞所特有的
D．b處的漿細(xì)胞是由B細(xì)胞受抗原刺激后增殖分化而形成的
7．做完實驗后采用下列方法清洗儀器，操作正確的是
① 用濃氨水清洗做過銀鏡反應(yīng)后的試管
② 用酒精清洗做過碘升華的燒杯
③ 用濃鹽酸清洗做過高錳酸鉀分解實驗的試管
④用鹽酸清洗長期存放三氯化鐵溶液的試劑瓶
⑤ 用氫氧化鈉溶浪清洗盛過苯酚的試管
A、除①外都對 B、除⑤外都對 C、④⑤不對 D、全都正確
8 ．設(shè)NA表示阿伏加德羅常數(shù)，下列說法正確的是
A、1molCl2與足量Fe 反應(yīng)，轉(zhuǎn)移的電子數(shù)為3NA
B . 1 L0.5mol/LNa2CO3 溶液中含有的CO32―數(shù)目為0.5NA
c . lmolCH3OH在燃料電池負(fù)極發(fā)生反應(yīng)時轉(zhuǎn)移的電子總數(shù)為4NA
D ．常溫常壓下，14 g的C2H4氣體中含有的原子數(shù)為3NA
9 ．做試驗時不小心手上粘了一些高錳酸鉀．如果不及時妥當(dāng)處理，皮膚上的黑斑很久才能消除。可以用草酸的稀溶液或草酸鈉的酸溶液洗滌．其離子方程式為：MnO4一十C2O42―＋H 十→ CO2↑十Mn2＋＋口。關(guān)于此反應(yīng)的敘述正確的是
A、C2O42―的還原性比Mn2＋強(qiáng) B．該反應(yīng)右邊方框內(nèi)的產(chǎn)物是OH―
C、該反應(yīng)電子轉(zhuǎn)移總數(shù)是5e― D ．配平該反應(yīng)后，H 十的化學(xué)計量是8
10、蓋斯定律認(rèn)為：不管化學(xué)過程是一步或分為數(shù)步完成，這個過程的熱效應(yīng)是相同的
已知：H2O（g） = H2O(l) △H1=－Q1kJ?mol―1
C2H50H (g) =C2H5OH(l) △H2=－Q2kJ?mol―1
C2H50H (g)＋3O2（g） =CO2(g) ＋3H2O △H3=－Q3kJ?mol―1
若使23g 液態(tài)乙醉完全燃燒，最后恢復(fù)到室溫．則放出的熱量為（Q1、Q2 、Q3均大于0 )（KJ）
A . Q1＋Q2＋Q3 B、0.5
( Q1 + Q2+ Q3 )
C. 0.5 ( 3Q1一Q2＋ Q3 ) D . 0 . 5 ( Q1一3Q2＋Q3）
11 ．下列離子方程式書寫正確的是
A ．硫酸鋁溶液中加入足量氨水：Al3＋＋3OH―==Al(OH)3↓
B . FeCl2溶液中通入Cl2:Fe2＋＋Cl2==Fe3＋＋Cl―
C ．電解飽和食鹽水時陰極反應(yīng)是：2H20 + 2e―＝H2↑＋2OH―
D ．次氯酸鈉落液中通入二氧化硫氣體：2ClO―＋SO2＋H2O=2HClO＋SO32―
12 ．現(xiàn)有下列物質(zhì)：① 纖維素② 甲酸甲醋 ③ 淀粉④ 甲醛⑤ 丙酸⑥ 乳酸
⑦乙二酸⑧ 乙酸．其中符合Cn（H2O)m的組成,但不屬于糖類的是：
A．②③④⑥ B．②④⑥⑧ C.①②④⑦D. ②④⑤⑧
13．已知NO2和N2O4可以相互轉(zhuǎn)化：2NO2（g）
N2O4
（g）△H<0已知NO2和N2O4可以相互轉(zhuǎn)化：2NO2(g)N2O4(g) △H＜0。在恒溫條件下將一定量NO2和N2O4 的混合氣體通入一容積為2 L的密閉容器中，反應(yīng)物濃度隨時間變化 
關(guān)系如右圖。下列說法正確的是
A．圖中的兩條曲線X和Y，其中曲線Y是表示NO2濃度隨時間的變化曲線
B．a(chǎn)、b、c、d四個點中，只有b、d點的化學(xué)反應(yīng)處于平衡狀態(tài)
C．反應(yīng)進(jìn)行至25 min時，曲線發(fā)生變化的原因是加入0.4molN2O4導(dǎo)致平衡移動的原因是將密閉容器的體積縮小為1L
D．若要達(dá)到與d 相同的狀態(tài)，在25min 時還能采取的措施是適當(dāng)縮小容器體積
14．圖1中四幅圖片涉及物理學(xué)史上的四個重大發(fā)現(xiàn)，其中說法不正確的有（ ）
A.卡文迪許通過扭秤實驗，測定出了萬有引力恒量
B.奧斯特通過實驗研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)了電流周圍存在磁場
C.法拉第通過實驗研究，總結(jié)出法拉第電磁感應(yīng)定律
D.牛頓根據(jù)理想斜面實驗，提出力不是維持物體運動的原因
15．在盧瑟福的。α粒子散射實驗中，有極少數(shù)粒子發(fā)生大角度偏轉(zhuǎn)，其原因是A．原子中存在著帶負(fù)電的電子
B．正電荷在原子中是均勻分布的
C．原子的正電荷和絕大部分質(zhì)量集中在一個很小的核上
D，原子只能處于一系列不連續(xù)的能量狀態(tài)中
16 如圖所示，在水平力作用下，木塊A、B保持靜止。若木塊A與B 的接觸面是水平的，且F≠0。則關(guān)于木塊B的受力個數(shù)可能是
A . 3 個或4個 B . 3 個或5 個
C . 4 個或5 個 D . 4 個或6 個
17、下列關(guān)于人造地球衛(wèi)星與宇宙飛船的說法中正確的是① 如果知道人造地球衛(wèi)星的軌道半徑和它的周期，再利用萬有引力常量，就可以算出地球的質(zhì)量
② 兩顆人造地球衛(wèi)星，只要它們的繞行速率相等，不管它們的質(zhì)童、形狀差別有多大，它們的繞行半徑和繞行周期都一定是相同的
③ 在某一軌道上沿同一方向繞行的人造衛(wèi)星和飛船一前一后，若后面的飛船要追上前面衛(wèi)星并進(jìn)行對接，只要飛船的速度增大一些即可
④ 神舟七號飛船在繞地球飛行的過冬程中，宇航員從艙內(nèi)慢慢走出，若他離開飛船，飛船因質(zhì)量減小，所受萬有引力減小，故飛船飛行速率減小
A ．① ② B ．② ③ C ．① ③ D ．②④
18 ．有一電阻，當(dāng)它接在22V 直流電源上時，消耗功率為P 。有一降壓變壓器．原線圈接在一個最大值為220V 的正弦交流電上．若將此電祖接在該變壓器的副線圈兩端．消耗功率為P/2，則此變壓器原、副線圈的碰數(shù)比為
A . 1 : l0 B . 10 : 1 C . 14 : 1D . 1 : 14
19 . A 和B 是兩個大小相同的環(huán)形線圈，將兩線圈平行共軸放處．如圖甲所示。當(dāng)線圈A 中電流I 隨時間變化的I 一t 圖象如圖乙所示時．規(guī)定電流方向如圖甲中箭頭所示的方向為正方向．則線圈B 中的電流隨時間t 的變化圖象是如圖丙中的
20 
.如圖所示，AC、BD為一邊長為d的正方形ABCD的兩條對角線�？臻g存在一與正方形所在平面平行的未知靜電場。現(xiàn)有一帶電量為＋q的點電荷，先從A點運動到B點，電勢能減少了E；又從B點運動到C點，電勢能增加了E。下列關(guān)于此空間存在的靜電場的說法，正確的是
A.若為位于D點的正點電荷Q形成的電場，B點場強(qiáng)大小為
B.若為位于D點的負(fù)點電荷Q形成的電場，B點場強(qiáng)大小為
C.若為勻強(qiáng)電場，場強(qiáng)方向垂直于AC并由D指向B，場強(qiáng)大小為
D.若為勻強(qiáng)電場，場強(qiáng)方向垂直于AC并由B指向D，場強(qiáng)大小為
第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題共180 分）本卷共11題．
21. ( 1 ) ( 6 分）如圖為一多用電表表盤
① 如果用直流“10V ” 檔測量電壓，則讀數(shù)為 V。
② 如果用“× 100 ”歐姆檔測量電阻，則讀數(shù)為 歐，
( 2 ) ( 10 分）某探究學(xué)習(xí)小組的同學(xué)欲探究“做功與物體動能變化的關(guān)系”他們在實驗室組裝了一套如圖所示的裝置，另外他們還找到打點計時器所用的學(xué)生電源一臺、天平、刻度尺、導(dǎo)線、復(fù)寫紙、紙帶、砝碼若干。當(dāng)滑塊連接上紙帶，用細(xì)線通過滑輪掛上空的小沙桶時，釋放小桶，滑塊處于靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)。 
① 某同學(xué)的實驗步驟如下：用天平稱量滑塊的質(zhì)量M 。往沙桶中裝入適量
滑塊．滑塊能在水平長木板靜止。用天平測出此時沙和小桶的質(zhì)量m?，再向
小沙桶添加細(xì)沙．讓沙桶帶動滑塊加速運動，用打點計時器記錄其運動情況，用天平稱出此時沙和沙桶的總質(zhì)量m 。要減小實驗誤差，應(yīng)控制的實驗條件是：
② 若挑選的一條點跡清晰的紙帶如圖所示，已知相鄰兩個點間的時間間隔為T ，從A 點到B 、C 、D 、E 、F 點的距離依次為s1、s2、s3、s4、s5 , （圖中未標(biāo)出s3、s4、s5） ，則由此可求得紙帶上由B 點到E點所對應(yīng)過程中，合外力所做的功W ，該滑塊動能表達(dá)式為△ EK ＝ ：（結(jié)果用題中已知物理量的符號表示，重力加速度為g）
③ 利用本實驗裝置還可以進(jìn)行那些物理規(guī)律探究？（至少寫出兩個）？
22 .
（15分）10.在平直公路上行駛的汽車中，某人從車窗相對于車靜止釋放一個小球，不計空氣阻力，用固定在路邊的照相機(jī)對汽車進(jìn)行閃光照相，照相機(jī)閃兩次光，得到清晰的兩張照片，對照片進(jìn)行分析，知道了如下信息： ①兩次閃光的時間間隔為0.5s；②第一次閃光時，小球剛釋放，第二次閃光時，小球落地； ③兩次閃光的時間間隔內(nèi)，汽車前進(jìn)了
( l ）你認(rèn)為能算當(dāng)哪些物理量？. （至少說出3 個）
( 2 ）請計算出這幾個物理量的值。
23
? （18 分）
10.兩塊平行金屬板MN、PQ水平放置，兩板 間距為d、板長為l，在緊靠平行板右側(cè)的正三角形區(qū)域內(nèi)存在著垂直紙面的勻強(qiáng)磁場，三角形底邊BC與PQ在同一水平線上，頂點A與MN在同一水平線上，如圖所示．一個質(zhì)量為m、電量為+q的粒子沿兩板中心線以初速度v0水平射入，若在兩板間加某一恒定電壓，粒子離開電場后垂直AB邊從D點進(jìn)入磁場，BD=
AB，并垂直AC邊射出(不計粒子的重力)．求：
(1)兩極板間電壓；
(2)三角形區(qū)域內(nèi)磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度；
(3)若兩板間不加電壓，三角形區(qū)域內(nèi)的磁場方向垂直紙面向外．要使粒子進(jìn)入磁場區(qū)域后能從AB邊射出，試求所加磁場的磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度最小值．
24．（19分）如圖所示，在同一豎直平面內(nèi)兩正對著的相同半圓光滑軌道，相隔一定的距離，虛線沿豎直方向，一小球能在其間運動，今在最高點與最低點各放一個壓力傳感器，測試小球?qū)壍赖膲毫Γ⑼ㄟ^計算機(jī)顯示出來，當(dāng)軌道距離變化時，測得兩點壓力差與距離x的圖像如圖。（g=
（1）小球的質(zhì)量為多少？
（2）若x的最大值為15m
，為保證小球能沿軌道運動，則小球在最底點B 處的速度至少為多大？
25.(15分）四種短周期元歡單質(zhì)的性質(zhì)信息如下：
A 單質(zhì)在常溫、常壓下是黃綠色氣體，能溶于水。
B 單質(zhì)質(zhì)軟，銀白色固體，導(dǎo)電性強(qiáng)。在空氣中燃燒發(fā)出黃色火焰。
C 單質(zhì)為銀白色，導(dǎo)電性僅次于銀、銅和金。其氧化物具兩性。
D 單質(zhì)是空氣中的主要成份，通常情況下化學(xué)性質(zhì)穩(wěn)定。請根據(jù)信息回答下列問題：
( 1 ) B 、C 兩元素金屬性較強(qiáng)的是（寫元素符號） 。寫出證明這一結(jié)論的一個事實：
⑵A單質(zhì)的水溶液和SO2都具有漂白性，但其漂白原理不同，其本質(zhì)區(qū)別是
( 3 ）寫出A和C 所形成的化合物與過量的B的氧化物對應(yīng)的水化物反應(yīng)的離子方程式：
( 4 ）足是的銅與D 的最高價含氧酸濃溶液充分反應(yīng)．生成多種氣體．其原因是：
( 5 ) A 、B 、C 的第一電離能比較．由大到小的順序為（用元素符號表示）
( 6 ）通�？捎肅 的單質(zhì)容器盛裝D 的最高價含氧酸的濃溶液，其原因是
26 .
( 16 分）短周期相鄰元素X
、Y 、Z 、W原子序數(shù)依次增大，其中 X、Y、Z 三種元素的質(zhì)子數(shù)之和為21。X 、Y 、Z 同周期，Z 與W 同族。
⑴X與Z形成原子個數(shù)比為1 : 2 的化合物，其電子式為 ,W原子電子排布式為 。
⑵將W 離子的鈉鹽溶于水所得溶液呈堿性，則溶液中c（OH―）―c（H＋）＝
( 3 ）恒溫恒容下．在一密閉容形中，1molZ2和2m0lW的低價氧化物在一定條件下反應(yīng)，達(dá)到平衡時，W的低價氧化物為0.2mol，Z2的轉(zhuǎn)化率為 ；
若該反應(yīng)在恒溫（同上溫度），恒壓條徉卞進(jìn)行（其它條件相同），反應(yīng)達(dá)到平衡時，Z2的轉(zhuǎn)化率比上述條件下Z2的轉(zhuǎn)化率 （填“大”、“小”或“相同”）。
⑷由X 的最簡單氣態(tài)氫化物、Z 的單質(zhì)和KOH 溶液組成的新型燃料電池中，負(fù)極上發(fā)生的電極反應(yīng)式為 。
⑸若用惰性電極電解W的最高價含氧酸的銅鹽溶液，該反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式為
。一段時間后．若加0.1molCuO 固體能使溶液復(fù)原濃度，則上述電解過程中轉(zhuǎn)移電子物質(zhì)的量為 mol。
27. ( 14 分）三氧化二鐵氧化亞銅都是紅色粉末。某校一化學(xué)實驗小組通過實驗來探究一紅色粉末是Fe2O3 、Cu2O或二者混合物。探究過程如下：
查閱資料：Cu2O 是一種堿性氧化物．溶于稀硫酸生成Cu和CuSO4，而在空氣中加熱則生成CuO
提出假設(shè)
假設(shè)1 ：紅色粉末是Fe2O3
假設(shè)2 ：紅色粉末是Cu2O
假設(shè)3 ：紅色粉來是Fe2O3 和Cu2O的混合物
設(shè)計探究實驗
取少量粉末放入試管中，加入足量稀硫酸．然后再滴加幾滴KSCN 試液。
( l ）某同學(xué)認(rèn)為“滴加KSCN 試劑后溶液不顯紅色，可證明原固體粉末中一定不含三氧化二鐵”。你認(rèn)為這種說法合理嗎？ 。簡述你的理由（不需寫出反應(yīng)的方程式）
( 2 ）若假設(shè)3 成立，且固體粉末完全溶解無固體存在．此時滴加KSCN 試劑溶液呈紅色，寫出加入KSCN 前發(fā)生反應(yīng)的離子方程式
探究延伸
經(jīng)實驗分析，確定紅色粉末為Fe2O3 和Cu2O的混合物。
⑶實臉小組欲用加熱法測定Cu2O的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)。取ag固體粉末在空氣中充分加熱，冷卻后，稱其質(zhì)量為bg（b>a）,則混合物中Cu2O的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為 。
⑷實驗小組欲利用該紅色粉末制取較純凈的膽礬（CuSO4?5H2O）。經(jīng)查閱資料得知．在溶液中通過調(diào)節(jié)溶液的酸堿性而使Cu2＋ 、Fe2＋、Fe3＋分別生成沉淀的pH 如下：
物質(zhì)
Cu（OH）2
Fe（OH）2
Fe（OH）3
開始沉淀pH
6.0
7.5
1.4
沉淀完全pH
13
14
3.7
實駿室有下列試劑可供選擇：A、氯水B、H2O2 C、NaOH、D、Cu2(OH)2CO3
某實驗小組設(shè)計如下實驗方案：
試回答① 試劑1 ，試劑2 為 （填字母）。
② 固體X 的化學(xué)式為
③ 操作3 （填名稱）。
28 . ( 15 分）藥物的合成是有機(jī)化學(xué)的重要應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域之一。某有機(jī)物A 只含C 、H 、O 三種元素．可用作醫(yī)藥的中間體，具有抗菌、祛痰、平喘作用。A 的相對分子質(zhì)量不超過160 , A中氧的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)約為41.6 ％，請結(jié)合信息回答相關(guān)問題
① A 可與NaHCO3溶液作用，產(chǎn)生無色氣體；
② lmolA 與足金金屬鈉反應(yīng)生成H233.6L（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀況）；
③ A 可與FeCl3滾液發(fā)生顯色反應(yīng)；
④ A 分子苯環(huán)上有三個取代基，其中相同的取代基相鄰，不同的取代基不相鄰。請回答：
( 1 ) A 的分子式是 ; A 中含氧官能團(tuán)的名稱是 。
( 2 ）按要求寫出下面反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式：
A + NaOH （溶液）：
( 3 ）已知：
請回答：
① 反應(yīng)Ⅱ的化學(xué)方程式是
② 上述轉(zhuǎn)化中，反應(yīng)Ⅰ、Ⅱ兩步的作用是
③ B 可發(fā)生的反應(yīng)有 （填字母）。
a ．取代反應(yīng)b ．加成反應(yīng)c ．加聚反應(yīng)d ．水解反應(yīng)
( 4 ）芳香族化合物F 與A 互為同分異構(gòu)體，可發(fā)生銀鏡反應(yīng)，1molF可與含3mol溶質(zhì)的NaOH 溶液作用．其苯環(huán)上的一鹵代物只有一種。寫出符合要求的F的一種可能的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式
29．（25分）回答下列Ⅰ、Ⅱ小題：
Ⅰ．左圖是探究綠色植物光合作用速率的實驗示意圖，裝置中的碳酸氫鈉溶液可維持瓶內(nèi)的二氧化碳濃度，該裝置置于
（1）若將圖中的碳酸氫鈉溶液換成等量清水，重復(fù)上述實驗，20min后，要使水滴維持在位置X處，針筒的容量 （需向左/需向右/不需要）調(diào)節(jié)。
（2）若以釋放出的氧氣量來代表光合作用速率，該植物的光合作用速率是 mL/h。
（3）若將圖中的碳酸氫鈉溶液換成等量濃氫氧化鈉溶液，在
（4）如果在另一相同實驗裝置中，只增加光照強(qiáng)度，則20min后針筒的容量也維持在0.6mL讀數(shù)處。若在該實驗裝置中只將溫度提升至
。
Ⅱ．某生物研究小組觀察到野外四個物種在一天中的平均活動時間（活動時間以%表示）。
休息
與其他物種的關(guān)系
進(jìn)食
其他活動
物種A
20%
15%追逐物種B
55%吃植物種子
10%
物種B
20%
25%被物種A追逐
45%吃植物種子
10%
物種C
75%
15%吃物種A
10%
物種D
75%
20%吃物種C
5%
（1）根據(jù)表中信息，寫出該生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中可能的營養(yǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系。
（2）物種A與B屬于 關(guān)系，物種C與A屬于 關(guān)系。從食性角度看，物種C、D一天中進(jìn)食時間較短而休息時間較長，其可能的原因是 。
（3）組成一個典型的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，除表中設(shè)計的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)成分外，還應(yīng)有
。
（4）碳元素進(jìn)入生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的生物群落主要是從 開始的。一段時期內(nèi)，若進(jìn)入該生態(tài)系統(tǒng)生物群落的碳元素總量與由群落進(jìn)入無機(jī)環(huán)境的碳元素總量相等，則說明該生態(tài)系統(tǒng)基本處于 狀態(tài)。
29．（25分，除標(biāo)注外，每空2分）
Ⅰ．（1）不需要
（2）1.2
（3）1.4
（4）在上述條件下，限制光合作用速率的主要因素不是光照，而是溫度
Ⅱ．（1）（全對給3分）
（2）競爭 捕食 物種C、D均屬于肉食性動物，食物中蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪較多，含有的能量多
（3）非生物的物質(zhì)和能量、分解者
（4）生產(chǎn)者（綠色植物）的光合作用 相對穩(wěn)定
30．（20分）回答下列Ⅰ、Ⅱ小題：
Ⅰ．下圖示某種單基因遺傳病的遺傳系譜(其中Ⅱ-6不含致病基因)，請據(jù)圖回答問題：
（1）該病是由位于 染色體上的 性基因控制。
（2）Ⅲ-9與正常男性結(jié)婚懷孕后，后代患該遺傳病的幾率是 。若在妊娠早期對胎兒的脫屑細(xì)胞進(jìn)行檢查，可判斷后代是否患這種遺傳病�？刹扇〉拇胧┦� 。
Ⅱ．普通西瓜植株為二倍體（2N=22），花單性，雌雄同株，用普通西瓜培育三倍體無籽西瓜的主要過程可用右圖表示：
（1）在幼苗期用一定濃度的秋水仙素處理二倍體植株，秋水仙素的作用機(jī)理是 。
（2）西瓜的紅瓤（R）對黃瓤（r）為顯性。用基因型為rrrr的四倍體植株做母本，基因型為RR的二倍體植株做父本雜交，當(dāng)年所結(jié)西瓜的瓜瓤的顏色是 ，將其種子種下去，長成的植株的基因型是 。
（3）已知西瓜的果皮深色（B）對淺色（b）是顯性。若將四倍體西瓜（bbbb）和二倍體西瓜（BB）間行種植，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)四倍體西瓜植株上所結(jié)的種子，播種后發(fā)育成的植株中既有四倍體又有三倍體。那么，能否從這些植株所結(jié)西瓜的果皮顏色直接判斷出這些植株是四倍體還是三倍體呢？請用遺傳圖解解釋，并作簡要說明。
30．（20分，除標(biāo)注外，每空2分）
Ⅰ.（1）x 隱
（2）1/8 先進(jìn)行性別檢測，女性表現(xiàn)全部正常；若為男性，再進(jìn)行基因檢測（4分）
Ⅱ．（1）抑制紡錘體的形成，使染色體數(shù)目加倍
（2）黃色 Rrr
（3）（4分）
簡要說明：若四倍體西瓜（bbbb）自交，則子代為bbbb，所結(jié)西瓜果皮為淺色；若四倍體西瓜（bbbb）作母本，二倍體西瓜（BB）作父本，則子代為Bbb，所結(jié)西瓜果皮為深色，所以四倍體植株上收獲得的種子發(fā)育成的植株所結(jié)的西瓜，深色果皮的為三倍體無籽西瓜，淺色果皮的為四倍體西瓜。
31．（9分）右圖是將人的生長激素基因?qū)爰?xì)菌B細(xì)胞內(nèi)制造“工程菌”示意圖，所用運載體為質(zhì)粒A。已知細(xì)菌B細(xì)胞內(nèi)不含質(zhì)粒A，也不含質(zhì)粒A上的基因，質(zhì)粒A導(dǎo)入細(xì)菌B后，其上的基因能得到表達(dá)。請回答：
(1)一個基因表達(dá)載體的組成除目的基因外，還必須
有 、 和標(biāo)記基因等。將基因表達(dá)載體導(dǎo)入細(xì)菌B之前，一般要先用 處理細(xì)胞，以增加其細(xì)胞壁的通透性。
(2)將得到的細(xì)菌涂抹在一個含有氨芐青霉素的培養(yǎng)基上，能夠生長的就是導(dǎo)入質(zhì)粒A或重組質(zhì)粒的，反之則沒有。以上培養(yǎng)基按用途屬于 培養(yǎng)基。
(3)上述培養(yǎng)基上聚集的菌種可通過 法或 培養(yǎng)成單菌落，經(jīng)進(jìn)一步篩選即可獲得導(dǎo)入重組質(zhì)粒的工程菌。獲得純培養(yǎng)物的關(guān)鍵是無菌操作，其中對培養(yǎng)皿進(jìn)行滅菌常用的方法是 。
(4)在獲得目的基因的過程中，PCR技術(shù)相當(dāng)重要。PCR擴(kuò)增反應(yīng)需要在一定的緩沖溶液中加入DNA模板、分別與兩條模板鏈相結(jié)合的兩種 、四種脫氧核苷酸和 的 DNA聚合酶。
31．（9分）
（1）啟動子 終止子 Ca2+
（2）選擇
（3）平板劃線 稀釋涂布平板 干熱滅菌法
（4）引物 耐高溫
2009年安慶市高三模擬考試（二模）
2009年安慶市高三模擬考試(二模)
文科綜合能力測試
命題:安慶市高考模擬命題研究組
注意事項:
1.本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和第II卷(非選擇題)兩部分。滿分300分。考試時間150分鐘。
2.在答題卡上的密封線內(nèi)填寫縣(區(qū)、市)、學(xué)校、班級;姓名、考號。
3.答第I卷前，請你務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考試科目、試卷類型(A或B)等 項用2B鉛筆或鋼筆準(zhǔn)確涂寫在機(jī)讀答題卡上。第II卷試題的解答答案寫在答題卡上。
4.當(dāng)你選出第I卷每小題的答案后，用2B鉛筆把機(jī)讀答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的選項標(biāo)號 涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他選項。把答案寫在試題卷上是不能得分的。
5.考試結(jié)束后，本卷和答題卡一并交由監(jiān)考老師收回
第I卷
本卷共33小題，每小題4分，共132分。在每小題給出的四個選項申，只有一項是 符合題目要求的。
讀圖1、圖2，完成1～2題。
1. 2008年，造成我省直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失最大的自然災(zāi)害是
A.旱災(zāi) B.雪災(zāi) C.臺風(fēng) D.洪澇
2. 2008年底-2009年初，我省可能出現(xiàn)的突出自然災(zāi)害有
A.洪澇 B.雪災(zāi) C.臺風(fēng) D.旱災(zāi)
讀圖3，完成3 - 4題。
3.圖中B城市位C城市的
A.東北方 B.西南方 C.東南方 D.西北方
A城市到D城市的距離約
A. 4200千米 B. 5200千米
C. 72000千米 D. 8200千米
5.該衛(wèi)星對生態(tài)環(huán)境和災(zāi)害進(jìn)行動態(tài)監(jiān)測，直接應(yīng)用的地理信息技術(shù)是
A.遙感 B.地理信息系統(tǒng)
C.全球定位系統(tǒng) D.數(shù)字地球
6.某中學(xué)研究性學(xué)習(xí)小織擬用該衛(wèi)星的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行自然災(zāi)害監(jiān)測研究。下列選題不適合的是
A.大興安嶺森林病蟲害監(jiān)測與預(yù)報 B.珠江口赤潮動態(tài)監(jiān)測與預(yù)報
C.華北平原泥石流監(jiān)測與預(yù)報 D.西北地區(qū)沙塵暴監(jiān)測與預(yù)報
圖4為我國兩所中學(xué)作息時間表(部分)。圖中的時間為北京時間。讀圖完成7～8題。
光明中學(xué)作息時間表(冬季) 光明中學(xué)作息時間表(夏季〉育才中學(xué)作息時間表(夏季)
上
午
第一節(jié)課
8:00～8:45
上
午
第一節(jié)課
1:40～8:25
上
午
第一節(jié)課 9:00～9:45
第四節(jié)課
10:50～11:35
第四節(jié)課
10:30～
第四節(jié)課 1l:50～12：35
圖4
7.造成光明中學(xué)不同季節(jié)作息時間差異的根本因素是
A.天氣氣候 B.地球自轉(zhuǎn) C.地球公轉(zhuǎn) D.日地距離
8.育才中學(xué)可能位于
A.安徽省 B.甘肅省 C.河北省 D.黑龍江省
9.冬季，光明中學(xué)上午第一節(jié)課開始時，地球日照情況是
因5 (圖中陰影部分為夜晚)
 |
圖6為中國能量消費增量波動的分量與GDP增量的分量變化曲線圖。讀圖回答10 ～ 11題
GDP增量波動的分量 能源消費增量波動的分重
10.改革開放以來， GDP增量波動的分量與能源消費增量波動的分重的變化
A.呈正相關(guān) B.呈負(fù)相關(guān) C.無關(guān) D.同期約為6年
11．能源消費增長顯著帶動GDP增長的時段有
A.1972年--1981年 B. 1982年--1986年 C. 1987年--1993年 D. 1994年--2003年
12.公元前6世紀(jì)到公元前2世紀(jì)是人類文明的”軸心時代”，人類首可次覺醒，理性思維所創(chuàng)造的精神文化決定著其后諸民族的文化走向。對于中國而言，址能體現(xiàn)這一特征的現(xiàn)象是
A.百家爭鳴 B.焚書坑儒 C.獨尊儒術(shù) D.尊儒尚法
13.推動羅馬法由公民法發(fā)展到萬民法的主要動力是
A.平民的斗爭 B.帝國皇帝的重視 C.羅馬的不斷擴(kuò)張D.法學(xué)家的努力
14.王世貞《四部稿》中記載”大抵徽商……其所積蓄，則十一在內(nèi)，十九在外。”材料反映了徽商
A.注重擴(kuò)大經(jīng)商范圍 B.注重買田置地
C.注重資本積累，擴(kuò)大投資 D.注重多樣化經(jīng)營
15.千龍網(wǎng)上《從大腳到多變:中國國年間女人美麗標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的變遷》的文章，介紹了中國女人美麗標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的變化軌跡。1900～ 1919年女人美麗標(biāo)準(zhǔn)出現(xiàn)的原因是
時間
標(biāo) 準(zhǔn)
1900～1909年
會說洋話的大腳女人
1900～1919年
敢于婚姻自由的女人
①兩方文化傳入②資產(chǎn)階級政治運動影響③新文化運動引起社會觀念的變化
④留學(xué)教育促進(jìn)了中間文化交流和融合⑤婦女杜會地位提高，成為國家的主人
A.①②③④ B.①②④⑤ C.②③⑤ D.①②③
16.周恩來總理曾說過:新民主主義革命的歷史，就是從天安門到夭安門。你認(rèn)為前一個 “天安門”和下列哪一重大歷史事件有關(guān)
A.新文化運動 B.五四運動 C.北平和平解放 D.開國大典
17. 下'面兩幅圖反映的是19世紀(jì)早期法國浪漫主義在文學(xué)藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域的突出成就，其產(chǎn)生的時代背景是
A.人文主義對文學(xué)藝術(shù)的深遠(yuǎn)影響 B.科技發(fā)展給人心帶米的浮躁與迷忙
C.經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)導(dǎo)致資本主義矛盾激化 D.人們對”理性”王國的憤懣與失望
18.下圖是361度的標(biāo)志和廣告詞。下列敘述正確的是
①一千年前的宋代，開始出現(xiàn)的印刷術(shù)、指南針和火藥技術(shù)處于世界領(lǐng)先地位
②一百年前，我們一度落后的原因有當(dāng)時中國政府的腐敗和帝國主義的侵略
③十一屆二中全會作出的改革開放的重大決策對我們將再度起飛具有重要作用
④十三大提出的建立社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的決定為我們再度起飛鋪平了道路
A.②③④ B.①④ C.①②④ D.②③
19.當(dāng)前金融危機(jī)愈演愈烈，英國政府提山一系列救市法案，如果這些法案在下院不能通過，布朗首相可以①強(qiáng)迫投反對票的議員退出議會②率全體內(nèi)閣成員辭職 ③呈請女王解散下院提前大選④呈請女王做出最終裁決
A.②③ B.①②③ C.②③④ D.①②③④
20. 下圖所反映的中國經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)處于
I個體經(jīng)濟(jì)
II三資經(jīng)濟(jì)
Ⅲ私營經(jīng)濟(jì)
Ⅳ集體經(jīng)濟(jì)
V國營經(jīng)濟(jì)
A.過渡時期 B.全面建設(shè)社會主義時期 C.文化大革命時期 D.社會主義建設(shè)新時期
21.鄧小平說: “如果60年代以來中國沒有原子彈、氫彈，沒有發(fā)射衛(wèi)星，中國就不能叫有重要影響的大國，就沒有現(xiàn)在這樣的國際地位。”對此理解正確的是①”兩彈一星” 極大地提高了中國的國際地位②”兩彈一星”提高了中國的國防力量③”兩彈一星”是迫使美國改善中美關(guān)系的根本原因④”兩彈一星”是國家興旺發(fā)達(dá)的標(biāo)志
A.①②③ B.②③④ C. ①②④ D.①③④
22.某班就《當(dāng)今世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展》為主題進(jìn)行研究性學(xué)習(xí)，得山了以下結(jié)論。其中你:認(rèn)為不正確的一項應(yīng)該是
A.舊的國際經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序不利于發(fā)展中國家
B.經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化一定科度上威脅了部分國家主權(quán)
C.經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化縮小了各國之間的貧富差距
D.經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化是一把戲刃劍，有利有弊
23.國家稅務(wù)總局的決定意味著只能在網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界中佼陽的虛擬貨幣首次走入了現(xiàn)實W:界， 成為交易時需要繳稅的商品。虛擬貨幣這種商品
A.是在科技進(jìn)步、網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下產(chǎn)生的一種新型貨幣
B和現(xiàn)實世界的商品一樣，都是價值和使用價值的統(tǒng)一體
C.具有使用價值，因為它在網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界里可以充當(dāng)貨幣的各種職能
D.不具有價值，因為它的虛擬性決定了其不可能凝聚任何人類勞動
24.國家對網(wǎng)絡(luò)買賣虛擬貨幣取得的收入征收個人所得稅，這一行為
①說明稅收具有隨意性②剌激了網(wǎng)絡(luò)買賣虛擬貨幣的消費行為
③能夠增加財政收入，維護(hù)國家利益④可以調(diào)節(jié)個人收入分配.維護(hù)社會公平
A.①②③ B.①②④ C.③④ D.②③④
3000余名賽會志愿者、10萬余名城市志愿者不畏嚴(yán)寒，為第24屆世界大學(xué)生冬季運動會開展志愿服務(wù)，成為冰城哈爾濱一道引人注目的風(fēng)景線。據(jù)此回答25～26題。
25.廣大青年參加各種志愿者的活動，有利于
①促進(jìn)杜會主義精神文明建設(shè) ②豐富自己的精神生活
③提升自己的道德境界 ④增強(qiáng)對人民群眾的感情
A.②③ B.②③④ C.①② D.①②③④
26.從價值觀角度看，志愿者的行動說明了
A.只有在平凡的崗位上才能實現(xiàn)自己的人生價值 B.只有犧牲個人利益才能實現(xiàn)自己的人生價值
C.人生的真正價值在于對社會的貢獻(xiàn) D.實現(xiàn)人生價值必須先實現(xiàn)自我價值
27.近日，由省文化廳編輯的《安徽省首批非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄圖典》和《安徽民歌經(jīng)典 (第一輯) »山版發(fā)行，這是我省推進(jìn)三大文化工程的一項重要舉措。之所以重視非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)，原因在于
①非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)是傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分 ②非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)具有極強(qiáng)大的穩(wěn)定性
③非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)對增強(qiáng)民族凝聚力有重要作用 ④非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)能滿足人們的物質(zhì)需求
A.①② B.②③ C.①③ D.②④
28.漫畫《救市》反映了
A.只要加強(qiáng)政府的宏觀調(diào)控，就能完善金融體系
B.應(yīng)充分發(fā)揮價值規(guī)律對資源的配置作用
C.市場調(diào)節(jié)不是萬能的，需要加強(qiáng)政府宏觀調(diào)控
D.必須加強(qiáng)政府對資源配置的控制力度
29.
與網(wǎng)友在線交流并接受中國政府網(wǎng)、新華網(wǎng)聯(lián)合專訪。黨和政府
高度重視互 聯(lián)網(wǎng)這一新興媒體，因為它
①是公民參與政泊生活的重要平臺
②有利于黨和政府決策的科學(xué)化和民主化
③士在公民參與國家管理的基礎(chǔ)和標(biāo)志
④有利于保證人民的知情權(quán)、表達(dá)權(quán)、監(jiān)督權(quán)
A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①②④ D.①③④
30.運動是物質(zhì)的
A.根本屬性 B.固有屬性 C.唯一屬性 D.特有屬性
31.國務(wù)院總理混家寶
①我國政府堅持對人民負(fù)責(zé)的原則
②我國政府是國家權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)的執(zhí)行機(jī)關(guān)
③我國政府是人民意志的執(zhí)行者和人民利益的捍衛(wèi)者
④中國共產(chǎn)黨堅持立黨為公，執(zhí)政為民
A.①③ B.②③ C.①④ D.②④
32.2009年我國全方位外交取得新的重大進(jìn)展，國際地位和影響空前提高。這是因為 ①我國堅持獨立自主的和平外交政策②我國堅持走和平發(fā)展道路
③我國積極主動地對抗霸權(quán)主義和l強(qiáng)權(quán)政治④我國堅持挫進(jìn)互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略 A.②③④B.①②③C.①②④D.①③④
33. “心動?2008安徽年度新聞人物評選”活動是在省委宣傳部領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下由省電視臺精心打造的一項具有廣泛影響力的新聞品牌活動，旨在通過主流媒體的平臺，倡導(dǎo)時代新風(fēng)。 這次活動反映了
①大眾傳媒在傳播先進(jìn)文化中起了重大作用 �、谖沂〖訌�(qiáng)社會主義精神文明建設(shè)
③文化創(chuàng)新需要注入時代精神 �、苁∥麄鞑柯男薪M織社會主義文化建設(shè)的職能
A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①②④ D.①③④
第II卷
本卷共6大題，共168分。
34.(28分)表l 為我國西南某省區(qū)1960--2000年代各氣候帶面積(
表1
年代
北溫帶
中溫帶
南溫帶
北亞熱帶
中亞熱帶
南亞熱帶
北熱帶
1960年代
23.2
37. 96
67. 89
66.89
75. 19
63. 72
7.84
1970年代
22. 39
38.22
69.65
68. 74
74.82
62.48
6.44
1980年代
22.36
37.98
67. 82
67.64
74. 76
64.41
7. 77
1990年代
23.02
38.49
65. 01
64. 35
73.43
67. 03
11. 34
2000年代
21. 58
34.09
59.21
64.21
76. 54
72. 21
14.91
(1)歸納該省區(qū)氣候的主要特點.說明這些特點的形成原因。(12分)
(2)描述熱帶面積1960年代以米的數(shù)量變化特點，分析推測1970年以來熱帶的空間分布變化趨勢。(9分)
(3)該有區(qū)的氣候演變趨勢與全球變暖的大背景是否一致?這種氣候演變可能引起當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的變化有哪些?(7分)
35. (28分〉閱讀下面材料，回答下列問題。
目前”長三角”地區(qū)正處在兩種產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移并行的關(guān)鍵階段，一是國際產(chǎn)業(yè)向這里的沿海、沿江、沿高速公路等交通優(yōu)勢明顯和基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)雄厚的地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移;二是”長三角”內(nèi)部，相對發(fā)達(dá)的上海、浙東、蘇南將部分產(chǎn)業(yè)向蘇中、蘇北轉(zhuǎn)移。
(1)分析甲地區(qū)礦業(yè)資源開發(fā)的條件及如何開發(fā)利用。( 12分〉
(2)相對于乙地而言，甲地突出的優(yōu)勢是什么?簡述甲乙兩地加強(qiáng)這方面的合作的意義。(8分)
(3)說明轉(zhuǎn)入”長三角”與轉(zhuǎn)出”長三角”產(chǎn)業(yè)的差異，這種”騰籠換鳥”式產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移有何積極意義? (8分)
36. (46分〉地處祖國中部的安徽，物華天寶，人杰地靈。風(fēng)景秀麗的黃山、九華山，名 噪一時的桐城學(xué)派，”無微不成鎮(zhèn)”的徽商都足以讓安徽人引以為白去。在中國歷史上安徽名家輩山，敢為天下先，多次引領(lǐng)歷史發(fā)展的潮流，為社會進(jìn)步彈將揭慮、奔走呼號， 作山了卓越的貢獻(xiàn)。
閱讀下列材料，回答問題。
材料一
被譏為”宰相合肥天下瘦”的李鴻章是洋務(wù)領(lǐng)袖，曾被梁啟超點坪為”一時言富強(qiáng)者 知有兵事，不知有民政;知有外文，不知有內(nèi)治;知有朝廷，不知有國民;知有洋務(wù)，不知有國務(wù)�！�
材料二
陳獨秀說”人民程度與政治之進(jìn)化，乃互為因果，未可徒責(zé)一方也。多數(shù)人民程度去共和過遠(yuǎn)，則共和政體固萬元成立之理由�！� (《答常乃德》，原載1917年4月1日 《新青年》) )
材料三
1978年底，安徽省鳳陽縣小崗村的18戶農(nóng)民，冒著殺頭坐牢的危險，在一張”包產(chǎn)到戶”的契約上，莊重地把下手印。他們?nèi)f萬想不到的是，三十年前僅僅是出于”填飽肚子”這種原始沖動的冒險嘗試，卻在無意間成為史 詩般中國改革開放的序幕。
李鴻章參與發(fā)動的洋務(wù)運動從哪些方面推動了中國社會的近代化?材料一中梁啟超對李鴻章的評價是否中肯?根據(jù)梁啟超的觀點，并結(jié)合所學(xué)知識分析洋務(wù)運動的主要局限是什么? (14分)
(2)洋務(wù)運動之后先進(jìn)的中國人學(xué)習(xí)西方探索救國之路己深入到制度層面，試舉兩例加以說明?結(jié)合材料二分析陳獨秀等人發(fā)起新文化運動的原因是什么?畢生倡言”大膽的假設(shè)，小心的求證”的胡適在新文化運動中除宣傳民主、科學(xué)外有何突出貢獻(xiàn)? (13分)
(3)社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)其實，就是近代化的延續(xù)和進(jìn)-步發(fā)展。建國后我國農(nóng)村士地政策經(jīng)歷了哪些階段性變化?材料三所反映的農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的主要內(nèi)容有哪些? (11分)
(4)綜合以上材料，你作為一名新時代的安徽人有何啟示? (8分)
37. (10分)在人類歷史上，改革與社會進(jìn)步相伴而生，其中梭倫改革、商棋變法與戊戊變法是 中外改革的典型。閱讀下列材料，根據(jù)相關(guān)知識，回答問題。
材料一 我所給予人民的適可而止，他們的榮譽(yù)不減損，也不力口多;即使那些有勢有財之人，也一樣，我不使他們遭受不當(dāng)?shù)膿p失;我手拿一只大盾，保護(hù)兩方， 不讓任何一方不公正地占據(jù)優(yōu)勢。
??梭倫
材料二 治世不一道，使國不法古。故湯、式不循古而王，夏、殷不易禮而亡，反古者不可非，而循禮者不足多。
??商鞅
材料三 �。ǹ涤袨檎f）泰西講求二百年而治，日本施行三十年而強(qiáng)，吾中國國土之大人民之眾，變法三年可以自立，此后則蒸蒸日上，富強(qiáng)可駕萬國。
??《戊戊變法》
材料四 戊戌交政，首在裁官。京師閑散衙門被裁者不下十余處，連帶關(guān)系，因之失職失業(yè)者將及萬人，朝野震駭……
??《夢蕉亭雜記》
(1)根據(jù)材料一指出梭倫改革的指導(dǎo)思想是什么? (2分)
2009年安慶市高三模擬考試（二模）
數(shù)學(xué)試題（文科）
班級： 姓名： 學(xué)號： 成績：
考生注意：
本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和第II卷(非選擇題)兩部分，滿分為150分．考試時間120
第I卷 (選擇題 共60分)
2009高考英語語法專項訓(xùn)練
復(fù)合句及語序
1. She looks sad. Could you please tell me ____ that prevents her from being as happy as before?
A. what it is B. it is what C. how it is D. it is how
2. ―I rang you at about nine, but there was no reply.
―Oh, that was probably I was seeing the doctor.
A．why B．when C．what D．that
3. ―Go and ask her come .
―OK.
A．what time would she like to B．a(chǎn)t what time she’d like to
C．when would she like to D．when she likes to
4. The traveler lost his way in the woods, and made things worse was that it was getting dark.
A．that B．what C．which D．a(chǎn)s
5. We agreed to accept they thought was the best professor in the college .
A．Whatever B．whomever C．whichever D．whoever
6. ________ people with mental－h(huán)ealth problems want most of all is a more equal and open working culture.
A．That B．What C．When D．All what
7. He seems too tired today, and I wonder he got a good sleep last night.
A．when B．that C．if D．where
8.―Would you tell me you want your tea , with sugar or milk ?
―Sugar , please .
A．whether B．when C．what D．how
9. ―Can we get everything ready by the weekend?
―It all depends on ______ we can get Mr. Green’s co-operation.
A．that B．what C．whether D．if
10. ―Nowadays the doctors are trying their best to reduce the people’s fear they would be affected by the present disease called “Bird Flu ”.
A．whether B．which C．that D．when
11. Is the hotel offered you a job _____ you stayed the first time you arrived here?
A．which ;where B．the one ;in which C．where ;that D．the one that ;which
12. Determination is a kind of basic quality and is it takes to do jobs well.
A．what B．that C．which D．why
13.―I’d like to invite you to my birthday party this evening.
―Thanks, but ____ I’ll have time I’m not sure at the moment.
A. while B. whether C. if D. when
14. In some countries, _____ are called “public schools” are not owned by the public.
A. which B. that C. as D. what
15. Yesterday evening I came across the man _____ you think is pleased to _____.
A. who, talk B. whom, get along with C. who, work with D. whom, be talked with
16. These countries will join one another against terrorism, was agreed to at the international conference.
A．a(chǎn)s B．who C．that D．what
17. I shall never forget the day Shen Zhou V was launched , has a great effect on my life .
A．when , which B．that , which C．which ,that D．when , that
18．This is the book I bought yesterday , ______I spent 8 yuan .
A．on which B．for which C．in which D．a(chǎn)t which
19. “I’m certainly more and more to the conclusion that Iraq has, ____ they maintained（斷言）, destroyed almost all of _____ they had in the summer of 1991.” Blix said.
A. which, what B. as, which C. as, that D. as, what
20. I am afraid I am not fit for the job, because it is one requires a lot of patience.
A．who B．that C．what D．where
21. Our school is no longer ______ is was 10 years ago, _______ it was not well equipped.
A．what; which B．that; which C．what; when D．that; where
22. There is not one of us wishes to help you . We are doing our best .
A．who B．that C．a(chǎn)s D．but
23. The man showed us so heavy a stone _______ no man can lift.
A．that B．a(chǎn)s C．which D．a(chǎn)nd
24. The small mountain village we spent our holiday last month lies in is now part of
A．which where B．where, what C．that , which D．when , which
25. The famous star got injured before her concent , made her fans worried .
A．who B．that C．what D．which
26. Without facts , a person can’t form a correct opinion , for he needs to have actual knowledge his thinking .
A．which to be based on B．on which to base
C．which to be based D．which to base
27. We finally bought several books by Shakespeare, ______ is one.
A. which of them B. which of whose C. of which this D. and of them
28. You’ll have to wait for one more week, ______ the manager will be back from his trip.
A. before B. when C. as D. until
29. ____ I admire David as a poet, I do not like him as a man.
A. Only if B. If only C. As much D. Much as
30. There must be ____ with the machine.
A. something wrong serious B. something seriously wrong
C. something serious wrong D. something wrong seriously
31. He has been to
A. so have I B. so I have C. I have so D. so did I
32. Little what you said. I wish you had repeated it!
A．did I understand B．I understood
C．I did understand D．have I understood
33. Then _______ we had been looking forward to.
A．came the hour B．the hour came
C．comes the hour D．the hour is coming
34. Only when .
A．did he arrive the meeting began B．he arrived did the meeting begin
C．did he arrive the meeting begin D．he arrived the meeting began
35. No sooner _____ themselves in their seats in the theatre _______ the curtain went up.
A．they have settled; before B．had they settled; than
C．have they settled; when D．they had settled;than
36. on the top of the mountain is an ancient tower dating back to hundreds of years ago .
A．To stand B．Having stood C．Standing D．Stand
37. They have no idea at all ____.
A. what he is working on B. what is he working on
C. what did he work on D. what he is working
38．In no country other than Britain, it has been said, ____ experience four seasons in the course of a single day.
A. people can B. you can C. can it D. can one
39. The women carrying babies , come in first , ?
A．will you B．will they C．do you D．don’t you
40. ______ he met with the difficulty did he realize the importance of our help.
A. Even though B. Never until C. Only before D. Ever since
【答案與解析】
1．A
本題含有強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，若把It is???that去掉，則很容易地看出what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，what在從句中充當(dāng)主語。故選A。
2. B
when引導(dǎo)表語從句，表示時間。故選B。
3. B
at what time=when，引導(dǎo)賓語從句，when在從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語。故選B。
4. B
主語從句____made things worse 缺少主語，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。that在名詞性從句中連接詞的作用，不充當(dāng)任何成份。故選B。
5. D
they thought 為插入語，可以去掉，則就可以看出賓語從句中缺少主語。whoever=anyone who。故選D。
6. B
主語從句_____people with mental-health problem want缺少賓語，要用what引導(dǎo)，且充當(dāng)want的賓語。故選B。
7. C
他今天看起來很累，我懷疑他昨晚是否睡好了。if引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故選C。
8. D
由with sugar or milk可知是在詢問喝茶的方式，用how引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故選D。
9. C
介詞后只用whether不用if引導(dǎo)賓語從句。那要取決于我們是否能得到Mr. Green的合作。故選C。
10. C
fear后為同位語從句。在同位語從句、表語從句、主語從句中的引導(dǎo)詞that一般不省略。故選C。
11. A
把此題變?yōu)殛愂鼍浜髣t容易判斷答案。The hotel_____ offered you a job is______ you stayed the first time you arrived here. 第一個空為which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，第二個空為where引導(dǎo)的表語從句，表示地點。故選A。
12. A
表語從句it takes to jobs well缺少賓語，用what構(gòu)成“It takes sth to do sth”的句型。故選A。
13. B
賓語從句前置用what不用if，目前我不確定是否有時間，故選B。
14. D
what引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中充當(dāng)主語，相當(dāng)于the schools that???。 故選D。
15. C
關(guān)系代詞who在引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句中充當(dāng)主語，不及物動詞后若跟賓語，則需加介詞。故選C。
16. A
關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為前面的一句話，意為：正如，正像。故選A。
17. A
關(guān)系前詞when在引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。故選A。
18. A
本題考查定語從句中介詞的選用。spend some money on sth為一固定搭配。故選A。
19. D
關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句作maintain的賓語;在賓語從句中缺少賓語，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。故選D。
20. B
關(guān)系代詞that在引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句中充當(dāng)主語，指代one (the job)。故選B。
21. C
表語從句中應(yīng)用what 引導(dǎo)，充當(dāng)從句的主語，關(guān)系副詞when在引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句中作狀語，修飾先行詞10 years ago。故選C。
22. A
關(guān)系副詞when 引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，在從句中充當(dāng)狀語，修飾先行詞the days。
23. B
當(dāng)先行詞前有the same.such.so.as等修飾時，定語從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞as來引導(dǎo)。故選B。
24. B
關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞the small mountain village, 在從句中作狀語，表語從句中缺少主語，用what引導(dǎo)。 what=the place that 故選B。
25. D
關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的句子，在從句中作主語，故選D。
26. B
本題可采取增元法。把句子的后半部分補(bǔ)全為：for he needs to have actual knowledge on which he bases his thinking . base on：建立……基礎(chǔ)上。如Parents owe their children a set of solid values around which to build their lives。故選B。
27. C
分析該句可以看出，this與several books by Shakespeare有所屬關(guān)系，應(yīng)用介詞of+關(guān)系代詞which 。故選C。
28. B
關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞one more week，在從句中作狀語。故選B。
29. D
as雖然，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，應(yīng)把a(bǔ)dj.adv或n放在as之前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。故選D。
30. B
當(dāng)adj修飾something.anything. nothing等不定代詞時，應(yīng)放在不定代詞之后。故選B。
31. A
So+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/系動詞+S，表示前面所說的肯定情況適用于后者。他到美國去過兩次，我也如此。故選A。
32. A
否定詞little位于句首，句子應(yīng)用部分倒裝，助動詞位于主語之前。故選A。
33. A
here.there.then及表示位置移動的副詞up.down.out等位于句首時，句子應(yīng)用完全倒裝，謂語動詞置于主語之前。故選A。
34. B
only引導(dǎo)的狀語位于句首，主句用部分倒裝。故選B。
35. B
no sooner…than…,hardly…when…結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句應(yīng)用過去完成時的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B。
36. C
地點狀語位于句首，句子用完全倒裝。故選C。
37. A
名詞性從句.定語從句中應(yīng)用陳述語序結(jié)構(gòu)，故選A。
38. D
in no country為否定意義詞組，位于句首，主句應(yīng)用部分倒裝。
39. A
這是祈使句。有時為了指明向誰請求或命令，祈使句中也可以說出主語。祈使句的反意疑問句用will you，表示征詢對方的意見。如：
―Alice, you feed the bird today； ？ ―But I fed it yesterday. (B)
A．do you B．will you C．didn’t you D．don’t you
40. B
由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知題干用的是倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，可以排除A.D兩項，句意為：直到他遇到困難，他才知道我們幫助的重要性，應(yīng)用not/never…until結(jié)構(gòu)。
代詞、數(shù)詞、it的用法、主謂一致
1. For many seniors in some universities, the final year can be an unpleasant experience, ____that ends the campus romance.
A．which B．/ C．or D．one
2.―How much of his speech did you think you understand?
― .I wish I had worked harder.
A．Not a little B．Very few
C．Nearly everything D．Almost nothing
3. The cruelty of the Germans towards the Jews and of the Japanese towards their prisoners, filled with horror.
A．those; someone B．that; everyone
C．it; no one D．this; anyone
4. ---What an amazing film! It’s the most interesting film I’ve ever seen.
----But I’m sure it won’t interest ______.
A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody
5. The customer didn’t choose of the ties and went away without looking at a third one .
A．many B．a(chǎn)ny C．a(chǎn)ll D．either
6. ―How boring ! Is there the film ?
―Well , it’s nearly over .
A．much of B．many of C．much more of D．many more of
7. Remember everybody you meet online is a stranger. So when you can’t see a person, they could be _________.
A．everybody B．somebody C．a(chǎn)nybody D．nobody
8. My friends, after they heard what had happened to me, _____ said it sounded like an adventure.
A．a(chǎn)ll B．that C．which D．who
9. ―Is David a man with good manners ?
―I don’t think so . As a matter of fact , he is but polite .
A．something B．everything C．nothing D．a(chǎn)nything
10.―Can I help you?
―Yes, I’d like to try on some sports jackets just like ____ I’m wearing.
A. it B. one C. the one D. that
11. (2004年廣州市普通高中畢業(yè)班綜合測試)―Daddy, which of these smart hats do you like best in the hat shop?
―_______. They are both expensive and less warm-keeping.
A．Either B．Nothing C．Neither D．None
12．Students shouldn’t say “Get out” or ______ remarks.
A. some such B. such any C. so such D. any such
13.―Is Jissica a diligent student ?
―No , but she is a lazy one , if .
A．something B．everything C．a(chǎn)nything D．nothing
14. professional violinist practices for several hours a day ,but violinist has his own way of playing the Beethoven concert.
A．Any; any B．All; any C．Each; every D．Every; each
15. After the mew technique was introduced ,the factory produced in 2001 as the year before.
A．a(chǎn)s twice many machines B．twice many as machines
C．a(chǎn)s many machines twice D．twice as many machines
16. My uncle
moved to
A．in the fifties B．in the 1980s C．in his fifty D．in 1990s
17. Have you got ____ books for the train journey? It will take you
20 hours to ____ in
A. large quantities of, get B. a great deal of, stay
C. a good many of, live D. a good supply of, arrive
18. To my surprise, the game drew only a few ____ participants and spectators yesterday.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundres of D. hundreds of
19. Janet as well as the other young people who ____ sent abroad by the government ____ brought up in a small town.
A. was, was B. was, were C. were, were D. were, was
20. Nobody but the twins some interest in the project till now.
A．shows B．show C．have shown D．has shown
21. The government’s efforts to cut the homework burden of primary and middle school students _____ mixed reactions(反應(yīng)).
A．have drawn B．has drawn C．have been drawn D．has been drawn
22. When the injured to the hospital , they came to .
A．was rushed , life B．were rushed , life C．rushed , lives D．were rushed , lives
23. The schoolboys and schoolgirls are walking along the street, a small redcap .
A．each of them has B．they each have C．every wears D．each wearing
24. ―What about the books ?
―Books of this kind well .
A．sell B．sells C．a(chǎn)re sold D．is sold
25. ―Have you heard that Tom, along with his parents, ____to Japan?
―Really? No wonder I haven't seen him these days.
A. has been B. has gone C. have been D. have gone
【答案解析】
1. D
從句式結(jié)構(gòu)上可以排除A.B項，因為該句不是定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)，用or句意不合適。one替代experience ,作同位語，如（NMET2002,35）:
Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment， ______I will always treasure. [ B ] A . that B. one C. it D. what
2. D
not a little 副詞短語，“很，非�！钡囊馑肌ew修飾可數(shù)名詞，不可用來回答how much。C.D語義相反，由答語后半句可知，事實上，“我”并沒有努力學(xué)習(xí)，所以“我”幾乎聽不懂他的演講。故選D。
3. B
that 替代前面的不可數(shù)名詞cruelty ; 這種殘酷使每個人都充滿了恐懼。故選B。
4. C。
本題考查部分否定的用法。轉(zhuǎn)折詞but表明：盡管你認(rèn)為那是一部最有趣的電影，但它并不一定令每一個人都感興趣。not everybody 并非每一個人
5. D
由后面的“a third one”可知，顧客只看了兩條領(lǐng)帶，但哪條都未選。四個選項中，只有D項either用于兩者。故選D。
6. C
由句意可知，第一個人已對電影感到厭倦了，問電影是否還有許多未演？more 額外的，又，再。故選C。
7. C
由句意知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的每個人都是陌生人。所以當(dāng)你見不到他時，他可以是任何人，意即他可以充當(dāng)任何人。anybody強(qiáng)調(diào)個體，everybody 強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，somebody 某人，nobody ，沒人。故選 C。
8. A
此題可采用減元法，把a(bǔ)fter they heard what had happened to me 去掉，就非常容易地看出此題不是定語從句，all用來說明“我所有的朋友”，故選A。
9. D
由句意知，David 一點都不禮貌。nothing but 只有，除…以外什么也不, anything but. 除…以外什么都，絕不，一點也不。故選D。
10. C
it 指所替代的那一事物，one替代可數(shù)名詞，表泛指，that替代不可數(shù)名詞，均替代前面的同類事物，但不是同一個，the one 替代可數(shù)名詞，為特指概念。由句意知，此處特指“我”所穿的那種運動笳克，故選C。
11. D
由句意知，前者詢問對商店里所出售的所有帽子的看法，排除A.C。nothing 與none 的區(qū)別之處在于：none 有范圍所指，后可用of ；nothing 則沒有這種用法。同時根據(jù)句意可把句子補(bǔ)全為：I don’t like ___ of the hats .故選D。
12. D
當(dāng)such 與any , no , all , one 等連用時，such 則應(yīng)放在它們之后，構(gòu)成any such結(jié)構(gòu)，故選 D。
13. C
在if從句中，我們常用any 及其復(fù)合代詞來代替some及其復(fù)合代詞。如SBⅢ Unit 5 :What kind of advertisements do you read or watch on TV , if any ? 本句句意為：― Jissica 是一個聰明的學(xué)生嗎？――不，如果說她有點聰明的話，她也很懶惰。故選C。
14. D
由句中的謂語動詞可知所填之處應(yīng)為表單數(shù)的代詞，排除A.B兩項，every側(cè)重整體，each側(cè)重個體。由句意知：每位小提琴手每天都要訓(xùn)練幾個小時，這是共性的，整體概念，用every；但每位小提琴手又有自己的表演風(fēng)格，強(qiáng)調(diào)個體，用each，故答案為D。
15. D
表示倍數(shù).分?jǐn)?shù).百分比的詞應(yīng)放在as…as或形容詞的比較級或the n of之前，故選D。
16. B
在二十世紀(jì)八十年代的表達(dá)法為in the 1980，在某人三十多歲時的表達(dá)法為 in one’s thirties .故選B。
17. D
由books可排除B.C兩項，到達(dá)某地應(yīng)為get to…或arrive in/at…，故選D。
18. A
當(dāng)hundred.million.score等前有具體數(shù)字或a few.several等時，應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，并不加of ，故選A 。
19.D
定語從句中謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于先行詞，關(guān)系代詞who修飾的先行詞是the other young people，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞;主句的主語為Janet，主句謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故選D。
20.D
作主語的名詞后有but.except.as well as.with等詞修飾時，謂語動詞取決于作主語的名詞形式。且till now（直到現(xiàn)在）表明該句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。故選D。
21. A
本題可采用減元法。句子的主干為the government’s efforts ______ mixed reactions. 主語為復(fù)數(shù)。故選A。
22. B
the+adj/分詞表示一類人，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。come to life：蘇醒過來。故選B。
23. D
A.B兩項結(jié)構(gòu)正確，若選A.B，則必須用and連接或把“，”改為“；”，wearing作狀語，表伴隨。故選D。
24. A
主語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞books，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。sell 有銷路,銷售情況。故選A。
25. B
從句中的主語為Tom，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。由答語可知Tom到日本去了，還未回來。故選B。
介詞與連詞
1. Alone as she is, she is kept so busy with her work for women’s rights that she feels ____ lonely.
A. nothing but B. none but C. everything but D. anything but
2. They were hunting for a person him a stepping stone.
A．like; as B．like; like C．a(chǎn)s; like D．a(chǎn)s; as
3. “How could you lose so much money?”Charlie asked his wife, eyeing her angrily from the kitchen table.
A．a(chǎn)t B．a(chǎn)cross C．through D．on
4. For miles around me there was nothing but a desert, without a single plant or tree ______.
A．on earth B．for distance C．in sight D．a(chǎn)t place
5.----Is your grandpa still with you?
---No. He still prefers to live in the small mountain village ____ all its disadvantages.
A. for B. except C. with D. to
6. running , learning English needs will.
A．As with B．As to C．As for D．As if
7.
A．in honor of B．instead of C．in favor of D．by means of
8. so much electrical equipment , wood and paper in one place , there is a danger of fire .
A．For B．In C．With D．By
9. The study you have been making _____ the ancient Chinese characters is an instructive job.
A．to B．for C．of D．from
10. I haven’t seen you for a couple of days . What have you been up ?
A．in B．to C．with D．for
11. ______ all the texts that are written,stored, and sent electronically, a lot of them are still ending up op paper.
A. For B. From C. Although D. By
12.―Do you like coffee or milk?
―Both. But I prefer coffee ____ milk.
A. to B. for C. with D. from
13.―What do you mean ______ saying “The boy is overgrowing”?
―I mean that he is tall ____ his age.
A. as to, for B. by, for C. about, with D. by, to
14. The librarian promised to get the book for me ____she could remember who last borrowed it.
A. in case B. if only C. even if D. ever since
15. ―Will you go to Mary’s birthday party?
―No, ____ invited, I can’t go to it. I’ll be too busy then.
A. if B. unless C. even though D. when
16. Questions and exercises are given by the computer, which decides ______ to move the students ahead, review an easier level, ____ give more work on the same level.
A. either, or B. both, and .C. whether, or D. not only, but also
17. Hearing his words ,I couldn’t decide or remain .
A．whether to go abroad B．if I go abroad
C．if to go abroad D．to go abroad
18. he thought he was helping us with the work, he was actually in the way.
A．Although B．Unless C．Because D．When
19. ―When did he leave the classroom?
―He left you turned back to write on the blackboard.
A．the minute B．the time C．until D．before
20. _____ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.
A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While
21. Jack had traveled six miles across the Channel _____his engine failed and was forced to land on the sea .
A．when B．until C．a(chǎn)fter D．since
22. Not that I’m unwilling to lend you a hand , I’m too busy for the moment .
A．because B．but that C．but D．however
23. John waited at the bus-stop for nearly half an hour the bus finally arrived .
A．when B．a(chǎn)s C．before D．while
24. Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field , he succeeded other more well-informed experimenters failed.
A．a(chǎn)s B．unless C．what D．where
25. I thought things would get better, but it is they are getting worse.
A．before B．because C．a(chǎn)s D．a(chǎn)fter
26. ―We’re supposed to be there at 6:00?
―_______ I know.
A．As soon as B．As far as C．So long as D．As possible as
27. I was advised to arrange for insurance(保險) _______ I needed medical treatment.
A．nevertheless B．a(chǎn)lthough C．in case D．so that
28. I’m thinking about going to Germany this summer and I need your advice. You’re the best person I know to answer my questions, you’re German.
A．a(chǎn)fter B．before C．for D．unless
29. I read those words I had no idea what I was going to be and I made more efforts on writing afterwards.
A．When B．Unless C．Until D．While
30. ―It seems that his health is improving.
―Yes. It is ten years ___ he _____.
A. that, smoked B. after, didn’t smoke C. since, smoked D. before, smoked
1．【答案】：D
【解析】：anything but絕對不。盡管她是獨自一人，但她忙于婦女權(quán)益工作，以至于她絕不感到寂寞。故選D。
2．【答案】：A
【解析】：like；像；as；作為，他們正尋找像他這樣人作為墊腳石。故選A。
3．【答案】：B
【解析】：from across the kitchen：從餐桌那頭兒。如SBI L91:Today you can either fly to Abu Simbel or to take a boat from across the lake.
4．【答案】：C
【解析】：本句語義為：在視野之中，除了沙漠，什么也看不到。in sight：在視野中，看得見。故選C。
5．【答案】C
【解析】本題考查常用介詞在具體語境中的使用。該句語義為“盡管有一些不方便，他依然愿意住在小山村。”with :in spite of , despite . 盡管
6．【答案】：A
【解析】：as with正如，正像，as to 至于、關(guān)于，as for至于，就????而言，as if似乎，如像，正如跑步一樣，學(xué)習(xí)英語也需要堅強(qiáng)的意志。故選A。
7．【答案】：A
【解析】：in honor of 為了紀(jì)念…，instead of：取代，in favor of ：贊成，by means of ：通過…方式。故選A。
8．【答案】：C
【解析】：有這么多的易燃品，當(dāng)然存在著火災(zāi)危險。with表示具有。故選C。
9．【答案】：C
【解析】：of在此表示動賓關(guān)系，the study of the ancient Chinese characters再如：the use of solar energy，the discovery of America by Columbus等。故選C。
10．【答案】：B
【解析】：be to 在干什么。好久未見了，他在忙些什么？故選B。
11．【答案】：A
【解析】：本題語意環(huán)境為：對于大部分已書寫、存貯并通過電子郵件傳輸?shù)奈谋疚臋n來說，最終都將用紙打出來。for 對于????而言。故選A。
12．【答案】：C
【解析】：由both可知，“我”既喜歡咖啡，也喜歡牛奶。接著話鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，但我更喜歡牛奶加咖啡。故選C。
13．【答案】：B
【解析】：by 靠，通過；for對于???而言，你說那句話什么意思？我的意思是對于他的年齡而言，他是比較高的。
14．【答案】：B
【解析】：if only如果????，如果她能想起來上次誰借的那本書，她答應(yīng)就借給我。故選B。
15．【答案】：C
【解析】：我那時將很忙，即使她邀請我，我也不會去的，故選C。
16．【答案】：C
【解析】：whether????or????表選擇。問題的給出是為了決定是提高水平還是做同一水平的題。故選C。
17．【答案】：A
【解析】：賓語從句中既可用whether也可用if引導(dǎo)，但只有whether后接不定式。故選A
18．【答案】：A
【解析】：主從句之間存在著轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。雖然他認(rèn)為他在幫忙，實際上他卻是妨礙我們的工作。故選A。
19．【答案】：A
【解析】：the minute=as soon as，一???就???，你一轉(zhuǎn)身，他就離開了。故選A。
20．【答案】：C
【解析】：“我不擔(dān)心錢的安全問題”的前提條件是：“只要我知道錢是安全的�！盿s long as，只要。故選C。
21．【答案】：A
【解析】：when：and at this moment suddenly，正在這時突然，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。故選A。
22．【答案】：B
【解析】：not that???，but that???不是???，而是???。不是我不愿幫你，而是我目前太忙了。故選B。
23．【答案】：C
【解析】：before引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，公共汽車來之前，我已等了將近半個小時了。故選C。
24．【答案】：D
【解析】：where引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句，在別的受過良好教育的實驗者失敗的地方，他卻成功了。故選D。
25．【答案】：C
【解析】：as it is 照現(xiàn)狀看，看樣子。我本來認(rèn)為事情會變好的，但看樣子，它們正在惡化。故選C。
26．【答案】：B
【解析】：本題的語意環(huán)境為：問話人對事情不太把握，用了疑問語氣，答話人也是在闡述個人觀點，as far as I know 據(jù)我所知。故選B。
27．【答案】：C
【解析】：別人建議我入保險，以防萬一我需要醫(yī)療措施。in case：以防萬一，萬一，因為可能發(fā)生某事。故選C。
28．【答案】：C
【解析】：你之所以是最合適的人選來回答我去德國旅游應(yīng)注意的問題，是因為你是德國人嘛！for引導(dǎo)并列句，對前面的事實做出解釋說明。故選C。
29．【答案】：C
【解析】：本句句意為：直到我讀了這些話，我才知道我將來干什么。些題是not???until的變式結(jié)構(gòu)。故選C。
30．【答案】：C
【解析】：在It’s???since???句中，若動詞為延續(xù)性動詞，則表示其動詞的反義概念。It’s 10 years since he smoked.表示他已戒煙十年了。等于It’s 10 years since he gave up smoking. 故選C。
動詞及動詞短語
1．The news was a terrible blow to her, but she will _____ the shock soon.
A. get out B. get through C. get off D. get over
2.The sound of the music ____louder and louder as the band marched nearer to me.
A. grew B. felt C. appeared D. remained
3. Off the east, the sky looked pale enough to ____ the storm would be passing quickly.
A. suggest B. report C. prove D. explain
4.―Have you finished your homework yet?
―Not yet, I ___ to do it just a few minutes ago.
A. get down B. set out C. set about D. set up
5．The thing that _____ is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.
A. matters B．cares C．considers D．minds
6.―So how is your new roommate?
―She really _____. She’s always making loud noises at midnight and when I remind her,she always makes rude remarks.
A. turns me off B. turns me down C. turns me out D. turns me over
7. To be honest, I don’t quite ____ with you some general views on the weather.
A. did B. allow C. bother D. share
8. Don’t mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may ____ the shocking ending.
A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off
9. The old houses are being pulled down to ____ a new office block.
A. supply with B. make use of C. make room for D. take the place of
10. It is fashionable to drive a car, but to drive a car is not nearly as difficult as it is imagined on condition that you ________ the specialized rules.
A. give up B．stick to C．insist on D．connect to
11. Will you my composition to find out whether I’ve made any spelling mistakes?
A. look through B．look on C．look up D．look out of
12. As is known to us all, failure usually _ __ laziness while diligence can ______ success.
A. results from, lie in B. results in, result from
C. leads to, lie in D. results from, result in
13. He has been fired and will have to over charge of his office tomorrow.
A. take B．hand C．get D．go
14. His aunt’s letters him of those beautiful days when they used to live together in his hometown.
A. call up B．call for C．call on D．call at
15. ―Did you reach the top of the mountain?
―Yes. Even I myself didn’t believe I could it.
A. work B．climb C．get D．make
16. In Britain today women 44% of the workforce, and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.
A. build up B．make up C．take up D．send up
17. We trust you ; only you can him to give up smoking .
A. suggest B．a(chǎn)ttract C．a(chǎn)dvise D．persuade
18. ―Have a good rest ; you need to your energy for the football match this afternoon .
―Thanks a lot .
A. leave B．save C．hold D．get
19. In that country, guests usually feel that they are not highly ________ if the invitation to a dinner party is given only three or four days before the party date．
A. regarded B. thought C. admired D. concerned
20. Difficulties and hardships have ________ the best character of the young geologist.
A. brought in B. brought up C. brought out D. brought about
21. Our daughter doesn’t know what to at the university ; she can’t make up her mind about her future .
A. take in B．take up C．take over D．take on
22. Ling Feng won the first prize in the national English competition and I’m glad that her efforts at last ________.
A. worked out B．got back C
2009高考英語閱讀理解復(fù)習(xí)專練
（I）
Recently the World Health Organization announced that the disease of smallpox（天花）had almost been wiped out in most parts of the world，thanks to widespread vaccination（種牛痘）．Most people are vaccinated at least once in their lives and if they wish to travel from one country to another they must be able to prove that they have had a recent vaccination．In this way the disease has been prevented from spreading and today one seldom hears of it at all．
This is mainly because of the great discovery made by a village doctor，Edward Jenner，in about 1798 when he published his report of his new experiment called vaccination（from the word“vacca”meaning a cow）．Jenner discovered that people who worked with cattle often suffered from a harmless disease which they caught from the cattle，but these people never seemed to get smallpox．So he experimented by putting the disease into a small opening on the arms of healthy people，and though their arms became painful for a day or two，they soon recovered and none of these people ever got smallpox．
So the news of the wonderful discovery spread to other countries and people rushed to their doctors to be vaccinated．In many countries the simple way to deal with the arm was done on thousands of people，and the terrible smallpox began to disappear．
1．Which of the following is an ineffectual way of preventing the spread of smallpox？
A．Most people were vaccinated against the disease at least once．
B．People going abroad should promise not to spread the disease．
C．People travelling from one country to another must prove they are vaccinated．
D．People must be vaccinated shortly before going to foreign countries．
2．The doctor's new discovery was called “vaccination”for the reason that ____ ．
A．he discovered smallpox near a farm B．he experimented with a disease from the cattle
C．he was working with cattle in the countryside
D．people got the disease of smallpox from the cattle
3．The news of the discovery ____ ．
A．caught people's attention from all corners of the world
B．spread far and near in the western countries
C．made people rush to Dr Jenner for vaccination
D．helped to get rid of the terrible disease of smallpox
（II）
Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space．The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural（文化的）difference，not an economic（經(jīng)濟(jì)的）one．Knowing your own psychological（心理的）space needs is important because they strongly affect your choices，including，for example，the number of bedrooms in the home．If you were brought up in a two-child family and both you and your sister or brother had your own bedrooms，the chances are，if you have two children or more，that you also will offer separate bedrooms for them．In America，for example，they train people to want to have their own rooms by giving them their own rooms when they are babies．This is very rare in the world．In many other countries，the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in a bed near them．
The space in the home also shows a lot about psychological space needs．Some families gather closer to each other and the size of their house has nothing to do with it．Others have separate little corners where family members go to be alone．
Although it is true that psychological space needs are not decided by economic reasons，they sometimes have to be changed a little because of economic pressures．It is almost impossible，however，to completely change your psychological space needs．
1．The first sentence in Paragraph 1“Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space”means“____ ”．
A．No two people need exactly the same amount of living space
B．Living space requirements are not always the same
C．The world requires the same amount of living space
D．Nobody needs a required amount of living space
2．Some families gather closer to each other at home than others because ____ ．
A．they have limited living space B．they are brought up in a large family
C．it satisfies their psychological space needs
D．the children in the family sleep in the same bed with their parents
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？
A．Americans are trained to live in large rooms at birth．
B．Economic situation decides one's amount of space needs．
C．People in various countries demand different psychological space．
D．Knowing your psychological space needs is important，as it affects your future．
4．The best title for the passage is ____．
A．American Way of Living B．Psychological Space C．Space Needs in Different Countries D．Psychological Space and Economic Pressure
（III）
If you want to stay young，sit down and have a good think．This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors，who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise―and as a result，we are growing old unnecessarily soon．
Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why quite healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason（推理）at a rather early age，and how the speed of getting old could be slowed down．
With a team of researchers at Tokyo National University，he set about measuring brain volumes（容量）of a thousand people of different ages with different jobs．
Computer technology helped the researchers to get most exact measurements of the volume of the front and side parts of the brain，which have something to do with intellect（智力）and feelings，and decide the human character．As we all know，the back part of the brain，which controls tasks like eating and breathing，does not contract（萎縮）with age．
Contraction of front and side parts―as cells（細(xì)胞）die off―was seen in some people in their thirties，but it was still not found in some sixty and seventy-year-olds．
Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple way to prevent the contraction―using the head．
The findings show that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns．Those with least possibility，says Matsuzawa，are lawyers，followed by university professors and doctors．White collar workers doing the same work day after day in government offices are，however as possible to have contracting brains as the farm worker，bus driver and shop assistant．
1．The team of doctors wanted to find out ____ ．
A．a(chǎn)t what point people grow mentally old B．how to make people live longer
C．the size of certain people's brains D．which people are the most clever
2．The doctors' tests show that ____ ．
A．our brains contract as we grow older B．one part of the brain does not contract
C．sixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year-olds
D．some people's brains have contracted earlier than other people's
3．According to the article，____ are growing old earlier than people who live in the cities．
A．farmers B．office clerks C．shop assistants D．bus drivers
4．The most possible conclusion of the passage is that ____ ．
A．most of us should take more exercise B．it's better to live in the town
C．the brain contracts if it is not used D．the more one uses his brain，the sooner he becomes old
（IV）
Bill Robinson is on trial for murder（因謀殺而受審）．He grew up in a small town in Ohio and then went to Kent State University for one year．When he was nineteen years old，he was asked to join the army and was soon sent to fight in Vietnam．He was very unhappy there as he hated the war and he hated killing people．Two years later he returned home and tried to pick up where he had left off，but things were never quite the same again for the young black man．For one thing，he always had terrible dreams about the war．He could not concentrate on his studies and soon he had to leave school．Then he was fired from one job after another．He wanted to meet someone nice and get married，but he just couldn't seem to get close to anyone．He became angry easily and people avoided him．He was always lonely．Finally one day，while eating at a restaurant，Bill lost control of himself and shot someone for no reason at all．Bill's lawyer hopes that he will not be held responsible for the shooting．He hopes that the judge and the jury（陪審團(tuán)）will understand that Bill was“temporarily insane（一時精神錯亂）”and did not really choose to kill anyone．
1．What did Bill Robinson do after he returned from abroad？
A．He gave up the chance to go back to college． B．He tried to go back to his normal life．
C．He picked up his things and left again． D．He found what he had dreamed of．
2．He failed to complete his college education because he ____ ．
A．hated school B．joined the army
C．didn't study hard D．found it difficult to keep his mind on his studies
3．He never married because ____ ．
A．there were no nice girls around B．he didn't care to meet any girls
C．he hadn't met girls that he liked D．he found it hard to make friends with girls
4．The best title for this article is ____ ．
A．Robinson on Trial B．Murder at a Restaurant
C．A Young Black Man D．A Victim of the Vietnam War
（V）
There are warm tropical regions all over the globe，but only the Indians of the South American rain forests have formed the habit of sleeping in the open air．Long before they made painful acquaintance（相識） with Europeans，they had invented something that was unique on earth ：the hammock．
Nobody really knows who first had bright idea of making sleeping in the air the symbol of untroubled rest．The Indians see the hammock as a“gift of heaven（上天）”， something given to them a very long time ago．
In it the Indians pass away hot noon hours，napping or chatting．Swinging it to and fro（來回擺動）creates a cooling breath of air and keeps away insects．They work and play in hammocks，are born and die there．
Hung like a suspension bridge between heaven and earth，a hammock is dry while the soil is damp and is safe from most wild animals．
Hammocks have the advantage over beds in that they are easy to transport and take up very little space when they have been rolled up（卷起）．Indians never go on a journey without their hammocks，not even to their plantations．
1．The word“hammock”in this passage means ____ ．
A．a(chǎn) suspension cage which can be swung to and fro in the air
B．a(chǎn) seat hanging by two ropes from the branch of a tree
C．a(chǎn) suspension bridge in the South American rain forests
D．a(chǎn) net hung between two supports and used as a bed
2．Indians swing the hammock to ____ ．
A．pray to heaven for a gift B．keep away flies，mosquitoes and other insects
C．keep away wild animals D．fall asleep quickly
3．According to the passage ，hammocks ____ ．
A．cannot be rolled up B．a(chǎn)re difficult to transport
C．a(chǎn)re never brought to the plantations D．can be kept dry while the ground is wet
4．The passage is about ____ ．
A．the Indian way of living B．tropical regions
C．Indians' gift for the Europeans D．a(chǎn) portable bed
（VI）
McGill Comedy Club
Important meeting today．Discussion
on putting on Blazing Saddles．Union room
302，3―4 p．m．New members（both actors and non-actors，living and dead）are welcome．
History Students' Association
Prof．Michael Cross of Dalhousie
University will be speaking on“ Unskilled Labours on Rivers and Canals in
Upper Canada，1820― 1850：The Beginnings of Class Struggle” at
Design Mirror Sale
All types and sizes of design mirrors priced to please．Sale today in Union room 108．
McGill Teaching Assistants' Association
A general meeting，for all the TAs，will be held at 4p．m．in Leacock 116．
Women's Union
Important．General meeting at 6p．m． Union room 423．Speaker on “Importance of Deciding Basic Goals of the Women's Union”．Everyone，old， new and
those interested，please attend．
Film Society
Last meeting of the term for all members． All
managers are required to be present．6p．m．sharp，Union room
434．
Canadian University Students
Overseas
CUSO presents “Guess Who's Coming to Breakfast” at 7p．m．Newman Centre，3484Peel．Find out about CUSO here and
overseas．Everyone welcome．
1．Where can you probably find this text？
A．In a school magazine． B．In a national paper．
C．In a guide book． D．In a university daily newspaper．
2．If you are interested in arts，where would you go for a visit？
A．Leacock 116． B．Union room 423．
C．Union room 108． D．Newman Center，3484 Peel．
3．Which of the following is the name of a play？
A．Blazing Saddles．
B．Guess Who's Coming to Breakfast．
C．Importance of Deciding Basic Goals of the Women's Union．
D．Unskilled Labours on Rivers and Canals in Upper Canada，1820―1850．
(VII）
When prices are low，people will buy more，and when prices are high，they will buy less．Every shopper knows this．But at the same time，producers want higher prices for their goods when they make more goods．According to the economic（經(jīng)濟(jì)的）point of view，changes in the prices of goods cause changes in supply and demand． As is shown in the graph（圖表），people buy fewer shoes as the price of shoes goes up．On the contrary，a decrease in the price causes an increase in demand．
Business firms look for the perfect price at which the largest profits（利潤）can be made．If the price of the shoes goes up to?50，the consumers（消費者）will not buy all of 3，000 shoes．The producers will have a surplus（剩余）of 2，000 shoes and they can only get?50，000．If the price of the shoes is lowered to?10，as many as 5，000 shoes can be sold．Still，only?50，000 is made．
1．According to this article，the main idea of the first paragraph is that ____ ．
A．the lower the price is，the less people will buy
B．producers want to make more money by making fewer goods
C．every shopkeeper knows the price for goods
D．how changes in prices of shoes affect the number of shoes sold
2．From the passage，we can conclude that ____ is the best price for the producers to sell the shoes which are worth the highest price．
A.30 B
3．Which of the following is the best title for the passage？
A．Producers and Goods B．Price and Quality C．Shopkeepers and Shoes D．Supply and Demand
（VIII）
New York，10 November―5：27pm，yesterday．Biggest power failure in the city's history．
＊Thousands of people got stuck in lifts．Martin Saltzman spent three hours between the 21st and 22nd floors of the Empire State Building．“There were twelve of us．But no one panicked．We passed the time telling stories and playing word games． One man wanted to smoke but we didn't let him．Firemen finally got us out．”
＊“It was the best night we've ever had，”said Angela Carraro，who runs an Italian restaurant on 42nd Street．“We had lots of candles on the tables and the waiters were carrying candles on their trays．The place was full―and all night，in fact，for after we had closed，we let the people stay on and spend the night here．”
＊The zoos had their problems like everyone else．Keepers worked through the night．They used blankets to keep flying squirrels and small monkeys warm．While zoos had problems keeping warm，supermarkets had problems keeping cool．“All of our ice cream and frozen foods melted，”said the manager of a store in downtown Manhattan．“They were worth ＄50,000．”
＊The big electric clock in the lobby（大廳）of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in downtown Manhattan started ticking（滴答） again at 5：25 this morning．It was almost on time．
1．Throughout the period of darkness，Martin Saltzman and the eleven others were ____ ．
A．nervous B．excited C．calm D．frightened
2．In what way was the night of November 9 the best night for Angela Carraro？
A．She had a taste of adventure． B．Burning candles brightened the place．
C．Business was better than usual． D．Many people stayed the night in her restaurant．
3．How long did the power failure last？
A．Nearly 12 hours． B．More than 12 hours． C．Nearly 24 hours． D．More than 24 hours．
閱讀理解專練答案
（I） 【解題思路與答案】
這是一篇具有科普性質(zhì)的說明文，說明了種牛痘防治天花的始末。第1題屬細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題，A、C、D三個選項的內(nèi)容都可在第一段找到，而“去國外的人應(yīng)該保證不傳播這種疾病”在文中找不到根據(jù)，故選項B正確。第2題屬細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題，第二段第1句．．．vaccination（from the word“vacca”meaning a cow）即本題答案出處，故選B正確。第3題屬細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。由第三段第1句可知，這一消息傳到其它國家，不僅僅是西方國家，所以排除選項B；人們是到醫(yī)生那里去種牛痘，而不是到Jenner醫(yī)生那里去種牛痘，故排除選項C；“vaccination”而不是“the news”可使人們免于“天花”這一疾病，故排除選項D。通過細(xì)節(jié)的認(rèn)定，本題正確答案是A。
（II）【解題思路與答案】
本篇短文屬議論文體裁。第1題屬細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題，第一段第1句Not every-one．．．屬部分否定，而選項A、D屬全部否定，選項C為全部肯定，故選項B正確。第2題為推理判斷題，第二段第1句 The space．．．（家庭空間也在很大程度上表明了人們心理空間的需要），由此可推理出選項C正確。第3題屬推理判斷題，通過第一段后三句美國與其它國家在對嬰兒居室的不同安排上，可推斷選項C正確。第4題屬概括主題思想題。選項A、D分別在第一段和第三段中出現(xiàn)過，并非全文的主旨大意，選項C也不是全文的主旨大意。選項B概括了全文的主題，故選B正確。
（III）【解題思路與答案】
本篇短文屬科普題材。第1題屬概括主題思想題。選項B意為“如何使人長壽”；選項C意為“某些人大腦的大小”；選項D意為“哪些人最聰明”。這三個選項的內(nèi)容都不是全文的主旨大意，只有選項A才概括了全文的主旨大意，故本題選A正確。第2題屬細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題，第五段即本題答案出處。有些人三十幾歲時前腦和側(cè)腦萎縮，但有些六、七十歲的人大腦還沒萎縮。也就是說，有些人大腦萎縮比其他人早，即選項D正確。第3題屬細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題，第二段和短文最后一句即本題答案出處，正確答案是A。第4題屬概括主題思想題。選項A意為“我們大多數(shù)人應(yīng)該多鍛煉”，并非全文的主題；選項B意為“最好住在城里”，這與大腦萎縮無關(guān)；選項D與本文觀點恰好相反，故本題選項C正確，“大腦不用就會萎縮”正是本文主題。
（IV）【解題思路與答案】
本篇短文屬記敘文體裁，簡要敘述了 Bill Robinson的生平經(jīng)歷，分析了Bill Robinson開槍殺人的原因。第1題屬細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題，短文第5句即本題答案出處，正確答案是B。第2題屬細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題，從短文第7句He could not concentrate on his studies and soon．．．可得出本題正確答案是D。第3題屬推理判斷題。從短文第9句可知，他想結(jié)識某個漂亮的女孩子并與其結(jié)婚，但他無法與人接近，所以可推斷出，他未婚的原因是“他發(fā)現(xiàn)很難交女友”，故正確答案是D。第4題屬概括主題思想題。作者在短文中主要描寫了Bill Robinson參加越南戰(zhàn)爭后的表現(xiàn)及心理變化，因此，用《一名越戰(zhàn)受害者》作為本篇短文的題目最能概括全文的主旨大意，故正確答案為D。
（V）【解題思路與答案】
本文屬史地文化類題材。第1題屬猜測詞義題，第一段第1句．．．the habit of sleeping in the open air，第三段第1句 ．．．napping or chatting，第三段第2句 Swinging it to and fro．．．，第四段第1句 Hung like a suspension bridge．．．，以上短語和句子則暗示出，hammock是懸在兩個支架或樹之間當(dāng)作床用的“吊床”，故正確答案是D。第2題屬細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。從第三段第2句．．．keeps away insects可得出正確答案為B。第3題屬細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。從第四段．．．a(chǎn) hammock is dry while the soil is damp．．．可知，本題正確答案是D。第4題屬概括主題思想題。本文最后一段的兩句話是對短文的最好總結(jié)，本文記述的是“一種可攜帶的床”，本題正確答案是D。
（VI）【解題思路與答案】
本篇短文是一份海報，屬應(yīng)用文體裁。第1題屬推理判斷題，文中所含的七部分內(nèi)容中都涉及到學(xué)校內(nèi)容，因此可排除B、C兩個選項；又根據(jù)這七部分內(nèi)容中只有時間，而沒有年、月、日，便可斷定它不是一份雜志，而是一份日報，故本題選D正確。第2題是細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。七部分內(nèi)容中，只有Design Mirror Sale一欄中提到design mirrors，因此正確答案是C。第3題屬推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一欄中“putting on”和“．．．a(chǎn)re welcome”可判斷“Blazing Saddles”是短劇，故正確答案為A。
（VII）【解題思路與答案】
這是一篇圖表題材的短文。第1題屬概括主題思想題，第一段主要講的是鞋的價格變化對其銷量的影響，正確答案是D。第2題屬推理判斷題，根據(jù)各價位售鞋數(shù)的比率可計算出只有30美元一雙鞋才可獲得最高的價值，即9萬美元，故選A正確。第3題屬概括主題思想題，本文通過揭示商品價格這一經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律，主要說明商品的生產(chǎn)者與消費者之間的供求關(guān)系，正確答案是D。
（VIII）【解題思路與答案】
本篇短文屬新聞報道類題材。第1題屬細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。從But no one panicked． We passed the time telling stories and playing word games．可知，選項C正確。第2題是推理判斷題。由The place was full― and all night．．．可知，顧客在飯店里享受著燭光晚宴，并在此處過夜，生意顯然比平常更好，故正確答案是C。第3題屬推理判斷題。文章第一句即交待了開始停電的時間是“5：27pm，yesterday”，由短文最后一段可知來電時間，即電子鐘開始走的時間是“5：25 this morning”，由此推斷選項A正確。
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