2008年江蘇省金湖中學(xué)09屆高三測(cè)試
歷史試卷
2008.9.10
本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分，滿分120分，考試用時(shí)100分鐘。
注意事項(xiàng)：
1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考號(hào)填寫在答題上。
2．選擇題每小題選出答案后，用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆填寫在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答題框內(nèi)；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案；不能答在第1卷上。
3．非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卷各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)的相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案無效。
4．考生必須保持答案卷的整潔，考試結(jié)束后，將答案卷一并收回。
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，共60分）
鎮(zhèn)海中學(xué)
2008 學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期中考試高三年級(jí)
英語試卷
第一部分 聽力 (共兩節(jié)。滿分30分)
第一節(jié)（共5 小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In an office. B. In a library. C. In a bookstore.
2. Where did the speakers plan to go?
A. A shopping center. B. An opera house. C. The parking lot.
3. Which aspect of the film does the woman like?
A. The plot. B. The music. C. The dialogue.
4. What do we know about the woman’s jacket?
A. It is sold at a lower price.
B. Its color is her favorite.
C. It is her sister’s size.
5. What does the woman imply?
A. The man is so forgetful.
B. The man is too careless.
C. The man is over confident.
第二節(jié)（共15 小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前后，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. What makes the man so tired?
A. Playing games.
B. Surfing the Internet.
C. Searching for interesting people.
7. Whom did the man chat with?
A.
People from
B. People in need of his help.
C. People on the same project.
聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。
8. What does the law forbid people to do?
A. To take dogs to parks.
B. To walk dogs in the streets.
C. To treat dogs cruelly.
9. What do we know from what the woman said?
A. Dogs should be kept at home.
B. Building a dog park is necessary.
C. People would remove the dog waste.
聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。
10. According to the man, what did he do before he watched TV?
A. He washed his hands.
B. He had his supper.
C. He took a path.
11. What place had the man been to the night before?
12. What does the man try to do in the conversation?
A. To prove the truth. B. To find the truth. C. To hide the truth.
聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。
13. Why did the son come back late?
A. He hurt his hands and knees.
B. He went to a pub with Linda.
C. He waited a long time for the bus.
14. What was the old lady doing in the middle of the road?
A. Looking for something.
B. Struggling to sand up.
C. Trying to seek help.
15. What happened to Linda?
A. She was fired. B. She got injured. C. She had an accident.
16. Where was the witness?
A. Outside the pub. B. At a bus stop. C. In his car.
聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。
17. What’s the problem of some of the university students?
A. They don’t spend all their time on studies.
B. They don’t know what to do with their free time.
C. They don’t have choices for outside class activities.
18. How is the students’ high school life?
A. Controlled and busy.
B. Regular and colorful.
C. Active and independent.
19. According to the speaker, what is the role of outside class activities at university?
A. To make students healthier.
B. To improve students’ test scores.
C. To enrich students’ experience.
20. What does the speaker advise his students to do?
A. Learn to enjoy themselves.
B. Learn to be their own masters.
C. Learn to develop their potential.
第二部分 英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）
第一節(jié) 單項(xiàng)填空 (共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)
21. _______ person like him won’t be satisfied with _______ little progress that he has made.
A. The; a B. The; / C. A; / D. A; the
22. out of the difficult situation, the restaurant is now making efforts to improve the quality of service.
A. To get B. Got C. Having got D. Getting
23. ―Hadn’t your sheep gone much farther ______ you caught up with them?
―No, and we found ______ only two of them that were frozen to death.
A. when; it were B. until; it were C. before; it was D. as; there was
24. ______ of the land in that district _______ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are
25. His idea of having weekly family meals together, which seemed quite difficult at first, has _______ many good changes in their lives.
A. resulted from B. brought about C. took place D. got through
26. It is in that poor village, _______ Mary lived and worked 15 years ago, _______ she will build her first school, which inspires everyone to help her.
A. where; when B. that; that C. that; when D. where; that
27. The most exciting thing for him was_____ he finally found two tinned fruits in_____ seemed to him to be a servant's bedroom.
A. that; what B. what; what C. that; that D. what; that
28. -------______ Henry have left already?
-------He ______, for he always has good manners.
A．Must; needn’t have left B．Might; couldn’t have left
C．May; mustn’t have left D．Could; can’t have left
29. I feel sure that _______ qualification, ability and experience, you are abundantly suited to the position we have in mind.
A. regardless of B. in spite of C. in terms of D. by means of
30. ― I saw no more than one motor car in that shop. Will you go and buy _______?
― No, I’d rather find _______ in other shops.
A. one; one B. it; one C. one; it D. it; it
31. The telephone____ four times in the last twenty minutes，and each time it___for my roommate.
A. rang；has been B. has been ringing；is
C. had rung；was D. has rung；was
32. ------I didn’t invite him to the party but he came anyway and got completely drunk.
-------_______ he hadn’t come! The party could have been a success.
A. How come B. If only C. What if D. Only if
33. ------ John, I can' t play tennis at all. I wonder if you could teach me.
-----______. Just name the day.
A. I'm glad B. Go ahead C. If you like it D. With pleasure
34. ----- Are you satisfied with your interview yesterday?
----Oh, not a little．I can’t feel _____.There ____ be a bright future ahead of me.
A. any better; should B. any worse; could
C. any well; shall D. any badly; can
35. With two more professional hands _____ you with the work later on, scarcely will you have trouble _______ your task ahead of time.
A. helping…completing B. help…to complete
C. will help…completed D. to help…completing
第二節(jié) 完型填空 （共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）
When I entered
When I took the first exam, I was 38 to find a 77, C-plus, on my test paper, 39 English was my best subject. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained _ 40 .
I decided to try harder, although I didn’t know what that 41 because school had always been easy for me. I read the books more carefully, but got another 77. Again, I 42 with Professor Jayne. Again, he listened patiently but wouldn’t change his 43 .
One more test before the final exam. One more 44 to improve my grade. So I redoubled my efforts and, for the first time, 45 the meaning of the word “thorough”. But my 46 did no good and everything 47 as before.
The last hurdle (障礙) was the final. No matter what 48 I got, it wouldn’t cancel three C-pluses. I might as well kiss the 49 goodbye.
I stopped working hard. I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would. The night before the final, I even 50 myself to a movie. The next day I decided for once I’d have 51 with a test.
A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A. I hurried into Professor Jayne’s office. He 52 to be expecting me. “If I gave you the As you 53 , you wouldn’t continue to work as hard.”
I stared at him, 54 that his analysis and strategy were correct. I had worked my head off, as I had never done before.
I was speechless when my course grade arrived: A-plus. It was the only A-plus given. The next year I received my scholarship. I’ve always remembered Professor Jayne’s lesson: you alone must set your own __55__of excellence.
36. A. take B. discuss C. cover D. get
37. A. sought B. presented C. exchanged D. obtained
38. A. shocked B. worried C. scared D. anxious
39. A. but B. so C. for D. or
40. A. unhappy B. unpleasant C. unfriendly D. unmoved
41. A. reflected B. meant C. improved D. affected
42. A. quarreled B. reasoned C. bargained D. chatted
43. A. attitude B. mind C. plan D. view
44. A. choice B. step C. chance D. measure
45. A. memorized B. considered C. accepted D. learned
46. A. ambition B. confidence C. effort D. method
47. A. stayed B. went C. worked D. changed
48. A. grade B. answer C. lesson D. comment
49. A. scholarship B. course C. degree D. subject
51. A. fun B. luck C. problems D. tricks.
52. A. happened B. proved C. pretended D. seemed
53. A. valued B. imagined C. expected D. welcomed
54. A. remembering B. guessing C. supposing D. realizing
55.A. standard B. point C. way D. reason
第三部分 閱讀理解（共20小題，每小題2分，滿分40分）
A
Problem Page
Dear Lifeline,
I shall be getting married in August．My mother wants me to have a white wedding in church, because I am the only daughter, and she wants me to have the kind of wedding that she had．I , on the other hand, would like to have a simple wedding and a small party afterwards for my immediate family and close friends．I don’t want my parents to go to a lot of expense just for one day; I’d rather they spent the money on things that my husband and I will need, that will last us for many years．
Do you agree with me that this is a reasonable point of view? Can you think of a way in which I might persuade my parents to think as I do ?
Yours,
Money-Conscious
Dear Money-Conscious,
We agree that your point of view is reasonable; but reason isn’t everything. Your parents clearly do not mind ‘going to a lot of expense’, as you put it. They would mind more if you prevented them from doing so. There is, in fact, no reason why a white wedding in church should cost a lot of money. Such a wedding can be very simple, yet it can give you the sort of happy memories that your mother has of her own wedding day．
We suggest you meet your mother halfway. Have a simple church wedding and a simple party afterwards. If it means so much to your mother, perhaps you owe it to her to do as she wishes. We are sure that you will not regret it．
Dear lifeline,
I have known my girlfriend for six years. The other day, I asked her to marry me, certain that I knew what the answer would be. But she said she wanted to think about it．
I shall be going on holiday soon, and I hoped she would come with me; but now she says she’d rather go on holiday with a friend of hers. Am I losing her?
Yours,
Deeply Worried
Dear Deeply Worried,
Perhaps you were too certain of your girlfriend. Six years is a long time. Perhaps you have been in each other’s packets for too long. Give yourselves a holiday from each other, and then ask her again on your return. We think you will find that she will give you the answer that you want．
56. It is the purpose of the Problem Page to _____.
A．write letters to lonely, troubled people
B．try to find answers to readers’ problems
C．a(chǎn)sk readers to give their answers to problems
D．send questions to readers for their answers
57. “Money-Conscious” would like her parents to _____.
A． go to a lot of expense not to buy what she will need
B． give her and her husband the money instead of a church wedding
C． give her money over a period of years
D． spend the money on useful presents rather than on the wedding
58. “Lifeline” suggests a simple church wedding because ______.
A．this is the least expensive kind of wedding
B．you cannot be reasonable about something like a wedding
C．it can be inexpensive yet provide a lifetime’s memories
D．it is the simplest, yet happiest sort of wedding
59. “Deeply Worried” was worried that ______.
A． he might lose his girl-friend while they were on holiday together
B． his girlfriend was losing interest in him
C． he had known his girl-friend for too long
D． he would have to go away on holiday by himself
B
Which is safer --- staying at home, traveling to work on public transport, or working at the office? Surprisingly, each of these carries the same risk, which is very low. However, what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the latter! In fact the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home.
The trouble
with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death
to those living nearby. It is this that chemical accidents so newsworthy.
Fortunately, they are extremely rare. The most famous ones happened at
Some of these
are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small.
No one died at Seveso, and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was
Some experts
have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a
particular danger. Thus the
60. According to the passage, the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at _________.
A.
61. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Working at the office is safer than staying at home.
B. Travelling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office.
C. Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry.
D. Working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air.
62. From the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of _____.
A. natural gas, which can easily catch fire
B. fertilizer, which can't be stored in a great quantity
C. poisonous substance, which can't be used in overcrowded areas
D. fuel, which is stored in large tanks
63. From the discussion among some experts we may conclude that _____.
A. to avoid any accident we should not repair the facilities in chemical industry
B. the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the
chemical industry
C. all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measures
had been taken
D. natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe
C
Although man has known about asbestos(石棉) for many hundreds of years, it was not until 160 years ago that it was mined for the first time on the North American continent. H. W. Johns, owner of a New York City Supply Shop for roofers, was responsible for the opening of that first mine.
Mr, Jonhs was given a piece of asbestos which had been found in
ordinary
work gloves, he took red-hot coals from the fireplace and played with them in
his hands. How astonished the customers were to discover that he was not burned
at all. You can well imagine that he had increasing business in asbestos
roofing materials. However, because it was very expensive to
transport(carry)them from
Ever since 1881
Scientists do not know why the rock can be separated easily into threads, but they have found thousands of uses for this fireproof material, of the called the “cloth of stone”.
64. The title that best expresses the main idea of this passage is _____.
A. Asbestos
mined in
C. A “Wonder” mineral D. A new roofing material
65. Johns proved his ability as a salesman by ______.
A. going into
the roofing business B.
carrying asbestos from
C. sending a trained scientist D. showing the use of asbestos gloves
66. Which is the most important character of asbestos that the author wants to show
us?
A. It is like thread B. It feels soapy
C. It burns easily D. It is unusually heavy
67. The author’s main purpose in writing this passage was to______.
A. show the need for more scientists B. compare asbestos with other minerals
C. increase the sales of asbestos D. present facts about asbestos
D
Nuclear power's danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be described in one word; radiation. Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly because it cannot be detected by human senses. It can't be seen or heard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example, radio waves are all around us but we can't detect them, sense them, without a radio receiver. Similarly, we can't sense radioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.
At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being outright by killing masses of cells in important organs. But even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no level of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be significant. This is the case when
only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed outright. Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in trouble. They reproduce themselves in an unusual way. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.
This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation. Serious damage can be done without the knowledge of the person at the time that damage has occurred. A person can be irradiated(放射治療) and feel fine, then die of cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be born weak or easy to get serious illness as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents.
Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth.
68. According to the passage, the danger of nuclear power lies in __________.
A. nuclear mystery B. radiation detection
C. radiation level D. nuclear radiation
69. Radiation can lead to serious results even at the lowest level ________.
A. when it kills few cells
B. if it damages few cells
C. though the damaged cells can repair themselves
D. unless the damaged cells can reproduce themselves
70. Radiation can hurt us in the way that it can _____.
A. kill large numbers of cells in main organs so as to cause death immediately
B. damage cells which may grow into cancer years later
C. affect the healthy growth of our younger generation
D. lead to all of the above results
71. Which of the following can be best inferred from the passage?
A. The importance of protection from radiation cannot be overemphasized
B. The mystery about radiation remains unsolved.
C. Cancer is mainly caused by radiation.
D. Radiation can hurt those who do not know about its danger.
E
One of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might some day get lost in a “sea of technology” rather than experiencing the natural world．Fear-producing TV and computer games are leading to a serious disconnect between kids and the great outdoors, which will change the wild places of the world, its creatures and human health for the worse, unless adults get working on child’s play.
Each of us has a place in nature we go sometimes, even if it was torn down. We cannot be the last generation to have that place. At this rate, kids who miss the sense of wonder outdoors will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes.“If the decline in parks use continues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment（蠶食）?”asks Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods.
Without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive （認(rèn)知的） skills. Experts predict modern kids will have poorer health than their parents―and they say a lack of outside play is surely part of it; research suggests that kids do better academically in schools with a nature component and that play in nature fosters （培養(yǎng)） leadership by the smartest, not by the toughest. Even a tiny outdoor experience can create wonder in a child．The three-year-old turning over his first rock realizes he is not alone in the world．A clump of trees on the roadside can be the whole universe in his eyes. We really need to value that more.
Kids are not to blame. They are over-protected and frightened．It is dangerous out there from time to time, but repetitive stress from computers is replacing breaking an arm as a childhood rite（儀式）of passage.
Everyone, from developers, to schools and outdoorsy citizens, should help regain for our kids some of the freedom and joy of exploring, taking friendship in fields and woods that cement （增強(qiáng)） love, respect and need for landscape. As parents, we should devote some of our energies to taking our kids into nature. This could yet be our greatest cause.
72. The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that __________.
A．kids missing the sense of wonder outdoors
B．parks are in danger of being gradually encroached
C．Richard Louv is the author of Last Child in the Woods
D．children are expected to develop into protectors of nature
73. According to the passage, children without experiencing nature will _________.
A．keep a high sense of wonder
B．be over-protected by their parents
C．be less healthy both physically and mentally
D．change wild places and creatures for the better
74. According to the author, children’s breaking an arm is ___________.
A．the fault on the part of their parents
B．the natural experience in their growing up
C．the result of their own carelessness in play
D．the effect of their repetitive stress from computers
75. In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to ________.
A．blame children for getting lost in computer games
B．encourage children to protect parks from encroachment
C．show his concern about children’s lack of experience in nature
D．inspire children to keep the sense of wonder about things around
第四部分 寫作（共三節(jié)，滿分35分）
鎮(zhèn)海中學(xué) 2008 學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期中考試高三年級(jí)英語試卷
答題卷
第一節(jié) 、單詞拼寫 （共10小題。每題0.5分，滿分5分）
1. After the big fire, the forest was completely d__________.
2. Some snakes are p __________to human beings.
3. I i_________ the jacket the moment I saw it. It was my brother's.
4. Sorry, the v___________ in the office has been filled.
5. It would be u _____________that such an honest fellow should have betrayed (背叛)his friends!
6. The unemployed engineer wrote a dozen a _____________for jobs but got nothing.
7. Children are usually c _________about everything around them.
8. The police have e _________that the killer was an old woman.
9. Two businessmen have been k__________ by terrorists demanding 1 million.
10. The wind was blowing f_______ and some trees were pulled up by the roots.
第二節(jié)、短文改錯(cuò) （共10小題。每題0.5分，滿分5分）
Dear editor,
I graduated this year and wanted to get job. 11.
I thought I would be success, but eventually I failed. 12.
That was why I was so lazy that I didn’t want to 13.
go out. I always blamed for the hot weather. And there’s 14.
another reason nobody know about: I regarded myself as 15.
someone who couldn’t do anything lonely. I often felt less 16.
capable than others. When I found a company was 17.
advertising, I was even afraid to call to ask for detail. 18.
I wanted to make a move, and I was always disappointed. 19.
What should I do? I’m looking forward to receive your reply. 20.
Yours
Walter
第三節(jié) 書面表達(dá) （滿分25分）
學(xué)校網(wǎng)站新開設(shè)了一個(gè)“英語寫作”欄目（column），以便學(xué)生發(fā)表（post）英語作文，進(jìn)行交流，提高寫作能力�，F(xiàn)請(qǐng)你為該欄目寫一個(gè)英文介紹，內(nèi)容包括： 1. 開設(shè)目的 2. 欄目?jī)?yōu)勢(shì)：教師在線（online）指導(dǎo)等
3. 作文要求：內(nèi)容貼近學(xué)生生活 4. 優(yōu)秀作文的鼓勵(lì)辦法
5. 邀請(qǐng)大家參與
注意： 1. 詞數(shù)100左右 2.開頭語已為你寫好（不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）
Welcome to the column “English Writing”!
答案：
聽力
1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.A
11.A 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.B
單項(xiàng)
DACCB DADCB DBDAD
完 型
ABACD BBBCD CBAAC ADCDA
閱讀理解
BDCB BDBC CDAD DBDA DCBC
單詞
destroyed poisonous identified vacancy unbelievable applications curious evidence kidnapped fiercely
短文改錯(cuò)
11. get后加a 12. success →successful 13. why →because 14.去掉for 15. know →knew 16. lonely→alone 17. √ 18. detail→details
19. and →but 20. receive→receiving
書面表達(dá)
One possible version:
Welcome to the column “English Writing”! Recently the school website has set up a new column called “English Writing” which provides the students the chances to post their composition and communicate with each other. Not only can students improve their writing ability in this way, but they can strengthen their self-confidence.
The column has lots of advantages. It’s the teacher’s guide on line that has advantage over the other columns. If necessary, the students can have a direct “ask and answer” with professional teachers. It is required that the composition should be related to the students’ life. What’s more, if it is organized well enough, the writer will be rewarded for it.
Hoping to the students’ participation.
鎮(zhèn)海中學(xué)2008學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三物理期中試卷
說明：本試卷中取g=
所有答案做在答題紙上，否則無效。
2008學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期中考查試題
高三化學(xué)
考生須知：
1．本卷試題分為第I卷、第II卷，滿分100分，考試時(shí)間100分鐘。
2．本卷答題時(shí)不得使用計(jì)算器，不得使用修正液（或涂改液）、修正帶。
3．答題時(shí)將答案均填在答卷相應(yīng)題號(hào)的位置，不按要求答題或答在草稿紙上無效。
4．可能用到的相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量：H
第I卷（選擇題，共48分）
全國(guó)百所名校2009模擬精華重組文綜全國(guó)卷
地理沖刺卷（ 九）
注意事項(xiàng)：
1．答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、考號(hào)在答題卡上填寫清楚，并認(rèn)真核準(zhǔn)條形碼上的考號(hào)及姓名，在規(guī)定的位置上貼好條形碼。
2．每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案的標(biāo)號(hào)。答在試卷上的答案無效。
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，共11小題，每小題4分，共44分。）
我國(guó)某中學(xué)的地理研究性學(xué)習(xí)小組對(duì)學(xué)校所在地區(qū)進(jìn)行了經(jīng)線和緯度數(shù)測(cè)定實(shí)驗(yàn)。圖甲中虛線MPN弧是國(guó)慶節(jié)那天測(cè)桿影子端點(diǎn)的連線，圖乙為該地某山脈等高線圖。分析回答1―3題。
百所名校2009模擬精華重組文綜地理仿真沖刺卷（九）(全國(guó)).files/image003.gif) |
1．圖甲中能反映了當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)線和日出時(shí)日影的線段分別為
A．OA線、ON線 B．OB線、OM線 C．OM線、OP線 D．OP線、ON線
2．當(dāng)桿影MPN連線與O點(diǎn)距離剛好處在一年之中的平均值的前后幾日的傍晚，學(xué)習(xí)小組成員觀察到圖乙中太陽徐徐從鞍部落下,形成“雙龍戲珠”的地理奇觀，則該山脈應(yīng)該大致是
A．東西走向 B．東北-西南走向 C．南北走向 D．西北-東南走向
3．學(xué)習(xí)小組成員發(fā)現(xiàn)一年中有一天正午測(cè)桿的日影消失，此刻北京時(shí)間為12點(diǎn)24分，則該地所處的地形區(qū)及在丙圖中相對(duì)應(yīng)的曲線為
A．珠江三角洲、AC曲線 B．云貴高原、BC曲線
C．長(zhǎng)江三角洲、AD曲線 D．黃土高原、BD曲線
安徽省2009屆高三化學(xué)各地名校月考試題匯編：
有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ)（1）
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image005.jpg) |
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image007.gif)
，A可與各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image009.gif)
的四氯化碳溶液發(fā)生加成反應(yīng)；1 mol A能與各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image011.gif)
；溶液恰好完全反應(yīng)。B所含元素種類與 A相同，相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量為46，其中碳的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為52．2％，氫的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為13％。試回答下列問題：（1）A中所含官能團(tuán)的名稱為 。
（2）B的分子式為 ，B的同系物D的相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量為60，則D可能的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)式為 。
（3）A與B反應(yīng)生成C的化學(xué)方程式為
答案.（1）碳碳雙鍵、羧基（2分）
（2）各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image013.gif)
（1分）；各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image015.gif)
、各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image017.jpg)
（2分）
（3）各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image019.gif)
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image021.jpg)
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image023.gif)
（2分）
2．（安徽省潛山縣黃鋪中學(xué)2009屆高三化學(xué)調(diào)研）（10分）A、B、C、D、E均為有機(jī)化合物，它們之間的關(guān)系如圖所示(提示：RCH=CHR'
在酸性高錳酸鉀溶液中反應(yīng)生成RCOOH和R'COOH，其中R和R'為烷基)。
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image025.jpg)
回答下列問題：
(1)直鏈化合物A的相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量小于90，A分子中碳、氫元素的總質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為0.814，其余為氧元素，則A的分子式為_____________；
(2)已知B與NaHCO3溶液完全反應(yīng)，其物質(zhì)的量之比為1：2，則在濃硫酸的催化下，B與足量的C2H5OH發(fā)生反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式是____________________________，反應(yīng)類型為____________________。
(3)A可以與金屬鈉作用放出氫氣，能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色，則A的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)式是__________________
（4）D有多種類型的同分異構(gòu)體，其中能發(fā)生水解反應(yīng)的同分異構(gòu)體還有(不包含D結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)式)_________ _ ___________。
答案（1）C5H10O。（2分）
(2）HOOC―CH2―COOH + 各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image026.gif)
C2H5OOC―CH2―COOC2H5
+2H2O（2分）；酯化反應(yīng)（或取代反應(yīng)）。1分）
(3）HO―CH2―CH2―CH=CH―CH3。（2分）
(4)C H 3CH2 CH2OOCH (C H 3) 2CH OOCH C H 3CH2 COOCH3（3分）
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image027.gif)
3．（09安徽靈璧中學(xué)第二次月考） 斷腸草（Gelsemium）為中國(guó)古代九大毒藥之一，據(jù)記載能“見血封喉”，現(xiàn)代查明它是葫蔓藤科植物葫蔓藤，其中的毒素很多，下列是分離出來的四種毒素的結(jié)構(gòu)式，下列推斷正確的是
（C）
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image029.jpg)
虎茸草素 異虎耳草素 異佛手相內(nèi)酯 6-甲氧基白芷素
① ② ③ ④
A．①、②、③與④分別互為同分異構(gòu)體
B．①、③互為同系物
C．①、②、③、④均能與氫氧化鈉溶液反應(yīng)
D．等物質(zhì)的量②、④分別在足量氧氣中完全燃燒，前者消耗氧氣比后者少
4．（09安徽靈璧中學(xué)第二次月考）（14分）2008年11月我國(guó)質(zhì)檢部門檢驗(yàn)出許多免檢品牌如“三鹿”、“蒙�！�、“光明”、“伊利”等嬰幼兒奶粉中均或多或少含有不可用于食品加工的化學(xué)試劑――三聚氰胺！造成許多嬰幼兒飲用該類奶粉而得尿路結(jié)石病。請(qǐng)回答下列關(guān)于三聚氰胺的相關(guān)問題：
三聚氰胺最早被李比希于1834年合成，早期合成使用雙氰胺法：由電石（CaC2）制備氰胺化鈣（CaCN2），氰胺化鈣水解后二聚生成雙氰胺，再加熱分解制備三聚氰胺。
（1）、下列關(guān)于德國(guó)化學(xué)家李比希的說法正確的是 （多選、少選得0分。）
A．首次提出了元素的概念，為近代化學(xué)的創(chuàng)始人
B．在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中首次利用無機(jī)物合成有機(jī)物
C．首次創(chuàng)立有機(jī)化合物的定量分析方法
D．首次發(fā)現(xiàn)元素周期律、制定元素周期表
E．提出原子學(xué)說，為近代化學(xué)的發(fā)展奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)
F．首先提出“有機(jī)化學(xué)”和“有機(jī)化合物”的概念
（2）、寫出電石（CaC2）的電子式 。
（3）、已知三聚氰胺的分子式為C3H6N6，則分子中含N量為 ；奶粉中添加三聚氰胺，可使奶粉中含氮量 （填降低、提高、不變）。
（4）、光譜分析得出三聚氰胺的分子結(jié)構(gòu)中含六元環(huán)，無氮氮鍵，核磁氫光譜分析出僅有一種氫原子，則三聚氰胺的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)式為 。
（5）、目前因?yàn)殡娛母叱杀�，雙氰胺法已被淘汰。工業(yè)合成常由尿素直接在高溫高壓下制得：配平該化學(xué)反應(yīng)方程式： (NH2)2CO → C3H6N6 + NH3 + CO2
（6）、三聚乙炔、三聚乙醛都是一種重要的化工原料，其結(jié)構(gòu)類似三聚氰胺，為環(huán)狀結(jié)構(gòu)。分別寫出由乙炔、乙醛在加熱和催化劑的條件下合成三聚乙炔、三聚乙醛的化學(xué)反應(yīng)方程式（反應(yīng)條件可不寫）
答案：（1）、C
（2）、CaC2電子式 各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image030.gif)
（3）、66.6％ 提高
（4）、各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image032.gif)
（5）、6 1 6
3
（6）、各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image034.jpg)
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image036.gif)
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image037.gif)
3CH3CHO各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image039.gif)
5（安徽省靈璧中學(xué)09屆高三化學(xué)第2次月考試卷）（4分）用于2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)的國(guó)家游泳中心（水立方）的建筑采用了膜材料ETFE，它是乙烯-四氟乙烯的共聚物，具有許多優(yōu)異的性能：
① 具有特有的表面抗粘著的性能；
② 使用壽命至少為25 ~ 35年，是用于永久性多層可移動(dòng)屋頂結(jié)構(gòu)的理想材料；
③ 達(dá)到B1、DIN4102防火等級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，且不會(huì)自燃；
④ 質(zhì)量很輕，只有同等大小的玻璃質(zhì)量的1 %；
⑤ 韌性好、抗拉強(qiáng)度高、不易被撕裂，延展性大于400 %；
⑥ 能有效地利用自然光，透光率可高達(dá)95 %，同時(shí)起到保溫隔熱的性能，節(jié)省能源。
（1）②說明ETFE的化學(xué)性質(zhì)在自然條件下較__________ （填“穩(wěn)定”或“活潑”）；
（2）上述特點(diǎn)中，屬于ETFE的物理性質(zhì)的有________。（全對(duì)2分，有錯(cuò)、少選不給分）
答案.（4分，每空2分）（1）穩(wěn)定 （2）①④⑤⑥
（全對(duì)2分，有錯(cuò)、少選不給分）
6 （2009屆安徽省靈璧中學(xué)化學(xué)第三次月考試題）下列含溴化合物中溴原子在適當(dāng)條件下都能被羥基(―OH)所取代，所得產(chǎn)物能跟Na2CO3溶液反應(yīng)并能產(chǎn)生氣體的是（ B ）
A、各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image040.gif)
B、各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image041.gif)
C、各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image042.gif)
D、各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image043.gif)
7. （2009屆安徽省靈璧中學(xué)化學(xué)第三次月考試題）（15分）
置換反應(yīng)的通式可以表示為：
單質(zhì)（1）＋化合物（1）＝化合物（2）＋單質(zhì)（2）
請(qǐng)寫出滿足以下要求的3個(gè)置換反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式：
①所涉及的元素的原子序數(shù)都小于20；
②6種單質(zhì)分別屬6個(gè)不同的主族。
答：
w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
答案. 2Mg+CO2各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image046.gif)
2MgO+C
其他合理寫法也可。
8．（巢湖市?煬中學(xué)2008/2009高三第二次月考）在
A．等于
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image047.gif)
9．（巢湖市?煬中學(xué)2008/2009高三第二次月考）2008年北京殘奧會(huì)吉祥物是 “福牛樂樂”。有一種有機(jī)物的鍵線式也酷似牛形（右圖所示），故稱為牛式二烯炔醇。下列有關(guān)牛式二烯炔醇的說法中正確的是 (
A )
A．化學(xué)式為C29H44O，屬于不飽和醇
B．分子內(nèi)所有碳原子都在同一平面
C．能發(fā)生加成、消去、取代反應(yīng)
D．一定條件下羥基能被氧化為醛基
10．（巢湖市?煬中學(xué)2008/2009高三第二次月考）（9分）
就下列網(wǎng)上查得的有關(guān)三聚氰胺的物理物質(zhì)資料回答問題：
三聚氰胺性狀為純白色原子晶體。有難聞的氣味，密度
|
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image049.jpg)
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image050.gif)
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image051.gif)
⑵
H－N－C≡N
(2分) 各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image053.jpg)
推測(cè)該物質(zhì)不具有的化學(xué)性質(zhì)是各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image055.jpg)
12、（安師大附中2009屆年高三第一次模擬考試化學(xué)）香蘭素是重要的香料之一，它可由丁香酚經(jīng)多步反應(yīng)合成。有關(guān)上述兩種化合物的說法正確的是各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image056.gif)
有機(jī)物A、B、C有如圖所示轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系，A的分子式為各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image057.gif)
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image058.jpg)
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image059.gif)
酯化（或取代）（1分）各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image061.gif)
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image062.gif)
w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image064.jpg)
多巴胺結(jié)構(gòu)如右圖：各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image068.gif)
各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image070.jpg)
（2分） 各地名校月考試題匯編：有機(jī)化學(xué)基礎(chǔ).files/image072.jpg)
Ⅲ、（兩方程式各3分）