3. ____ of deaths from heart disease will be reduced

　 greatly if people are persuaded to eat more fruit and

　 vegetables.

　　 A. The number　　　　 15. A number

　　 C. A lot of　　　　　　 D. Many

2.　 ____ careful while crossing the street.

　　 A. Your being　　　　　 B. To be

　　 C. Do be　　　　　　　　 D. Being

1. He ____ to the railway station, only to find the

　 train had been away for 5 hours.

　　 A. did go　　　　　　　 B. had gone

　　 C. had to go　　　　　　 D. has gone

4. 祈使句 + and + 陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)

　 在這種句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，祈使句表示條件，陳述句表示結(jié)

　 果，它相當(dāng)于If you..., you will...，另外，祈使句 +

　 or + 陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)表示：If (not)..., you will，有時候，

　 祈使句中的動詞可省略。

　 Work harder, and you'll find it not difficult to learn.

　　 再用功一點，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)它不難寫。

　　 Hurry up, or you will be late.

　　 快一點，否則你會遲到。

　　 More effort, and you can finish it in time.

再加把勁，你會按時完成它。

[句型歸納]

[考點1]Pierre and I did have a very good time at the

ball. 皮埃爾與我確實在舞會上玩得很開心。

該句中的did為助動詞，加強謂語動詞have的語氣。

在“助動詞do / does / did + 動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)中，助動詞

do / does / did意思是“確實，的確，一定”。常常用在

肯定句或祈使句中，起加強語氣的作用。有人稱和時

態(tài)的變化。例如：

Do send me e-mail immediately you arrive at Beijing. 你

一到北京，一定要給我發(fā)電子郵件。

He does smoke two packs of cigarettes every day. 他確

實每天抽兩包煙。

The company earned much more this month than it did

last month. 公司本月賺的錢要比上個月多得多。

[考例1](NMET 2000) An awful accident____,

however, occur the other day.

　　 A. does　　 B. did

　　 C. was to　　 D. had to

[考查目標(biāo)] 對句子中謂語的強調(diào)。

[答案與解析] B　 助動詞do (does用于第三人稱) 用于

對現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的強調(diào)；did用于對過去時態(tài)的強調(diào)，后面

均接動詞原形。

[考點2]In the eighteenth century, Benjamin Franklin

conducted a number of experiments in which he showed

what electricity is. 18世紀(jì)。本杰明·富蘭克林做了一系

列的試驗，以證明電是什么。

注意：該句子中的 a number of 作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)

形式。例如：

A number of children play video games online. 很多的

孩子在網(wǎng)上玩電子游戲。

a number of意思是“許多，數(shù)目”，作主語時，謂語動詞

用復(fù)數(shù)形式。the number of意思是“數(shù)量”，作主語時，

謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：

A number of people prefer to sending e-mail each other

t0 writing letters. 許多人更愿意發(fā)電子郵件，而不愿意

寫信。

The number of milu deer is increasing year by year. 麋

鹿的數(shù)目在逐年增加。

[考例2](NMET 1996) The number of people invited

____ fifty，but a number of them ____ absent

fnr different reasons.

　　 A. were; was　　 B. was; was

　　 C. was; were　　 D. were; were

[考查目標(biāo)] 主謂一致。

[答案與解析] C　 根據(jù)以上的解釋，應(yīng)該選was；were。

[考點3]Having realized that I could use a kite to attract

Iightning, I decided to do an experiment. 意識到可以用

風(fēng)箏引來閃電之后，我便決定做個實驗。

該句中的having realized是v-ing形式的完成式在句中

作狀語。

v-ing形式在句中的主要作用是作狀語，having done表

示非謂語動詞的動作先于渭語動詞的動作，而且要注

意非謂語與句子主語之間存在著主動關(guān)系時，用hav-

ing done；非謂語與句子主語之間存在著被動關(guān)系時，

用having been done；其否定形式是在v-ing前加not。

例如：

Having finished his homework, the boy decided to play

football for a while. 做完了作業(yè)．他決定去踢一會兒

球。

Not having cleaned the classroom, they couldn't go

home. 還沒有打掃完教室，他們還不能回家。

Having been praised in class, the girl felt very happy.

那個姑娘在班上得到表揚，感到很高興。

[考例3](2001上海春招) ____ from heart trouble

for years, Professor White has to take some medicine

with him wherever he goes.

　　 A. Suffered　　 B. Suffering

　　 C. Having suffered　　 D. Being suffered

[考查目標(biāo)]非謂語動詞v-ing。

[答案與解析]C　 v-ing形式的邏輯主語是Professor

White，Professor White和suffer之間存在著主動關(guān)

系，而且根據(jù)，for years，表示 suffer 的動作持續(xù)換了

多少年，所以用v-ing完成式表示原因。

[牛刀小試3]

3. be (was / were) to do

　 此結(jié)構(gòu)表示安排、命令、職責(zé)、義務(wù)、目的、用途、可能

　 性、命中注定等。

　 You are to be baek bv 11 o'clock.

　 你得在11點鐘前回來。(命令)

　 I am to inform you that the meeting will be held in

　 Hangzhou.

　 我謹(jǐn)通知你會議在杭州舉行。(職責(zé))

　 A knife is to cut with.

　 刀是用來切割的。(用途)

　 They were never to meet again.

　 他們注定以后永遠不會見面。(命中注定)

　 If there is to be peace, we must try in every way to

　 prevent war.

　 要和平，就得想一切辦法制止戰(zhàn)爭。(可能性)

2. 助動詞 do 強調(diào)謂語動詞的用法

　 在肯定句中，助動詞do可用來強調(diào)謂語動詞，帶有

　 感情色彩，可譯成“真的，的確”。

　 You do look nice today.

　 你今天看起來真漂亮。

　 We did need help those days.

　 在那些日子里我們的確需要幫助。

1. 英語句型中的否定前移

　 在英語中，如果主句的動詞是think, suppose,

　 expect, believe, imagine 之類的動詞，而且主語又是

　 第一人稱，賓語從句要表達否定，其否定形式應(yīng)遷移

　 到主句。但是，如果構(gòu)成反意疑問句時，要把否定形

　 式再遷移到從句中去，以從句為準(zhǔn)。

　 I don't think you're right.

　 我認(rèn)為你不對。

　 I don't suppose I shall be back until 9 o'clock.

　 我想幾點以前我回不來。

　 I don't think your answer is right, is it?

　 我認(rèn)為你的回答不對，是不是?

5. 病人在醫(yī)院住了好長一段時間，人們建議他去海邊

　 恢復(fù)健康。　　 ．

　 After staying in hospital for long, the patient was

　 ____ to go to the seaside to ____ ____　 his health．

☆句型詮釋☆

4. 這褲子花了30美元，比預(yù)料的要貴得多。

These trousers ____ $30 ____ ____,

which was much more expensive than ____.

3. 這家出版社出版了一套新的英語學(xué)習(xí)讀物。

　 The publishing house has published ____ ____ ____ ____English learning materials.